Adoption

CRITICAL: Iranian civil law itself uses سرپرستی (sarparasti, custodianship/guardianship) rather than full adoption terminology specifically because Shia fiqh, like Sunni fiqh, follows the Quranic principle (33:4-5) that an adopted child does not take the adoptive father’s lineage or full inheritance rights. سرپرستی is explicitly rejected here as even weaker than فرزندخواندگی; Romans 8’s full inheritance must be taught against this real, current legal-religious default.