Passage
Romans 9
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Glossary Term
Abba
Aramaic term of intimacy preserved untranslated in Romans 8:15.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Adoption
Anak angkat (adopted child) is a culturally comfortable, unstigmatized concept in Malay society, which gives this doctrine an unusually low-friction cultural bridge compared to most terms in this package.
ROM.9.4
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Doctrine
Adoption into God's Family
A legal-relational status change with full inheritance rights.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Called
Context-sensitive: in 1:1 = called to apostleship; in 1:7 = called to be saints; in 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Calling
Noun form for the act/state of being called by God.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Covenant
Perjanjian (also used for Perjanjian Lama/Perjanjian Baru, Old/New Testament) is the established relational-covenant term.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
David
Established Alkitab proper name, recognizable from the Qur'anic Dawud, though the Qur'an presents him as a prophet-king without the messianic covenant content Romans assumes.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Davidic Covenant
The Qur'anic Dawud is a prophet-king; the specific covenant promise of an eternal royal line fulfilled in the Messiah has no Islamic parallel, though Malay royal-lineage tradition (salasilah diraja) gives dynastic descent claims real cultural resonance to build on.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Deity of Christ
CRITICAL: The single most direct collision with tawhid.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Divine Calling
God's sovereign call must be distinguished from takdir-style impersonal fate and from a merely optional religious invitation one may decline without consequence to God's purpose.
ROM.9.11-12
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Doctrine
Effectual Calling
God's sovereign, personal call that secures the salvation of the called, distinguished from takdir-style impersonal predetermination.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Election
God's sovereign, personal choosing for salvation.
ROM.9.11-12
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Glossary Term
Father
CRITICAL: Calling God 'Father' can register as implying literal offspring, which tawhid forbids.
ROM.9.4
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Glossary Term
Glory
God's radiant honor and majesty.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
God
CRITICAL: Malay Christians have used Allah for God since the earliest Malay Bible translations (from 1629), and it remains the term used in the Alkitab today, particularly established among Christians in Sabah and Sarawak.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
Messiah
CRITICAL: Established Alkitab usage (Yesus Kristus) deliberately uses the Greek/English-derived Kristus rather than the Qur'anic Al-Masih title, precisely to avoid the appearance of adopting an Islamic-vocabulary ('Insider Movement'-style) translation strategy that has been a significant point of controversy in Malay/Indonesian Bible translation circles.
ROM.9.5
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Doctrine
Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: The Qur'an grants Isa the al-Masih title but strips it of the OT king-priest-savior content Paul assumes.
ROM.9.5
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Glossary Term
Seed Of David
Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and fulfillment of the Davidic covenant promise.
ROM.9.5