Passage

Romans 3

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ; well-established term with comparatively low ambiguity risk.

  ROM.3.22-28

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  Object of faith must always be specified as Christ; standard, well-established term.

  ROM.3.22-28

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear, one-time historical fulfillment (OT to NT), not the cyclical time-frame of Buddhist cosmology.

  ROM.3.21

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Non-Jews; established Bible term for the theological category of other nations.

  ROM.3.29-30

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Unmerited favor must be distinguished from phước đức/công đức (Buddhist accumulated merit) and ơn nghĩa (a Confucian-style favor creating a reciprocal debt).

  ROM.3.24

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  Never use phước đức or công đức (merit accumulated through good deeds in Buddhist practice) or ơn nghĩa (a favor that creates a Confucian-style reciprocal obligation to repay).

  ROM.3.24

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Proper name; established Vietnamese Bible form.

  ROM.3.29-30

• Glossary Term

  Law

  Mosaic Law; standard, well-established term with no significant unwanted folk-religious connotation.

  ROM.3.21

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration; standard, well-established term.

  ROM.3.21

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  Moral transgression against a personal God, not nghiệp xấu (bad karma, an impersonal cause-and-effect concept from Buddhist teaching).

  ROM.3.23

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Requires OT/NT background teaching; comparatively low direct cultural-analogue risk in the Vietnamese context.

  ROM.3.29-30

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  All humanity stands equally guilty before a personal God; must be retained without softening into a graded karmic or ancestral-merit scale.

  ROM.3.23