Passage
Romans 9
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Glossary Term
Abba
OPPORTUNITY, DISTINCT FROM EVERY OTHER LANGUAGE IN THIS PIPELINE: unlike Hindi, Punjabi, Nepali, or Malayalam, where Abba requires an explanatory note as a foreign term, Aramaic "Abba" and Tamil "அப்பா" (Appa) are both phonetically near-identical and functionally identical — Appa is the ordinary, universal Tamil word every Tamil speaker of any religion uses for "father." Romans 8:15 therefore lands with immediate, unmediated warmth in Tamil with no cultural translation required at all.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Adoption
Established theological compound emphasizing full son-status with complete inheritance rights, more precise than the generic தத்தெடுப்பு (the ordinary word for adopting a child).
ROM.9.4
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Doctrine
Adoption into God's Family
Full son-status with complete inheritance rights; established Tamil theological vocabulary with relatively low ambiguity.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Called
Context-sensitive: Romans 1:1 = called to apostleship; 1:7 = called to be saints; 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Calling
Noun form for the act or state of being called by God.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Covenant
Relational covenant bond, more than a legal agreement (ஒப்பந்தம்).
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
David
Established Tamil Bible proper-name form.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Davidic Covenant
Requires Old Testament background explanation; no analogous covenantal-promise concept exists in Tamil Hindu or Jain tradition.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Deity of Christ
CRITICAL: co-equal divine nature; connects directly to the God-word decision (கடவுள் over தேவன்) recorded in translation_memory.json — Christ's deity must be as unambiguously monotheistic as the term used for God the Father, or the doctrine is undermined at its foundation.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Divine Calling
God's sovereign, personal call must be distinguished from fatalistic idioms (தலைவிதி) and karma-determined destiny (ஊழ்வினை) common in Tamil popular thought.
ROM.9.11-12
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Doctrine
Effectual Calling
God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the called; not fatalism (தலைவிதி) or karma-determined destiny (ஊழ்வினை).
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Election
God's sovereign, personal choice; never தலைவிதி ("forehead-writing," a common Tamil fatalism idiom) or ஊழ்வினை (accumulated karmic destiny).
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Father
God as personal Father in formal address; established, unambiguous term.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Glory
God's radiant honor and presence; established, low-ambiguity term.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
God
CRITICAL, DISTINCT STRATEGY FROM OTHER LANGUAGES IN THIS PIPELINE: established Tamil Bible tradition (the Tamil Old Version and many hymns) actually uses தேவன் for "God" throughout, e.g.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
Messiah
Transliterated term used alongside கிறிஸ்து (Christ).
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: a specific Jewish Old Testament promise fulfilled exclusively in Jesus, not one of Vishnu's ten avatars or another divine figure in a recognized lineage of incarnations.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
Seed Of David
Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and fulfillment of the Old Testament covenant promise to David.
ROM.9.5