Passage
Romans 10
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Doctrine
Evangelism
Culturally sensitive given both Hindu-nationalist and communal concerns around conversion in Maharashtra; use language of proclamation and witness, not confrontation.
ROM.10.14-15
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Doctrine
Faith
Personal trust in Christ specifically; not the devotional reverence (bhakti/shraddha) a Warkari devotee directs toward Vitthal, nor confidence placed in a teaching or path as in Buddhist practice.
ROM.10.9-10, ROM.10.17
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Glossary Term
Faith
Personal trust in a specific object (Christ); श्रद्धा and भक्ति both carry devotional-reverence connotations from Warkari and broader bhakti practice that do not require a specific, exclusive object of trust.
ROM.10.9-10, ROM.10.17
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Doctrine
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Linear, one-time historical fulfillment; not the cyclical cosmic time of Hindu yuga cycles, nor the Buddhist wheel of dependent-origination (pratityasamutpada) in which no single historical moment carries unrepeatable, final significance.
ROM.10.11
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Glossary Term
Gentiles
Non-Jewish peoples; विदेशी (foreigners) is too narrowly national.
ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Gospel
शुभवर्तमान must be distinguished from any general positive announcement.
ROM.10.15-16
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Glossary Term
Gospel
Established Marathi Bible term (used as the traditional title for each of the four Gospels, e.g.
ROM.10.15-16
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Glossary Term
Intercession
Prayer on behalf of others; standard term.
ROM.10.1
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Glossary Term
Israel
Proper name; established form.
ROM.10.12
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Glossary Term
Jesus
येशू is the Marathi Christian standard; ईसा is associated with Muslim/Urdu usage.
ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12
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Glossary Term
Justification
Compound phrase required; a forensic declaration of right standing, never abbreviated to a single word.
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Glossary Term
Law
Torah/Mosaic law.
ROM.10.11
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Glossary Term
Lord
CRITICAL: In Romans 10:9 the confession 'Jesus is Lord' = येशू प्रभू आहे.
ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Lordship of Christ
CRITICAL: Romans 10:9's confession is of a living, presently reigning, exclusive Lord — not one more beloved personal deity alongside Vitthal within a devotee's bhakti practice.
ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Prayer and Intercession
Direct access to God in Christ's name; distinguish from bhakti puja/kirtan directed toward Vitthal and from Buddhist chanting or meditation practice, neither of which addresses a personal, listening God.
ROM.10.1
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Glossary Term
Prophecy
God-inspired declaration, distinct from astrological forecasting.
ROM.10.11
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Glossary Term
Righteousness
CRITICAL: never धर्म.
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Doctrine
Salvation
CRITICAL: never मोक्ष/मुक्ती (Warkari-Hindu liberation through bhakti) or निर्वाण (the Buddhist extinguishing of craving, an impersonal cessation of suffering rather than reconciliation with a personal God).
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Glossary Term
Salvation
CRITICAL: NEVER मोक्ष or मुक्ती (Warkari-Hindu liberation reached through bhakti devotion and Vitthal's grace) and NEVER निर्वाण (the Buddhist extinguishing of craving and suffering — an impersonal cessation, not reconciliation with a personal God).
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Doctrine
Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Directly challenges caste-based spiritual hierarchy; must be translated with full theological clarity, not softened.
ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Universal Scope of the Gospel
No caste or community barrier to the gospel — a claim with unusually direct resonance in Maharashtra, where mass conversion to escape caste hierarchy (the 1956 Ambedkarite Buddhist conversion) is recent living memory; retain the unqualified universality without softening.
ROM.10.12-13