Passage
Romans 15
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Doctrine
Christ-Centered Ministry
Ministry done in Christ's name and by his power for his glory, not humanitarian service performed to build one's own kasekten or social standing.
ROM.15.17-21
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Doctrine
Christian Fellowship
Shared participation in Christ, not merely social association within a village ritual community.
ROM.15.24
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Glossary Term
Church
The gathered people of God.
ROM.15.26
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Doctrine
Church as God's People
A new-covenant community, not a village ritual community organized around a punden shrine.
ROM.15.26
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Glossary Term
Covenant
A relational, binding bond initiated by God; needs context to carry more weight than an ordinary negotiated agreement.
ROM.15.12
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Glossary Term
David
Established Indonesian-archipelago Bible proper-name form.
ROM.15.12
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Doctrine
Davidic Covenant
Requires explicit OT background teaching; the closest cultural analogue, a wahyu-legitimized royal line, actually risks importing the wrong (impersonal, transferable) framework rather than clarifying the covenant's relational, promise-based nature.
ROM.15.12
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Doctrine
Evangelism
Sensitive in a Muslim-majority society; use language of witness and proclamation, not confrontational or conversion-pressure framing.
ROM.15.20
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Glossary Term
Exhort
Context-sensitive: use panyuwunan for entreaty and pitutur for building up in encouragement.
ROM.15.2
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Glossary Term
Fellowship
Shared participation in Christ, deeper than ordinary friendship (kekancan).
ROM.15.24
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Doctrine
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Linear, one-time historical fulfillment (OT to NT), not the recurring cyclical pattern of Javanese prophetic tradition (as in the Jayabaya prophecies), where figures and eras are expected to recur.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Gentiles
Non-Jews; established descriptive term for the theological category of other nations.
ROM.15.7-12
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Doctrine
Gospel
Injil is well established across both Javanese Muslim and Christian usage; the remaining task is keeping its content specific to the proclamation of salvation through Christ rather than a generic term for religious teaching.
ROM.15.19-20
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Glossary Term
Gospel
Established term shared across Indonesian-archipelago Christian usage.
ROM.15.19-20
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Glossary Term
Holy
Set apart for God and morally pure.
ROM.15.16
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Glossary Term
Holy Spirit
CRITICAL: Never use dhemit or lelembut (categories of folk spirits/unseen beings in Javanese belief).
ROM.15.16
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Doctrine
Inspiration of Scripture
Distinguish God-breathed Scripture from primbon (the Javanese astrological-divination almanac tradition) and from esoteric teachings passed down through mystical lineages (guru-murid transmission).
ROM.15.4
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Glossary Term
Intercession
Prayer on behalf of others addressed to God directly, not nyuwun berkah ing kuburan (seeking blessing at a grave), a common practice at Wali Songo tomb pilgrimage sites.
ROM.15.30-32
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Glossary Term
Israel
Proper name; established form.
ROM.15.7-12
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Doctrine
Kingdom Mission
God's reign advancing through gospel proclamation; not an earthly keraton or political-cultural project.
ROM.15.12, ROM.15.18-21
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Glossary Term
Kingdom Of God
Kraton (the royal palace-realm) gives helpful cosmological weight but must be distinguished from an actual earthly keraton (such as Yogyakarta or Surakarta) as a political institution.
ROM.15.12, ROM.15.18-21
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Glossary Term
Law
Mosaic Law, anchored to Toret (Torah) specifically.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Messiah
CRITICAL: Never use Satrio Piningit (the 'hidden knight' of Javanese Jayabaya prophecy, expected to arise and restore justice to Java).
ROM.15.8-12
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Doctrine
Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: Must not be conflated with Satrio Piningit, the 'hidden knight' of Jayabaya's Javanese prophecy expected to restore justice to Java.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Mission
Proclamation of the gospel; kept concrete and action-focused rather than borrowing institutional religious-propagation language.
ROM.15.15-24
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Doctrine
Mission to the Nations
Framed as proclamation of a person, kept distinct from institutional religious-propagation language that could read as competing with Islam's own dominant position in Javanese society.
ROM.15.15-24
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Doctrine
Mutual Edification
Building one another up in faith; minimal doctrinal risk.
ROM.15.2
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Doctrine
Prayer and Intercession
Direct access to God in Christ's name; distinguish from seeking blessing at a wali's grave or petitioning a village guardian spirit (danyang).
ROM.15.30-32
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Glossary Term
Prophecy
God-inspired declaration, distinct from primbon (the Javanese astrological-numerological divination almanac tradition).
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Prophet
God's spokesperson; do not confuse with dhukun (a traditional Javanese folk healer or diviner).
ROM.15.4
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Doctrine
Sanctification
The Spirit's ongoing work of making believers holy, not a self-directed ascetic discipline aimed at attaining kasampurnan (mystical perfection).
ROM.15.16
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Glossary Term
Sanctification
The Spirit's ongoing work of making believers holy, distinct from ritual purification practices performed before slametan ceremonies.
ROM.15.16
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Glossary Term
Seed Of David
Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and fulfillment of the Davidic covenant promise.
ROM.15.12
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Doctrine
Separation unto God's Service
Must not be confused with the ascetic withdrawal (tapa, tirakat) practiced in Javanese mysticism to attain spiritual perfection.
ROM.15.16
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Doctrine
Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Challenges any lingering social hierarchy inherited from the traditional Javanese priyayi (aristocratic) and wong cilik (commoner) class distinction; must be rendered with full theological clarity.
ROM.15.7-12