Passage
Romans 1
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Glossary Term
Apostle
ဆရာတော်/ဆရာကြီး carry senior-monk connotations.
ROM.1.1
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Doctrine
Apostleship
Risk of reducing apostleship to a respected senior-monk (ဆရာတော်) style teaching role rather than a directly commissioned, authoritative sent-one.
ROM.1.1
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Glossary Term
Called
Context-sensitive: in 1:1 = called to apostleship; in 1:7 = called to be saints; in 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.
ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7
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Glossary Term
Calling
Never conflate with ကံဇာတာ (astrologically fixed fate/destiny), a common Burmese folk-religious frame for a person's life path.
ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7
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Doctrine
Christian Fellowship
Shared participation in Christ, not merely social association within a monastery-affiliated lay community.
ROM.1.12
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Glossary Term
Covenant
A relational, binding bond initiated by God; more than a negotiated agreement (သဘောတူညီချက်).
ROM.1.3
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Glossary Term
David
Established Myanmar Bible proper-name form.
ROM.1.3
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Doctrine
Davidic Covenant
Requires explicit OT background teaching; there is no analogous royal-line covenant concept in Burmese religious tradition.
ROM.1.3
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Doctrine
Deity of Christ
CRITICAL: Co-equal, eternal divine nature; not an enlightened human teacher elevated to a Brahma-realm deity through accumulated merit.
ROM.1.4
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Doctrine
Divine Calling
God's sovereign call must be distinguished from ကံဇာတာ (fixed karmic destiny) and from a revocable invitation a person can simply decline.
ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7
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Glossary Term
Exhort
Context-sensitive: use တောင်းပန်ခြင်း for entreaty and တိုက်တွန်းနှိုးဆော်ခြင်း for building up in encouragement.
ROM.1.12
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Doctrine
Faith
A cognate concept (သဒ္ဓါ, confidence built through verified experience of the Triple Gem) already exists, which lowers the risk of total incomprehension but requires care that faith is presented as trust in a person, not experiential confidence in a teaching.
ROM.1.17
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Glossary Term
Faith
Object of faith must always be specified as Christ, not left generic.
ROM.1.17
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Glossary Term
Fellowship
Shared participation in Christ, deeper than the social bond conveyed by ordinary friendship vocabulary.
ROM.1.12
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Doctrine
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Linear, one-time historical fulfillment (OT to NT), not the cyclical cosmology of repeating world-ages found in Buddhist cosmology.
ROM.1.2-4
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Glossary Term
Glory
ဘုန်း alone is ambiguous in everyday Burmese, doubling as the accumulated merit-power that elevates a monk's or king's standing (ဘုန်းကံ).
ROM.1.4
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Glossary Term
God
CRITICAL: ဘုရား alone (phaya) is the everyday word for a Buddha image, a pagoda, or the Buddha himself, and နတ်သခင် evokes the ranked nat-spirit pantheon.
ROM.1.4
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Doctrine
Gospel
Must be distinguished from any generic pleasant announcement.
ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16
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Glossary Term
Gospel
Established Myanmar Bible term meaning 'good news'.
ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16
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Doctrine
Humanity of Christ
Christ's humanity was fully real physical existence, not an illusory manifestation as sometimes implied in stories of miraculous or spirit-manifested births in Burmese folk narrative.
ROM.1.3
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Glossary Term
Imputed Righteousness
Righteousness credited by God, not earned.
ROM.1.16
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Doctrine
Incarnation
CRITICAL: The eternal Son permanently taking on human nature, once.
ROM.1.3
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Glossary Term
Incarnation
CRITICAL: NEVER use ဘုရားလောင်းအဖြစ်မွေးဖွားခြင်း (being born as a Buddha-to-be across the Jataka cycle of prior lives) or နတ်ဆင်းသက်ခြင်း (a nat spirit descending/possessing a person).
ROM.1.3
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Doctrine
Inspiration of Scripture
Distinguish God-breathed Scripture from the Tipitaka's authority, which rests on the Buddha's own enlightened insight rather than a personal God speaking through chosen human authors.
ROM.1.2
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Glossary Term
Jesus
Standard Myanmar Bible form since the Judson translation.
ROM.1.4
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Glossary Term
Justification
Compound phrase required; no single Burmese word carries the forensic sense.
ROM.1.16
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Glossary Term
Law
Mosaic Law.
ROM.1.2-4
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Glossary Term
Lord
In Romans 10:9 the confession 'Jesus is Lord' = ယေရှုသည် သခင်ဖြစ်တော်မူ၏.
ROM.1.4
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Doctrine
Lordship of Christ
CRITICAL: Romans 10:9's confession is the salvation-defining statement.
ROM.1.4
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Glossary Term
Messiah
CRITICAL: Never use မိတ္တေယျ (Metteyya, the future Buddha of Theravada expectation).
ROM.1.3-4
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Doctrine
Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: Must not be conflated with Theravada expectation of Metteyya (မိတ္တေယျ), the future Buddha.
ROM.1.3-4
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Glossary Term
Mission
သာသနာ specifically names the Buddha's own dispensation/religious institution (Sasana) in ordinary Burmese usage.
ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14
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Doctrine
Mission to the Nations
The word သာသနာပြု carries a Buddhist-institutional flavor (propagating the Buddha's Sasana); native-speaker review should confirm the surrounding context makes clear this is gospel proclamation, not Sasana-style institution-building.
ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14
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Doctrine
Mutual Edification
Building one another up in faith; minimal doctrinal risk.
ROM.1.12
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Doctrine
Obedience of Faith
Obedience that flows from faith, not precept-observance (သီလလိုက်နာခြင်း) performed to raise one's merit standing.
ROM.1.5
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Glossary Term
Obedience Of Faith
Romans 1:5 and 16:26.
ROM.1.5
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Glossary Term
Power Of God
God's own personal power to save.
ROM.1.16
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Doctrine
Power of God for Salvation
တန်ခိုးတော် required; never အနုဘော်တန်ခိုး, which evokes the supernatural potency ascribed to relics and amulets.
ROM.1.16
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Glossary Term
Prophecy
God-inspired declaration, distinct from astrological forecasting (ဗေဒင်).
ROM.1.2-4
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Glossary Term
Prophet
God's spokesperson; do not confuse with ဗေဒင်ဆရာ (astrologer/fortune-teller), a common and respected figure in Burmese folk practice.
ROM.1.2
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Glossary Term
Resurrection
CRITICAL: NEVER use ပဋိသန္ဓေတည်ခြင်း or ပြန်လည်မွေးဖွားခြင်း (rebirth into a new existence within the cycle of samsara).
ROM.1.4
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Doctrine
Resurrection of Christ
CRITICAL: Bodily, historical, once-for-all resurrection.
ROM.1.4
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Glossary Term
Righteousness
CRITICAL: Never use ကုသိုလ်ကံ (merit-karma) or သီလ (moral precepts kept for merit).
ROM.1.16
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Doctrine
Sainthood (Called to be Holy)
All believers are saints; not an ascetic elite comparable to a ရဟန္တာ (arahant) who has personally achieved enlightenment through monastic discipline.
ROM.1.7
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Doctrine
Salvation
CRITICAL: Never နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း (attaining nirvana).
ROM.1.16
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Glossary Term
Salvation
CRITICAL: NEVER use နိဗ္ဗာန်ရောက်ခြင်း (attaining nirvana/neikban, the Buddhist extinguishing of craving and escape from samsara).
ROM.1.16
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Glossary Term
Seed Of David
Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and fulfillment of the Davidic covenant promise.
ROM.1.3
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Doctrine
Separation unto God's Service
Must not be confused with becoming a monk (ရဟန်းပြု) or leaving lay life for a monastery.
ROM.1.1
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Glossary Term
Sin
Moral transgression against a personal God, not merely အကုသိုလ် (demerit, the negative counterpart of merit that lowers one's karmic account and next-rebirth prospects).
ROM.1.18
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Glossary Term
Son Of God
CRITICAL: Full phrase required.
ROM.1.4
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Doctrine
Sonship of Christ
CRITICAL: Eternal, unique Sonship, not a metaphorical title nor a ranked being within the nat-spirit hierarchy or Brahma cosmology.
ROM.1.4
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Doctrine
Spiritual Gifts
Spirit-given enablements for service, not merit-earned or occult powers such as those attributed to weizza (esoteric adept) practice.
ROM.1.11
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Glossary Term
Spiritual Gifts
Spirit-given enablements for service.
ROM.1.11
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Doctrine
Thanksgiving
Standard term; minor risk of collapsing into generic ritual merit-dedication (ကုသိုလ်ရှေးရေး) language.
ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21
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Glossary Term
Thanksgiving
Standard term; no significant doctrinal risk.
ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21
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Doctrine
Universal Human Accountability
All humanity stands equally guilty before a personal God, which must be retained without softening into a graded merit-scale where some are simply 'more advanced' than others.
ROM.1.18
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Doctrine
Universal Scope of the Gospel
No ethnic or social barrier to the gospel; must retain unqualified universality despite Burma's own ethnic-majority/minority tensions surrounding Buddhist national identity.
ROM.1.16