Doctrine Analysis
Doctrine Analysis
This Language Package’s doctrine_risk_registry.json tracks 40 doctrines across Romans 1–16, each assigned a risk tier that drives Phase 2 review routing.
Risk tier summary
| Tier | Count | Review routing | Example doctrines |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical | 7 | Human theologian, every occurrence | Salvation, Incarnation, Deity of Christ, Sonship of Christ, Resurrection of Christ, Lordship of Christ, Messianic Promise |
| High | 22 | Human theologian | Gospel, Divine Calling, Grace, Faith, Sanctification, Universal Scope of the Gospel, Unity of Jews and Gentiles |
| Medium | 8 | Native speaker review | Apostleship, Prayer and Intercession, Spiritual Gifts, Mission to the Nations, Evangelism |
| Low | 3 | Automated review only | Thanksgiving, Mutual Edification, Christian Fellowship |
Why Critical doctrines cluster where they do
Six of the seven Critical-risk doctrines share a property not seen elsewhere in this pipeline: each has two independent, well-developed wrong answers available in everyday Bengali — one drawn from Hindu tradition (avatar, moksha/mukti, reincarnation) and one drawn from Islamic theology (Isa as prophet only, denial of the crucifixion, najat through submission and deeds). A translation that successfully dodges one wrong answer can still land on the other.
Review routing rationale
Critical and High risk doctrines (29 of 40) require mandatory human theologian review because an automated or native-speaker-only check could confirm the Bengali is fluent to a Hindu-background reader without checking whether it also reads correctly to a Muslim-background reader, or vice versa. Native speaker review is sufficient for Medium-risk doctrines, where the concern is cultural and social sensitivity (e.g. evangelism tone in Bangladesh) rather than doctrinal contradiction.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Deity of Christ
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টের ঈশ্বরত্ব
Key terms: son of God, declared son, God over all
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: co-equal divine nature. This is the sharpest point of departure from both Hindu (Christ as one avatar) and Muslim (Christ as prophet only) readers, and must never be softened.
Incarnation
Bengali name: দেহধারণ
Key terms: flesh, seed of David, son born, came in flesh
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: the eternal Son permanently assuming human nature. Never অবতার (a Hindu deity’s temporary, repeatable descent). দেহধারণ must be used.
Lordship of Christ
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টের প্রভুত্ব
Key terms: lord, lord jesus, jesus is lord
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: Romans 10:9’s confession is the salvation confession. Exclusive, supreme Lordship, not one honorific among several religious teachers.
Messianic Promise
Bengali name: মশীহি প্রতিশ্রুতি
Key terms: messiah, christ, anointed, promised
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: a specific Jewish Old Testament promise fulfilled exclusively in Jesus. Must not collapse into the Islamic framework of Isa as one prophet among many, nor the Hindu framework of one avatar among many.
Resurrection of Christ
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টের পুনরুত্থান
Key terms: raised, resurrection, from the dead, raised from death
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: bodily, historical, once-for-all resurrection. পুনরুত্থান not পুনর্জন্ম, and must also be distinguished from the Islamic denial that Jesus died on the cross at all.
Salvation
Bengali name: পরিত্রাণ
Key terms: salvation, saved, save, deliverance
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: never মুক্তি, মোক্ষ, or নাজাত. Salvation is reconciliation with a personal God through Christ, not liberation from the rebirth cycle nor deliverance earned through Islamic submission and weighed deeds.
Sonship of Christ
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টের পুত্রত্ব
Key terms: son of God, his son, God’s son
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: eternal, unique Sonship, not biological descent. Muslim-background readers frequently hear “Son of God” as a literal biological claim, which Islam forcefully rejects; a translator note clarifying the relational, not biological, sense is often required.
High Risk Doctrines
Adoption into God’s Family
Bengali name: ঈশ্বরের পরিবারে দত্তকপুত্রতা
Key terms: adoption, spirit of adoption, sons, children of God, abba
Review routing: Human theologian
Full son-status with complete inheritance rights. Guard against a reading shaped by traditional Bengali family hierarchy, where an adopted child could be assumed to hold lower status than a biological heir.
Assurance of Salvation
Bengali name: পরিত্রাণের নিশ্চয়তা
Key terms: nothing can separate, who shall separate, no condemnation, more than conquerors
Review routing: Human theologian
Assurance rests in God’s unchanging character, not karmic uncertainty about a future rebirth nor the orthodox Islamic position that one’s final judgment outcome cannot be known with certainty before death.
Christian Identity in Christ
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টে খ্রীষ্টীয় পরিচয়
Key terms: in Christ, in Christ Jesus, united with Christ, dead to sin alive to God
Review routing: Human theologian
Identity located in union with Christ, not in inherited caste, religious community of birth, or family honor status — a high-stakes claim in a region where religious identity is usually inherited and communal rather than individually chosen.
Davidic Covenant
Bengali name: দাউদীয় নিয়ম
Key terms: seed of David, David, covenant
Review routing: Human theologian
Requires Old Testament background explanation. Bengali Muslims also venerate Dawud as a prophet-king, but without the covenantal-promise dimension Romans’ argument depends on.
Divine Calling
Bengali name: ঈশ্বরের আহ্বান
Key terms: called, calling
Review routing: Human theologian
God’s sovereign call must be distinguished from Sufi-inflected notions of a mystical spiritual calling and from a Hindu soul’s dharma-path unfolding.
Effectual Calling
Bengali name: কার্যকর আহ্বান
Key terms: called, calling, election, chosen
Review routing: Human theologian
God’s sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the called; not karma-determined destiny, nor an impersonal decree divorced from relationship.
Faith
Bengali name: বিশ্বাস
Key terms: faith, believe, belief, trust
Review routing: Human theologian
Personal trust in Christ, not creedal affirmation of tawhid (ঈমান) or generalized devotional reverence (শ্রদ্ধা).
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Bengali name: ভাববাণীর পূর্ণতা
Key terms: prophecy, promised, foretold, scriptures say
Review routing: Human theologian
Linear historical fulfillment (Old Testament to New Testament), not the cyclical cosmic ages of Hindu cosmology.
Gospel
Bengali name: সুসমাচার
Key terms: gospel, good news
Review routing: Human theologian
Must be distinguished from ইঞ্জিল (the Qur’anic term for a presumed lost scripture) and from generic positive announcements. The gospel is the unique proclamation of salvation through Christ crucified and risen.
Grace
Bengali name: অনুগ্রহ
Key terms: grace, unmerited, gift, given freely
Review routing: Human theologian
Unmerited favor contradicts both a Hindu karma-merit accounting framework and an Islamic salvation-by-weighed-deeds framework; must always reinforce “apart from human merit.”
Humanity of Christ
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টের মানবতা
Key terms: born of the seed of David, flesh, human
Review routing: Human theologian
Real, physical human nature, not an illusion (as in some Hindu readings) and not the purely prophetic, non-crucified appearance Islamic Christology holds.
Inspiration of Scripture
Bengali name: পবিত্রশাস্ত্রের প্রেরণা
Key terms: scriptures, holy scriptures, prophets
Review routing: Human theologian
Distinguish God-breathed Scripture, written in each human author’s own voice, from the Islamic doctrine of the Qur’an’s verbal dictation and from the Hindu concept of shruti heard by sages.
Obedience of Faith
Bengali name: বিশ্বাসের বাধ্যতা
Key terms: obedience of faith, obedience, faith-produced obedience
Review routing: Human theologian
Obedience that flows from faith, not works-based religious duty that earns standing before God.
Peace with God
Bengali name: ঈশ্বরের সাথে শান্তি
Key terms: peace with God, peace, peace through justification
Review routing: Human theologian
Relational, covenantal peace secured through justification, not Sufi-mystical inner tranquility or meditative calm.
Power of God for Salvation
Bengali name: পরিত্রাণের জন্য ঈশ্বরের সামর্থ্য
Key terms: power of God, God’s power
Review routing: Human theologian
সামর্থ্য required, never শক্তি. Bengal is the historic heartland of Shakta Hinduism (Durga and Kali worship), so শক্তি carries an unusually strong goddess-power association here.
Providence
Bengali name: ঈশ্বরের পরিচালনা
Key terms: all things work together, God works, foreknew, predestined, called, justified, glorified
Review routing: Human theologian
God’s personal, purposive care, not fate (নিয়তি/ভাগ্য) and not an impersonal predetermination read apart from relationship with God.
Sainthood (Called to be Holy)
Bengali name: পবিত্র লোকদের আহ্বান
Key terms: saints, holy ones, called to be holy
Review routing: Human theologian
All believers are পবিত্র লোক, not an ascetic elite. This curriculum deliberately departs from the older Bengali Bible’s সাধুগণ rendering, which evokes a Hindu or Jain wandering ascetic.
Sanctification
Bengali name: পবিত্রীকরণ
Key terms: sanctification, holiness, set apart, holy living
Review routing: Human theologian
The Spirit’s ongoing work of making believers holy, not Hindu ritual purification (shuddhi) or Islamic ritual cleanliness (taharah).
Separation unto God’s Service
Bengali name: ঈশ্বরের সেবার জন্য পৃথককৃত
Key terms: set apart, separated, holy
Review routing: Human theologian
Must not be confused with Hindu sannyasa (world-renunciation) or Sufi ascetic withdrawal. Biblical separation is devotion to God while remaining fully engaged in ordinary life.
Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Bengali name: ইহুদি ও পরজাতিদের একতা
Key terms: Jew and Gentile, no distinction, one body, olive tree
Review routing: Human theologian
Directly challenges caste and communal-identity hierarchy; must be translated with full theological clarity, not softened into vague tolerance language.
Universal Human Accountability
Bengali name: সার্বজনীন মানবিক দায়বদ্ধতা
Key terms: all have sinned, no one is righteous, no distinction, all are accountable
Review routing: Human theologian
All humanity equally guilty before God undermines both caste-based spiritual hierarchy and the assumption that religious-community membership alone confers safety. Retain universal language without softening.
Universal Scope of the Gospel
Bengali name: সুসমাচারের সার্বজনীন ব্যাপ্তি
Key terms: everyone who believes, all who call, no distinction, Jew and Gentile
Review routing: Human theologian
No caste, class, or religious-community barrier to the gospel; especially pointed where Hindu caste residue and Hindu/Muslim communal identity lines both still shape social status.
Medium Risk Doctrines
Apostleship
Bengali name: প্রেরিতত্ব
Key terms: apostle
Review routing: Native speaker review
Risk of reducing apostleship to a generic spiritual-guide role resembling a Sufi pir or Hindu guru rather than an authorized, sent apostolic office.
Christ-Centered Ministry
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টকেন্দ্রিক সেবাকাজ
Key terms: what Christ has accomplished through me, in Christ Jesus, minister of Christ
Review routing: Native speaker review
Ministry done in Christ’s name, by his power, for his glory — not generic humanitarian relief divorced from the gospel, a real risk given how much Bengali Christian institutional presence is expressed through NGO-style development work.
Church as God’s People
Bengali name: ঈশ্বরের প্রজা রূপে মণ্ডলী
Key terms: body of Christ, one body, church, saints, assembly
Review routing: Native speaker review
New covenant community, not a caste-segregated assembly or a purely ritual institution.
Evangelism
Bengali name: সুসমাচার প্রচার
Key terms: preach, proclaim, evangelize, send, how will they hear
Review routing: Native speaker review
Culturally sensitive, particularly in Bangladesh where public proselytizing directed at Muslims carries real social and sometimes legal risk. Use language of witness and proclamation, not confrontation.
Kingdom Mission
Bengali name: রাজ্যের মিশন
Key terms: kingdom of God, righteousness peace and joy, advance the kingdom
Review routing: Native speaker review
God’s reign advancing through the gospel, not a political or territorial kingdom — a sensitive association to avoid in a religiously plural nation-state context.
Mission to the Nations
Bengali name: জাতিগণের প্রতি মিশন
Key terms: nations, gentiles, all peoples, to the ends of the earth
Review routing: Native speaker review
Open evangelistic mission language carries real social risk in Bangladesh’s Muslim-majority context and social friction in Hindu-majority West Bengal; tone requires native-speaker judgment.
Prayer and Intercession
Bengali name: প্রার্থনা ও মধ্যস্থতা
Key terms: prayer, intercession, pray, groan, spirit intercedes
Review routing: Native speaker review
Direct access to God in Christ’s name. Distinguish from Hindu puja ritual worship and from the shrine-based folk practice (common to both folk Islam and folk Catholicism in Bengal) of seeking intercession from a pir or saint’s tomb.
Spiritual Gifts
Bengali name: আত্মিক বর
Key terms: spiritual gift, gift, grace gift, measure of faith
Review routing: Native speaker review
Spirit-given enablements, not merit-earned powers or Hindu siddhi (supernatural yogic attainments).
Low Risk Doctrines
Christian Fellowship
Bengali name: খ্রীষ্টীয় সহভাগিতা
Key terms: fellowship, share, participate, community
Review routing: Automated review
Shared participation in Christ, not merely the social neighborhood-association bonds (para culture) common in Bengali community life.
Mutual Edification
Bengali name: পরস্পর উন্নতিসাধন
Key terms: build up, edify, encourage one another, strengthen
Review routing: Automated review
Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.
Thanksgiving
Bengali name: ধন্যবাদ
Key terms: thanksgiving, give thanks, grateful, thank God
Review routing: Automated review
Standard term. Minor risk of over-ritualization.
Referenced passages