Passage

Romans 11

• Glossary Term

  Covenant

  A binding, relational agreement; standard term, reasonably well understood given Shona custom also recognizes formal binding agreements between parties (e.g.

  ROM.11.28-29

• Glossary Term

  David

  Proper name; standard Shona Bible transliteration.

  ROM.11.28-29

• Glossary Term

  Election

  God's sovereign, personal choice; must not be rendered with a term implying fate or destiny assigned impersonally by ancestral forces.

  ROM.11.28-29

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  'Vahedheni' (heathen/gentile) is the established Shona Bible term; 'marudzi' (nations/tribes) was considered but is more neutral and less precise for this specific Pauline usage.

  ROM.11.11-13

• Glossary Term

  Glory

  God's radiant weight and majesty; 'mbiri' (fame/renown, more associated with a chief's reputation) was considered but risks reducing God's glory to social prestige.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  God

  CRITICAL: the established Shona term for the Supreme Being, adopted from traditional religion.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Doctrine

  God's Calling and Election

  God's own sovereign summons, distinct from a spirit medium's call to ancestral service, a distinct and culturally prominent concept.

  ROM.11.28-29

• Doctrine

  Mission to the Gentiles

  The gospel's extension beyond Israel to all nations; standard term with moderate ambiguity risk.

  ROM.11.11-13

• Glossary Term

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance of all things (Romans 8:28); not a single fixed biblical term.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Doctrine

  Sovereignty of God

  Mwari's sovereign rule over all creation and history must be taught as direct and personal, not mediated through vadzimu; Romans 9's language of God's sovereign choice must not be flattened into fatalism.

  ROM.11.33-36