Passage

Romans 11

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Avoid ગુરુ, which in both Hindu bhakti and Jain ascetic-teacher contexts implies self-attained spiritual authority rather than a delegated, sent commission.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Risk of apostleship collapsing into a generic acharya/guru role recognized for personal spiritual attainment rather than a commissioned, sent office.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Effectual Calling

  God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the one called; not the impersonal, self-executing cause-and-effect of Jain karma theory, where consequence follows action automatically with no personal caller involved.

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Election

  God's sovereign personal choice, not નસીબ/નિયતિ (fate/destiny) or the impersonal, mechanical cause-and-effect of Jain karma theory, which allows no place for a personal chooser at all.

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Non-Jewish peoples; વિદેશીઓ (foreigners) is too narrowly national.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Unmerited favor stands against both the karma-merit economy of popular Hindu devotion and the Jain doctrine of nirjara, the shedding of karmic matter through the practitioner's own austerity; grace must be taught as favor received, not effort rewarded.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  CRITICAL: કૃપા is the standard Gujarati Christian term, but in Gujarat's bhakti devotional speech it also names a guru's or deity's favor cultivated through devotion, and Jain merit-language has no concept of unearned favor at all.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Proper name; established form.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  Compound phrase required; a forensic declaration, not a felt experience of forgiveness or merit accumulated (પુણ્ય કમાવું).

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance; Romans 8:28 is especially vulnerable to being absorbed into the impersonal law of karma, which explains outcomes without any personal governing will.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: never ધર્મ.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: never મોક્ષ, મુક્તિ, કેવલજ્ઞાન, or સિદ્ધત્વ.

  ROM.11.11

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: NEVER મોક્ષ or મુક્તિ (Hindu liberation from samsara).

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Directly challenges caste and community-based spiritual hierarchy; must be translated with full clarity, not softened.

  ROM.11.17-24