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Glossary Term

Risk: Critical
Approved rendering
하나님
Transliteration
Hananim
Rejected alternatives
하느님, 천주, 산신령

God

CRITICAL: this package standardizes on 하나님 (Protestant usage, popularized through the late-19th-century Korean Bible translation tradition, built on 하나 ‘one’ plus the honorific 님, emphasizing explicit monotheism). NEVER substitute 하느님 (Haneunim), the Catholic and general-secular term, more etymologically neutral toward Korea’s pre-Christian folk sky-god concept tied to the Dangun founding myth (Hwanin, the heavenly father-god); this package uses 하나님 not because 하느님 is wrong but for Protestant curriculum consistency and its built-in monotheistic emphasis. NEVER use 천주 (Cheonju, ‘Lord of Heaven,’ the Korean Catholic term parallel to Chinese 天主). NEVER use 산신령 (a mountain spirit-deity from Korean shamanism/folk religion) or treat 하나님 as one of many spirits (신, sin) in the shamanistic pantheon.

Referenced passages