Passage

Romans 11

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Stable, shared term across all Dutch Bible traditions.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Stable, established term; minimal risk of reduction to a generic teacher role.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Effectual Calling

  CRITICAL, the single most Dutch-specific doctrinal flashpoint in this registry: the Canons of Dort (1618-19) formulated the definitive Reformed position on unconditional election directly against the Dutch Remonstrants, making this doctrine unusually foundational to Dutch Reformed identity.

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Election

  CRITICAL, the most Dutch-specific doctrinal flashpoint in this glossary: the Canons of Dort (Dordtse Leerregels, Synod of Dordrecht 1618-19) formulated the definitive Reformed position on unconditional election directly against the Dutch Remonstrants (followers of the Dutch theologian Jacobus Arminius).

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Carries a pejorative 'uncivilized/irreligious' secular connotation similar to German 'Heiden' and French 'païens'.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Sovereign, unmerited grace was the exact doctrine at stake in the Synod of Dordrecht's condemnation of Arminian teaching; must always reinforce 'apart from human cooperation'.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  Dutch Reformed dogmatics has an unusually developed doctrine of sovereign grace ('soevereine genade'), formalized against the Remonstrants at the Synod of Dordrecht (1618-19).

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Dutch orthodox Reformed circles have a notably strong tradition of Christian Zionism (e.g.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  CRITICAL: 'rechtvaardiging door het geloof' is a core confessional term; Heidelberg Catechism Lord's Day 23 (Q&A 60-61) is devoted entirely to this doctrine, making it unusually load-bearing in Dutch Reformed catechesis specifically.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Providence

  Personal, purposive divine care; Heidelberg Catechism Q&A 27-28 gives Reformed-catechized readers strong prior vocabulary, though secularized readers will lack this.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Providence

  Heidelberg Catechism Q&A 27-28 formally defines 'de voorzienigheid Gods', giving Reformed-catechized Dutch readers unusually precise prior vocabulary, though secularized readers outside that tradition will lack this grounding.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: 'gerechtigheid van God' (Romans 1:17) is a right standing given and credited through faith, not human moral virtue ('deugd').

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  HIGH RISK: a genuine three-way register split (verlossing / behoud / zaligheid) means the choice of word signals tradition and generation as much as meaning; reviewers must confirm the chosen register fits the passage and audience.

  ROM.11.11

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  HIGH RISK: Dutch has a three-way register split.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Requires historically aware handling given the Netherlands' own WWII history and its strong contemporary strand of Reformed Christian Zionism, both of which shape how this pairing is heard.

  ROM.11.17-24