Passage

Romans 11

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Established, unambiguous term.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Apostoł is unambiguous and consistent across Polish Christian traditions.

  ROM.11.13

• Doctrine

  Effectual Calling

  God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the called; avoid collapsing into fatalistic vernacular notions of 'los' or 'przeznaczenie.'

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Election

  God's sovereign personal choice; avoid fatalistic 'przeznaczenie/los' framing.

  ROM.11.29

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Unlike English 'Gentiles,' which is religiously neutral, the standard Polish rendering 'poganie' literally means 'pagans,' carrying a stronger negative charge than the Greek ethnē or English 'Gentiles.' Ensure the negative connotation does not overstate the text where the more neutral sense 'nations' (narody) is intended.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Unmerited favor received by faith.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  As in other Catholic-majority contexts, historic catechesis frames łaska as infused and increased through sacramental participation and merit.

  ROM.11.5-6

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Standard proper name.

  ROM.11.17-24

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  CRITICAL: as in other historically Catholic contexts, the Council of Trent's teaching of infused, merit-cooperated righteousness stands in tension with the Reformation's forensic 'declared righteous' reading reflected in Polish Protestant Bibles.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive care; avoid the fatalistic vernacular framing of 'los' or 'przeznaczenie.'

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Providence

  God's personal, purposive governance; avoid fatalistic 'los/przeznaczenie' framing.

  ROM.11.33-36

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: right standing before God granted through faith, not merit accumulated through religious practice or ritual observance.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: reconciliation with a personal God received by faith, not a status assumed automatically through sacramental participation or through belonging to a historically Catholic nation.

  ROM.11.11

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: reconciliation with God received by faith, not a status assumed automatically through sacramental participation (baptism, First Communion, confession) or through belonging to a historically Catholic nation.

  ROM.11.11

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Must be translated with full theological clarity; Poland's complex Jewish-Christian history gives this doctrine particular pastoral weight and sensitivity.

  ROM.11.17-24