Passage

Romans 11

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Transliterated, established Kannada Christian term.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Risk of apostleship collapsing into the Lingayat ಜಂಗಮ (wandering teacher) office or a generic guru role recognized for personal spiritual attainment, rather than a commissioned, sent office.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Effectual Calling

  God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the one called; not the devotee's own progressive advance through the Lingayat shatsthala stages, nor the impersonal working-out of karma.

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Election

  God's sovereign, personal choice, not ಹಣೆಬರಹ ('forehead-writing', the vivid Kannada idiom for a predetermined fate) or ವಿಧಿ (impersonal destiny).

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Non-Jewish peoples; ವಿದೇಶಿಯರು (foreigners) is too narrowly national.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Unmerited favor stands against both the karma-merit economy of popular Hindu devotion and the Lingayat kayaka-dasoha ethic, where right standing is demonstrated through disciplined sacred work and generous sharing; grace must be taught as favor received, not effort or service rewarded.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  Unmerited favor apart from human merit.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Proper name; established form.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  Compound phrase required; a forensic declaration of right standing, never abbreviated to a single word.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: never ಧರ್ಮ.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: never ಮೋಕ್ಷ/ಮುಕ್ತಿ or ಐಕ್ಯ (the Lingayat state of final merger with Shiva, in which individual identity dissolves).

  ROM.11.11

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: NEVER ಮೋಕ್ಷ or ಮುಕ್ತಿ (release from the rebirth cycle in mainstream Hindu usage) and NEVER ಐಕ್ಯ (aikya) — the culminating stage of the Lingayat/Veerashaiva shatsthala path, in which the devotee's individual identity ultimately merges into and dissolves within Shiva.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Directly challenges caste-based spiritual hierarchy; must be translated with full theological clarity, not softened.

  ROM.11.17-24