Passage

Romans 1

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Established, unambiguous term.

  ROM.1.1

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Apostol is unambiguous and consistent across Hungarian Christian traditions.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Called

  Context-sensitive: Romans 1:1 (called to apostleship), 1:7 (called to be saints), 8:28-30 (effectual calling).

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Calling

  CRITICAL: Hungarian Reformed theology has a specific, technical Calvinist category, 'ellenállhatatlan kegyelem/elhívás' (irresistible grace/calling), taught in Hungarian Reformed seminaries (Debrecen, Sárospatak).

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Doctrine

  Christian Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; standard, low-risk term across traditions.

  ROM.1.12

• Glossary Term

  Covenant

  CRITICAL for the Reformed-reading half of this Language Package's audience: Hungarian Reformed theology has a fully developed federal/covenant theology (szövetségi teológia — covenant of works, covenant of grace) as a major systematic framework; Catholic Hungarian tradition does not use this same systematic covenant framework.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  David

  Standard proper name.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Davidic Covenant

  Requires explicit Old Testament background (2 Samuel 7); no analogous concept assumed outside biblical literacy.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Deity of Christ

  CRITICAL: co-equal divine nature, affirmed identically by both Catholic and Reformed Hungarian traditions; risk is simplification, not internal division.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Divine Calling

  God's sovereign call must be translated to Paul's own argument without silently adopting the Reformed technical category of 'irresistible calling' or the Catholic synergistic alternative as the default reading.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Exhort

  Standard term.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ; the word itself is unambiguous but carries different theological weight depending on the reader's Reformed (sola fide) or Catholic (faith plus cooperating works) formation.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; standard term across traditions.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (Old Testament to New Testament); low risk across both traditions, though OT background may need reinforcement for less catechized readers.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Glory

  God's radiant honor and presence; standard usage.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  God

  Standard and unambiguous.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Gospel

  Must be distinguished from a generic uplifting message; the gospel is the specific proclamation of salvation through Christ crucified and risen, held in common by Catholic and Reformed Hungarian traditions alike.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Gospel

  Standard term shared by Catholic and Reformed (Református) Hungarian Bibles alike.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Humanity of Christ

  Real physical human nature; shared, low-risk doctrine across traditions.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Incarnation

  Shared, orthodox doctrine across Catholic and Reformed Hungarian traditions; primary risk is simplification rather than internal doctrinal division.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  Incarnation

  Standard, unambiguous term shared across Hungarian Catholic and Reformed Bibles; no significant syncretism risk in Hungarian culture.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Inspiration of Scripture

  Reformed tradition (sola scriptura) holds Scripture as uniquely and sufficiently authoritative; Catholic tradition holds Scripture and Sacred Tradition jointly authoritative.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Jesus

  Standard across all Hungarian Bible traditions; no variant-form risk.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  CRITICAL: the Hungarian Reformed tradition, following Károli Gáspár's foundational 1590 Vizsolyi Biblia and Calvinist theology, reads 'megigazulás' as a forensic, once-for-all declaration received by faith alone (sola fide); Catholic tradition reads it, per Trent, as a process of infused, merit-cooperated transformation.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Law

  The Mosaic law/Torah.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Lord

  CRITICAL: Romans 10:9's confession requires exclusive, supreme lordship.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Lordship of Christ

  CRITICAL: Romans 10:9's confession requires exclusive, supreme lordship over the whole of life.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Messiah

  CRITICAL: the unique, Old Testament-promised Anointed One fulfilled exclusively in Jesus.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Doctrine

  Messianic Promise

  CRITICAL: the unique, Old Testament-promised Anointed One fulfilled exclusively in Jesus, affirmed identically by both Catholic and Reformed Hungarian traditions.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Glossary Term

  Mission

  Standard term.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mission to the Nations

  Standard term; low colonial-connotation risk, but requires OT/mission-history background many culturally Christian but non-catechized readers may lack.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mutual Edification

  Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Obedience of Faith

  Obedience flowing from faith, not law-compliance considered independently of faith; both Reformed 'third use of the law' theology and Catholic precept-observance culture must be taught to keep this distinction clear.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Obedience Of Faith

  Romans 1:5 and 16:26.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Power Of God

  Standard, unambiguous rendering.

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Power of God for Salvation

  Standard, unambiguous rendering.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration; standard term.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Prophet

  God's spokesperson; standard term.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Resurrection

  CRITICAL: bodily, historical, once-for-all resurrection; standard and unambiguous across all Hungarian Christian traditions, with no rival-religion confusion.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Resurrection of Christ

  CRITICAL: bodily, historical, once-for-all resurrection, affirmed identically across Hungarian Christian traditions with no rival-religion confusion.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: right standing before God granted through faith.

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Sainthood (Called to be Holy)

  Every believer is called 'szent' in Romans 1:7; Catholic popular piety venerates canonized szentek, while the Hungarian Reformed tradition historically and explicitly rejects saint veneration.

  ROM.1.7

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: standard term across traditions, but the assurance surrounding it differs sharply between Reformed perseverance-of-the-saints doctrine and Catholic ongoing uncertainty pending final perseverance and purgatorial purification.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: standard term across traditions, but assurance around it differs sharply.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Seed Of David

  Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and covenant fulfillment.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Separation unto God's Service

  Low risk of conflation with a specialized religious class; both Catholic and Reformed traditions generally apply this to every believer's devoted service.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  Moral transgression before a personal God; standard and well understood across traditions.

  ROM.1.18

• Glossary Term

  Son Of God

  CRITICAL: full phrase required.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Sonship of Christ

  CRITICAL: eternal, unique Sonship, not the adoptive 'Isten gyermekei' sense Romans 8 applies to believers.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Spiritual Gifts

  Spirit-given enablements for the church across the whole congregation; both major Hungarian traditions read this cautiously compared to Pentecostal/Charismatic traditions, a smaller presence in Hungary.

  ROM.1.11

• Glossary Term

  Spiritual Gifts

  Reformed and Catholic Hungarian traditions both generally read spiritual gifts cautiously compared to Pentecostal/Charismatic traditions, a smaller presence in Hungary; ensure gifts are read as Spirit-distributed enablements per Romans 12, neither reduced to a charismatic-only framework nor dismissed as cessationist without textual basis.

  ROM.1.11

• Doctrine

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term; minimal risk.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Glossary Term

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  All humanity equally guilty before God; retain unqualified universal language, affirmed identically across Hungarian Christian traditions.

  ROM.1.18

• Doctrine

  Universal Scope of the Gospel

  No ethnic or national barrier to the gospel; retain unqualified universal language across both Catholic and Reformed readings.

  ROM.1.16