Passage

Romans 1

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Stable, shared term across all Swedish Bible traditions.

  ROM.1.1

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Stable, established term; minimal risk of reduction to a generic teacher role.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Called

  Context-sensitive: in 1:1 = called to apostleship; in 1:7 = called to be saints; in 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Calling

  'Kallelse' is the ordinary, very much alive Swedish word for career/life calling, a common positive self-actualization concept in modern Swedish culture ('hitta sin kallelse'), risking a humanistic reading over God's sovereign initiative.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Doctrine

  Christian Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; 'gemenskap' also plainly means secular community, requiring context to keep the koinonia sense specific.

  ROM.1.12

• Glossary Term

  Covenant

  Relational covenant bond, established biblical Swedish usage.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  David

  Standard proper name form across all Swedish traditions.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Davidic Covenant

  Requires OT background explanation; 'av Davids säd' is archaic and should be rendered 'ättling till David'.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Deity of Christ

  CRITICAL: co-equal divine nature must not be softened into a merely divinely inspired human figure.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Divine Calling

  'Kallelse' is a lively, positive secular self-actualization concept in modern Swedish, risking a humanistic reading over God's sovereign initiative.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Exhort

  Context-sensitive: 'förmana' leans toward admonish/warn; use 'uppmuntra' (encourage) for the building-up sense.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Faith

  HIGH RISK, distinctly Swedish: 'tro' is the everyday verb for 'to think/suppose', risking a stronger flattening toward mere opinion than most cognate languages in this batch.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  HIGH RISK, distinctly Swedish: 'tro' is also the ordinary verb for 'to think/suppose' used constantly in non-religious speech ('jag tror att...'), risking a much stronger flattening toward mere opinion than in most cognate languages in this batch.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Fellowship

  'De heligas gemenskap' (communion of saints, from the Apostles' Creed/trosbekännelsen) is the classic phrase; 'gemenskap' is also the ordinary secular word for community, requiring context to keep the koinonia sense specific.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (OT to NT); low OT literacy among secular readers requires explicit cross-referencing.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Glory

  God's radiant presence and honor.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  God

  HIGH RISK: Sweden is frequently cited as one of the most secular societies on earth by international surveys, despite most Swedes historically remaining nominal Svenska kyrkan members by default; 'Gud' is often encountered as cultural-heritage vocabulary (Christmas, weddings, funerals) rather than a live personal claim for a large share of readers.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Gospel

  Stable term; not disputed, though Sweden's high secularization means content can no longer be assumed as common knowledge even among nominal Svenska kyrkan members.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Gospel

  Shared, stable term across Bibel 2000 and Svenska Folkbibeln.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Humanity of Christ

  Real physical human nature; no competing illusionist worldview in Swedish culture.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Incarnation

  Well-established doctrinal term; risk is register choice (människoblivande vs.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  Incarnation

  Native compound (becoming human) preferred in catechetical/preaching register over the Latinate 'inkarnation', more common in academic/ecumenical register.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Inspiration of Scripture

  Distinguish God-breathed Scripture from a purely historical-critical academic reading common in Swedish university theology faculties.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Jesus

  Stable across all Swedish traditions.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  CRITICAL: formally remains Svenska kyrkan's (Church of Sweden) confessional Lutheran doctrine, but widespread secularization and folk-church ('folkkyrka') culture mean most nominal members have little catechetical grounding in what this term actually means.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Law

  'Lag och evangelium' (law and gospel) is a cornerstone Lutheran homiletic dialectic, central to Swedish Lutheran preaching tradition just as in German.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Lord

  Romans 10:9 'Jesus är Herre.' 'Herre' is fairly archaic/elevated register in contemporary spoken Swedish, unlike German 'Herr', which somewhat protects it from everyday-title flattening but can feel distant or old-fashioned to a secular reader unfamiliar with religious register.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Lordship of Christ

  Romans 10:9's confession must not read as one lord among several; 'Herre' is elevated/archaic register in modern spoken Swedish, which protects it from everyday-title flattening but can feel distant to secular readers unfamiliar with religious register.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Messiah

  The Anointed One fulfilling OT promise.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Doctrine

  Messianic Promise

  The specific Jewish OT concept fulfilled exclusively in Jesus must not be flattened into a generic moral teacher, a real drift risk given widespread biblical illiteracy.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Glossary Term

  Mission

  Sweden has a substantial historical missionary-sending tradition (Svenska Missionsförbundet, missionaries to Congo, China) still culturally remembered, alongside some contemporary theological self-reflection on this history.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mission to the Nations

  Sweden's substantial historical missionary-sending tradition (Svenska Missionsförbundet) is still culturally remembered, with some contemporary theological self-reflection on this history.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mutual Edification

  Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Obedience of Faith

  Obedience flowing from faith, not works-based obedience earning standing before God, per Lutheran sola fide.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Obedience Of Faith

  Romans 1:5, 16:26.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Power Of God

  Sovereign, saving capability.

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Power of God for Salvation

  'Kraft' conveys sovereign capability.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Prophet

  God's spokesperson.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Resurrection

  Bodily, historical, once-for-all event; no competing reincarnation folk-concept in Swedish culture.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Resurrection of Christ

  Bodily, historical, once-for-all event; chief risk is secular naturalism reading it as metaphor.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: shared Lutheran Reformation-era doctrinal core; a right standing given and credited through faith, not human moral virtue ('dygd').

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Sainthood (Called to be Holy)

  Lower risk than in Catholic-majority countries in this batch given Sweden's Lutheran heritage, though the pre-Reformation cult of Sankta Birgitta keeps some canonized-saint association culturally present.

  ROM.1.7

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  HIGH RISK, distinctly Swedish: 'frälsning' is strongly associated with the Salvation Army brand and older revivalist preaching style, risking a dated or institutional reading rather than a live personal category.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  HIGH RISK, distinctly Swedish: 'frälsning' is strongly and almost exclusively associated in contemporary secular usage with the Frälsningsarmén (Salvation Army) as a charity brand, and with older revivalist ('väckelserörelse') preaching style, risking a dated/institutional reading rather than a live personal category for secular or lightly-churched readers.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Seed Of David

  The 1917 translation's literal 'av Davids säd' is now archaic; modern 'säd' primarily denotes grain/crop or clinical seed.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Separation unto God's Service

  Must not collapse into monastic withdrawal; biblical separation is devotion to God while remaining engaged in ordinary life.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  HIGH RISK, distinctly Swedish: colloquial 'synd' overwhelmingly means 'a pity/shame' ('så synd!', 'det är synd om honom') in everyday speech, arguably the dominant sense entirely, an even sharper version of the pan-Germanic sin-word-drift-to-pity pattern than in German or Dutch.

  ROM.1.18

• Glossary Term

  Son Of God

  CRITICAL: full phrase required, conveying eternal, unique Sonship.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Sonship of Christ

  CRITICAL: eternal, unique Sonship, not adoptive or metaphorical sonship as in ordinary 'barnaskap'.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Spiritual Gifts

  Pentecostal and cessationist-leaning Lutheran streams read gifts language differently; keep gifts explicitly grace-given, not natural talent.

  ROM.1.11

• Glossary Term

  Spiritual Gifts

  'Nådegåvor' (grace-gifts) ties the gifts explicitly to grace, the precise Lutheran/Reformed rendering.

  ROM.1.11

• Doctrine

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Glossary Term

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  HIGH RISK: universal guilt before God is directly undercut if 'synd' is read in its now-dominant colloquial sense of 'a pity/shame' rather than culpable moral transgression, arguably the sharpest version of this drift pattern among the languages in this batch.

  ROM.1.18

• Doctrine

  Universal Scope of the Gospel

  No ethnic or national barrier to the gospel; retain unqualified universality without softening.

  ROM.1.16