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Biblical Theme Map

Biblical Theme Map

Romans develops a small number of major themes across its sixteen chapters. Mapping where each theme appears helps keep terminology consistent across a curriculum that will be taught and translated lesson by lesson rather than as one continuous document.

Theme progression

  1. Universal need (1:18-3:20) — every person, Jew and Gentile alike, stands guilty before God. Key terms: sin (dosa), universal accountability, resisting the fitrah (born-sinless) assumption.
  2. Justification by faith (3:21-4:25) — righteousness credited through faith, grounded in Abraham. Key terms: righteousness (kebenaran), justification (diperbenarkan), grace (kasih kurnia), faith (iman).
  3. New life in Christ (5:1-8:39) — peace with God, union with Christ, life in the Spirit, adoption, assurance, intercession. Key terms: peace (damai sejahtera), sanctification (pengudusan), adoption (pengangkatan sebagai anak), Abba, intercession (perantaraan), assurance (keyakinan).
  4. Israel and the nations (9:1-11:36) — God’s faithfulness to his promises, the place of Israel and the nations. Key terms: election (pilihan Allah), covenant (perjanjian), unity of Jew and Gentile.
  5. Transformed living (12:1-15:13) — practical outworking of the gospel in the church and society. Key terms: church (gereja), spiritual gifts (karunia rohani), kingdom of God (Kerajaan Allah).
  6. Closing and mission (15:14-16:27) — Paul’s mission to the nations and personal greetings. Key terms: mission (penyebaran Injil), fellowship (persekutuan).

Use in this curriculum

Each lesson in the Romans curriculum should be tagged with which theme-block it falls under, so terminology introduced in an earlier block (e.g. “justification” in block 2) is reinforced rather than re-explained from scratch when it recurs in a later block (e.g. block 3’s “intercession,” which carries the added weight of distinguishing Christ’s mediating role from syafaat Nabi Muhammad).