Passage
Romans 9
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Glossary Term
Abba
Preserve the Aramaic transliteration in Romans 8:15.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Adoption
ਗੋਦ ਲੈਣਾ (the common word for adopting a child) can imply reduced status; ਦੱਤਕ ਪੁੱਤਰਤਾ emphasizes full son-status with complete inheritance rights.
ROM.9.4
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Doctrine
Adoption into God's Family
Full son-status with complete inheritance rights; guard against a lower-status reading of adopted children drawn from customary family practice.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Called
Context-sensitive: Romans 1:1 = called to apostleship; 1:7 = called to be saints; 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Calling
Noun form for the act or state of being called by God.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Covenant
Relational covenant bond, more than a legal agreement (ਸਮਝੌਤਾ).
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
David
Established Punjabi Bible proper-name form.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Davidic Covenant
Requires Old Testament background explanation; no analogous covenantal-promise concept exists in Sikh or Hindu tradition.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Deity of Christ
CRITICAL: co-equal divine nature.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Divine Calling
God's sovereign, personal call must be distinguished from a devotee's self-initiated spiritual seeking and from impersonal ਕਿਸਮਤ (fate).
ROM.9.11-12
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Doctrine
Effectual Calling
God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the called; distinguish from ਕਿਸਮਤ (impersonal fate) and from generic submission to divine order.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Election
God's sovereign, personal choice; never ਕਿਸਮਤ (fate), a Perso-Arabic loanword used constantly in everyday Punjabi regardless of the speaker's religion.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Father
God as personal Father.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Glory
God's radiant honor and presence.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
God
CRITICAL: NEVER use ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, despite it being the single most natural, warm, and common Punjabi word for God in daily Sikh speech.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
Messiah
Transliterated term, established across Punjabi Bible traditions.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: a specific Jewish Old Testament promise fulfilled exclusively in Jesus, not one of several avatars, prophets, or gurus in a lineage of divine messengers.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
Seed Of David
Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and fulfillment of the Old Testament covenant promise to David.
ROM.9.5