Semantic Analysis

Several Hindi terms in this Language Package carry a narrower or broader semantic range than their English source word, which affects how consistently they can be used across contexts.

Narrower-than-English terms

• पवित्र जन (saints): English “saints” can informally mean “especially holy people,” but पवित्र जन must be used for all believers corporately (Romans 1:7), never for an ascetic elite — that narrower, elevated sense belongs to संत, which is explicitly rejected for this use.
• बुलाए हुए / बुलाहट (called/calling): the same English word “called” covers at least three distinct senses in Romans (called to apostleship in 1:1, called to be saints in 1:7, and effectual calling to salvation in 8:28–30). The Hindi rendering is context-sensitive and must be checked against which sense is active in each verse, not applied uniformly.

Broader-than-English terms

• सामर्थ्य (power): used consistently for “power of God” (Romans 1:16) specifically to avoid शक्ति, which has a much broader and Hindu-goddess-associated semantic field in everyday Hindi. सामर्थ्य is semantically narrower and safer, even though it is slightly less common in casual speech.
• विश्वास (faith): covers both “belief” and “trust” in Hindi, which is actually an advantage here — Romans uses “faith” to mean active, personal trust in Christ, not mere intellectual assent, and विश्वास’s broader range captures both without needing two separate words.

Implication

Where a Hindi term’s semantic range differs from its English source, the glossary’s notes field (see translation_memory.json) exists specifically to flag the mismatch for translators, so a term isn’t applied mechanically in a context its actual Hindi meaning doesn’t support.