Passage

Romans 1

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Established Konkani/Marathi Christian term (distinct spelling from Hindi's प्रेरित) for an authorized, sent-out messenger.

  ROM.1.1

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Risk: reducing apostleship to a generic guru-disciple religious-authority role, a structure prominent in Goan Hindu devotional practice.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Called

  Context-sensitive: in 1:1, called to apostleship; in 1:7, called to be saints; in 8:28-30, effectual calling to salvation.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Calling

  Noun form for the act/state of being called by God; shares its verb root with 'called' for consistency.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Doctrine

  Christian Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ, not merely social or caste-community association.

  ROM.1.12

• Glossary Term

  Covenant

  करार is the established Konkani/Marathi Bible term for covenant (as in 'जुनो करार'/'नवो करार', Old/New Testament), distinct from Hindi's वाचा.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  David

  Established Konkani/Marathi Bible proper-name spelling, distinct from Hindi's दाऊद.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Davidic Covenant

  Requires explicit Old Testament background explanation; no analogous royal-lineage covenant concept exists in regional Hindu tradition.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Deity of Christ

  CRITICAL: Co-equal divine nature, not divine promotion or an elevated devotee/avatar-figure.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Divine Calling

  God's sovereign call must be distinguished from human religious seeking and from karma/fate-determined destiny (नशीब/प्रारब्ध), both common in Goan Hindu religious idiom.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Exhort

  Context-sensitive: use विनवणी (entreaty) for beseeching; उत्तेजन देणें (give encouragement) for building up.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ specifically, not generalized devotional reverence (भक्ती) toward any chosen temple deity.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  Personal trust in a specific object (Christ), not generalized devotional reverence.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; इश्टागत (friendship) and समाज (society) are both too generic for this theological sense.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (OT to NT), not the cyclical cosmic pattern of repeated avatar-descent found in Goan temple devotional narrative.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Glory

  God's radiant presence and honor.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  God

  CRITICAL AND UNUSUAL: देव is the established Konkani/Marathi Bible term for God, but unlike Hindi's परमेश्वर (chosen specifically to avoid deity-multiplicity ambiguity), देव is the same generic word Goan Hindu practice uses for any individual deity (Shantadurga dev, Mangueshi dev, Mahalasa dev).

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Gospel

  Must be distinguished from ordinary good news.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Gospel

  Established Konkani/Marathi-family Bible term (distinct from Hindi's सुसमाचार).

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Humanity of Christ

  Real, physical human nature, not a temporary divine appearance as in some Puranic avatar narratives.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Incarnation

  CRITICAL: The eternal Son permanently assuming human nature, once.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  Incarnation

  CRITICAL: NEVER अवतार.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Inspiration of Scripture

  Distinguish God-breathed Scripture from the Puranic literary tradition Goan Hindus and, historically, Konkani Catholics both drew on -- notably Thomas Stephens' 1616 Kristapurana, which deliberately presented the Gospel narrative using Puranic poetic conventions (ovi meter) to reach a Hindu audience.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Jesus

  Established Devanagari Konkani/Marathi Bible form.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  Compound phrase required; no single Konkani word carries the forensic 'declared righteous' sense.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Law

  Torah/Mosaic law.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Lord

  Established term.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Lordship of Christ

  CRITICAL: Romans 10:9 -- 'Jesus is Lord' is the salvation confession.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Messiah

  Transliterated term.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Doctrine

  Messianic Promise

  CRITICAL: Messiah is a specific Jewish Old Testament concept fulfilled exclusively in Jesus.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Glossary Term

  Mission

  Describes the activity plainly.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mission to the Nations

  Cultural sensitivity is unusually high here: Goa's history includes coercive conversion under the Portuguese-era Goa Inquisition (established 1560), including temple destruction.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mutual Edification

  Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Obedience of Faith

  Obedience flowing from faith, not duty-based religious compliance that earns standing.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Obedience Of Faith

  Romans 1:5 and 16:26.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Power Of God

  Use सामर्थ्य; never शक्ती, which in Goa carries especially strong Shakta-goddess associations given the prominence of Shantadurga and Mahalasa worship in local Hindu practice.

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Power of God for Salvation

  सामर्थ्य required; never शक्ती, which carries strong Shakta-goddess associations given Goa's prominent Shantadurga and Mahalasa worship traditions.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration, distinct from astrological prediction (भविष्यफळ).

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Prophet

  Established Konkani/Marathi Bible term for God's spokesperson (distinct from Hindi's भविष्यद्वक्ता); distinguish from an astrologer/fortune-teller (ज्योतिषी).

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Resurrection

  CRITICAL: NEVER पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation within the rebirth cycle).

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Resurrection of Christ

  CRITICAL: Bodily, once-for-all resurrection.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: Never धर्म (cosmic/social duty).

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Sainthood (Called to be Holy)

  All believers are saints; not an elite category of Varkari-tradition bhakti-poets (संत).

  ROM.1.7

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: Never मुक्ती or मोक्ष.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: NEVER मुक्ती or मोक्ष -- both carry the Hindu liberation-from-rebirth meaning shared across Goan Hindu Shaiva, Shakta, and Vaishnava practice.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Seed Of David

  Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and OT covenant fulfillment.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Separation unto God's Service

  Must not be confused with world-renunciation (sannyasa) associated with regional Hindu ascetic practice.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  Moral transgression before a personal God, distinguished from ritual impurity (अशुद्धता) and from an impersonal karmic debt.

  ROM.1.18

• Glossary Term

  Son Of God

  CRITICAL: full phrase required, using the Konkani masculine possessive -चो (distinct from Marathi -चा/Hindi -का).

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Sonship of Christ

  CRITICAL: Eternal, unique Sonship, not metaphorical or adoptive sonship.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Spiritual Gifts

  Spirit-given enablements, not merit-earned boons (वरदान) granted for austerity or devotion.

  ROM.1.11

• Glossary Term

  Spiritual Gifts

  वरदान alone carries the Puranic sense of a boon granted for austerity or devotion; always pair with आत्मिक (spiritual) to mark it as Spirit-given, not earned.

  ROM.1.11

• Doctrine

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Glossary Term

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term; उपकारस्तुती (thanks-and-praise) is an available liturgical-register alternative but धन्यवाद is preferred for this curriculum's reading level.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  All humanity equally guilty before God undermines caste-based spiritual hierarchy.

  ROM.1.18

• Doctrine

  Universal Scope of the Gospel

  No caste or community barrier to the gospel.

  ROM.1.16