Passage

Romans 11

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  A Greek-derived transliteration, established since the earliest Tamil Bible translation work.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Raised above the Medium level typical elsewhere in this pipeline for two Tamil-specific reasons: the available near-synonym குரு carries real weight in Tamil guru-sishya tradition, and Tamil Nadu's own ancient apostolic-heritage claim (the apostle Thomas's traditional martyrdom at Mylapore) makes teaching this doctrine correctly a matter of regional significance, not just translation accuracy.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Effectual Calling

  God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the called; not fatalism (தலைவிதி) or karma-determined destiny (ஊழ்வினை).

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Election

  God's sovereign, personal choice; never தலைவிதி ("forehead-writing," a common Tamil fatalism idiom) or ஊழ்வினை (accumulated karmic destiny).

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Established Tamil Bible term for non-Jewish peoples.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Tamil Sri Vaishnavism's prapatti debate (the Tenkalai "cat-and-kitten" wholly-unconditioned grace versus the Vadakalai "monkey-and-baby" cooperative grace) offers a genuinely sophisticated point of theological comparison, but Christian grace must still be taught as received through faith in Christ's finished work, not ritual surrender to a deity.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  Unmerited favor apart from human merit.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Established proper-name form.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  Compound required for the forensic, declared-righteous sense; never abbreviate to மன்னிப்பு (forgiveness) alone, which loses the legal-declaration dimension.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive care; never ஊழ் (the classical Tamil literary concept of fate, prominently treated in Thirukkural) or karmic law.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance; never ஊழ் (the classical Tamil literary concept of fate, notably discussed as one of the major forces of life in Thirukkural).

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: NEVER use தர்மம் (the Tamil cognate of Sanskrit dharma, carrying the same cosmic-duty connotation).

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: never மோட்சம் or முக்தி.

  ROM.11.11

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: NEVER use மோட்சம் or முக்தி — Hindu liberation from the rebirth cycle.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Directly challenges caste-based spiritual hierarchy.

  ROM.11.17-24