Intercession

CRITICAL: Marian devotion in Poland is exceptionally intense, centered on the Black Madonna of Częstochowa (Jasna Góra), the national shrine, and reinforced by John Paul II’s personal Marian consecration (‘Totus Tuus’). Romans 8:26-27, 34 describe the Spirit and Christ interceding directly; this curriculum should not argue against requesting others’ prayers, but must not let ‘wstawiennictwo’ default to Marian or saintly mediation as the primary or necessary model of intercession before God.