Righteousness

CRITICAL: 义 is also one of the Confucian Five Constant Virtues (仁义礼智信) — a social-ethical duty of rightness owed within relationships, cultivated by moral effort. Biblical righteousness (义) in Romans is a right standing before God received through faith, not a Confucian virtue achieved by moral cultivation. Every use in a justification context requires a distinguishing note; never let 义 stand alone as if it were self-evidently the Confucian virtue.