Passage

Romans 5

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Personal trust placed in Christ specifically, not the devotional reverence (bhakti/shraddha) a devotee might direct toward any chosen deity or Tirthankara.

  ROM.5.1-2

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ; શ્રદ્ધા and ભક્તિ both carry devotional-reverence connotations from Gujarat's strong bhakti (Swaminarayan, Vaishnav) tradition that do not require the specific object of trust that વિશ્વાસ requires.

  ROM.5.1-2

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Unmerited favor stands against both the karma-merit economy of popular Hindu devotion and the Jain doctrine of nirjara, the shedding of karmic matter through the practitioner's own austerity; grace must be taught as favor received, not effort rewarded.

  ROM.5.2, ROM.5.15-17, ROM.5.20-21

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  CRITICAL: કૃપા is the standard Gujarati Christian term, but in Gujarat's bhakti devotional speech it also names a guru's or deity's favor cultivated through devotion, and Jain merit-language has no concept of unearned favor at all.

  ROM.5.2, ROM.5.15-17, ROM.5.20-21

• Doctrine

  Humanity of Christ

  Christ's full, real human nature, not an illusory appearance and not merely a soul temporarily occupying a body as in some folk expressions of transmigration.

  ROM.5.15

• Glossary Term

  Peace

  Relational peace with God through justification, not the inner tranquility sought through Jain ahimsa-based self-discipline or meditation, both highly salient in Gujarati culture.

  ROM.5.1

• Doctrine

  Peace with God

  Relational peace secured through justification, not the inner tranquility sought through ahimsa-based discipline or meditation, both prominent Gujarati cultural values.

  ROM.5.1