Passage
Romans 8
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Glossary Term
Abba
Aramaic intimacy-term preserved as in Romans 8:15.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Glossary Term
Adoption
CRITICAL: Iranian civil law itself uses سرپرستی (sarparasti, custodianship/guardianship) rather than full adoption terminology specifically because Shia fiqh, like Sunni fiqh, follows the Quranic principle (33:4-5) that an adopted child does not take the adoptive father's lineage or full inheritance rights.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Doctrine
Adoption into God's Family
CRITICAL: Iranian civil law itself uses the weaker sarparasti (custodianship) rather than full adoption terminology, reflecting the same Quranic restriction (33:4-5) found across Sunni and Shia fiqh.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Doctrine
Assurance of Salvation
CRITICAL: mainstream Islamic piety treats certainty of one's own final salvation as presumptuous given the deeds-weighing framework; Romans 8's assurance, grounded in God's unchanging character, runs directly against this default and must be taught deliberately.
ROM.8.1, ROM.8.28-39
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Glossary Term
Called
Context-sensitive: in 1:1 = called to apostleship; in 1:7 = called to be saints; in 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Calling
Unlike Arabic da'wah, Persian da'vat is genuinely everyday vocabulary (inviting someone to dinner or a wedding) and carries less exclusively religious-missionary weight; still needs the direction of address (God calling a person, not a person inviting others) made explicit.
ROM.8.28-30
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Doctrine
Christian Identity in Christ
Identity located in union with Christ, distinct from national, ethnic, or religious identity markers that carry unusually high personal and social cost to depart from in the Iranian context.
ROM.8.1
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Doctrine
Divine Calling
Persian da'vat is genuinely everyday invitation-vocabulary, less exclusively religious-missionary than Arabic da'wah; still needs the direction of address (God calling a person) made explicit.
ROM.8.28-30
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Doctrine
Effectual Calling
Shia Islam's Imamate doctrine of specific divine appointment can serve as a bridge concept, but its lineage-based, ongoing-office content must not be imported onto Romans 9's election to salvation through faith.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Election
Unlike Sunni qadar-fatalism, Shia Islam has its own robust doctrine of specific divine election - God appointing Ali and his descendants as the Imamate's infallible successors.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Father
CRITICAL: shares Arabic's tawhid-anthropomorphism objection to Father-language for God.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Doctrine
Incarnation
CRITICAL: shares Arabic's tawhid objection.
ROM.8.3
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Glossary Term
Incarnation
CRITICAL: shares Arabic's tawhid-denial problem.
ROM.8.3
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Glossary Term
Intercession
CRITICAL: shafa'at is far more developed and popularly central in Twelver Shia piety than in Sunni Arabic contexts - entire annual Muharram mourning rituals and shrine pilgrimage practices are built around seeking the Imams', especially Hussein's, intercession.
ROM.8.26-27
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Glossary Term
Peace
آرامش (aramesh) is the word Iran's popular wellness/self-help culture uses heavily for secular inner calm and stress relief; using it here risks reading Romans 5:1's relational, legal peace as a mindfulness/therapeutic state rather than a standing secured through justification.
ROM.8.6
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Doctrine
Peace with God
Relational, legal peace secured through justification - not the secular wellness-culture 'aramesh' sense of stress relief or mindfulness.
ROM.8.6
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Doctrine
Prayer and Intercession
CRITICAL: shafa'at is unusually central and popularly practiced in Twelver Shia devotion (Muharram mourning rituals, shrine pilgrimage seeking the Imams' intercession).
ROM.8.26-27
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Doctrine
Providence
God's personal, purposive care; keep distinct from folk qadar fatalism.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Providence
Leans toward wise divine governance rather than raw fatalistic decree; still keep distinct from folk qadar-style fatalism.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Resurrection
CRITICAL: shares the Quran's crucifixion-denial problem (4:157) with Arabic.
ROM.8.11
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Doctrine
Resurrection of Christ
CRITICAL: shares the Quran's crucifixion-denial (4:157) with Arabic; Shia eschatology's Mahdi-centered expectation further subordinates Jesus's own resurrection and return to a supporting role at the Hidden Imam's reappearance.
ROM.8.11
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Glossary Term
Son Of God
CRITICAL: 'برگزیده خدا' ('God's Chosen One') is the actual softened rendering used by the controversial Hezare No (New Millennium) Persian NT translation to reduce offense; it provoked significant backlash within the Iranian Protestant and house-church community, most of which continued using the literal پسر خدا from the older Tarjome Ghadeem and Mojdeh translations.
ROM.8.3, ROM.8.29
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Doctrine
Sonship of Christ
CRITICAL: the Hezare No Persian NT translation's softened 'God's Chosen One' rendering, which provoked significant backlash within Iranian Protestant circles, is a documented cautionary precedent; this doctrine must be taught using the literal, historically established پسر خدا.
ROM.8.3, ROM.8.29