Passage
Romans 10
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Doctrine
Evangelism
Sensitive given the close tie between Thai national identity and Buddhism; use language of witness and proclamation, not confrontational or nationalistic framing.
ROM.10.14-15
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Doctrine
Faith
The cognate ศรัทธา (Buddhist devotional confidence) exists in Thai and lowers total incomprehension risk, but the object of faith must be clearly a person, Christ, not a set of teachings verified by practice.
ROM.10.9-10, ROM.10.17
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Glossary Term
Faith
Object of faith must always be specified as Christ.
ROM.10.9-10, ROM.10.17
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Doctrine
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Linear, one-time historical fulfillment (OT to NT), not the cyclical world-ages of Buddhist-Brahmanic cosmology.
ROM.10.11
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Glossary Term
Gentiles
Non-Jews; established term.
ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Gospel
Must be distinguished from any pleasant announcement (ข่าวดี).
ROM.10.15-16
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Glossary Term
Gospel
Established Thai Bible term meaning 'excellent news'.
ROM.10.15-16
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Glossary Term
Imputed Righteousness
Righteousness credited by God, not earned.
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Glossary Term
Intercession
Prayer on behalf of others addressed to God directly, not การบนบานศาลกล่าว (vowing/bargaining with a spirit shrine for favor), a common Thai folk-religious practice.
ROM.10.1
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Glossary Term
Israel
Proper name; established Thai Bible form.
ROM.10.12
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Glossary Term
Jesus
CRITICAL: Standard Thai Bible form.
ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12
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Glossary Term
Justification
Compound phrase required; no single Thai word carries the forensic sense.
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Glossary Term
Law
Mosaic Law.
ROM.10.11
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Glossary Term
Lord
CRITICAL: In Romans 10:9 the confession 'Jesus is Lord' = พระเยซูทรงเป็นองค์พระผู้เป็นเจ้า.
ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Lordship of Christ
CRITICAL: Romans 10:9's confession is the salvation-defining statement.
ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Prayer and Intercession
Direct access to God in Christ's name; distinguish from bon bok san klao (vow-making at spirit shrines) for favor or protection.
ROM.10.1
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Glossary Term
Prophecy
God-inspired declaration, distinct from horoscope-style fortune-telling (คำทำนายดวงชะตา).
ROM.10.11
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Glossary Term
Righteousness
CRITICAL: Never use บุญกุศล (merit and wholesome karma) or generic ความดี (goodness).
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Doctrine
Salvation
CRITICAL: Never การบรรลุนิพพาน (attaining nibbana).
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Glossary Term
Salvation
CRITICAL: NEVER use การบรรลุนิพพาน (attaining nibbana) or การหลุดพ้น (liberation from the cycle of rebirth).
ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10
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Doctrine
Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Challenges any notion that Thai-Buddhist identity carries inherent religious priority over ethnic or religious minorities; must be rendered with full theological clarity.
ROM.10.12
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Doctrine
Universal Scope of the Gospel
No ethnic, social, or class barrier to the gospel; must retain unqualified universality despite the strong link between Thai national identity and Buddhist religious identity.
ROM.10.12-13