Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Hebrews (Koine Greek → Persian)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all thirteen chapters of Hebrews. Terms already established in the Romans baseline translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and their recorded Persian rendering is reused exactly, unmodified. New terms are proposed here for addition to translation memory in Phase 2. Risk tiers follow the baseline’s four-tier framework (Critical / High / Medium / Low) and drive the same review-routing logic as doctrine_risk_registry.json.
A. Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (Hebrews Occurrences)
| Term | Persian | Risk | Hebrews Chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | خدا | Critical | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Jesus | عیسی | Critical | 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Christ/Messiah | مسیح | Critical | 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Lord | خداوند | Critical | 1, 2, 7, 8, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Son of God | پسر خدا | Critical | 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 | [BASELINE REUSE]; component پسر also used generically for “Son” in ch.1’s Christological argument |
| Holy Spirit | روحالقدس | Critical | 2, 3, 6, 9, 10 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Father | پدر | Critical | 1, 12 | [BASELINE REUSE]; reinforced by ch.12’s παιδεία (discipline) argument |
| Faith | ایمان | High | 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE]; ch.11 supplies Hebrews’ own definition (یقین nuance) |
| Grace | فیض | High | 2, 4, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Salvation | نجات | Critical | 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Covenant | عهد | Medium (High/Critical in compound “new covenant”) | 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE]; see New Covenant entry below |
| Called/Calling | دعوتشده / دعوت | High | 3, 5, 9, 11 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Holy | مقدس | Medium | 2, 3, 6, 9, 10, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Saints | مقدسین | Medium | 6, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Sanctification | تقدیس | High | 2, 9, 10, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Adoption (family/inheritance theology) | فرزندخواندگی | Critical | 2, 12 | [BASELINE REUSE]; reinforced by ch.9, ch.11 inheritance vocabulary |
| Resurrection | قیامت | Critical | 6, 11, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE]; do not reuse for generic “judgment” (κρίσις) — see کاهن اعظم section note below |
| Law | ناموس | Critical | 7, 8, 9, 10 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Sin | گناه | High | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Glory | جلال | Medium | 1, 2, 3 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Israel | اسرائیل | High | 8, 11 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| David | داوود | Medium | 11 (implicit, Davidic kingship background) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Moses | موسی | — | 3, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 | [BASELINE REUSE, per requirements doc transliteration list] |
| Church | کلیسا | High | 12 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Kingdom of God | ملکوت خدا | Medium | 1, 12 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Intercession | شفاعت | Critical | 7, 9 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Election | برگزیدگی خدا | High | 11 (implicit, “chosen” language re: Moses’ parents, Abraham) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Providence | تدبیر الهی | Medium | 1, 11 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Prophet | پیامبر | Low | 1 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Prophecy | نبوت | Low | 1 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Gentiles | غیریهودیان | Medium | (not directly thematized in Hebrews; retained for consistency if referenced) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Peace | سلام | Medium | 7, 12, 13 | [BASELINE REUSE]; never آرامش — see کاهن اعظم/رست note under new term آرامی below |
| Abba | ابا | High | (not directly occurring in Hebrews; retained for cross-curriculum consistency) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Righteousness | عدالت | Critical | 1, 5, 7, 11, 12 | [BASELINE REUSE] |
| Imputed righteousness | عدالت محسوبشده | Critical | 11 (implicit, Abraham’s faith-righteousness background) | [BASELINE REUSE] |
B. New Terms Introduced by Hebrews
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Persian Rendering | Transliteration (Persian) | Risk | Chapters | Alternatives Rejected | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Priest | ἀρχιερεύς | archiereus | کاهن اعظم | kāhen-e a’zam | Critical | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 | — | No functional Islamic/Shia sacrificial-priest parallel exists; must be built as new vocabulary for MBB readers, not assumed. Central to the entire book’s Christological-priestly argument. |
| Priest | ἱερεύς | hiereus | کاهن | kāhen | High | 5, 7, 8, 10 | — | Base term for ἀρχιερεύς; same gap-risk on a smaller scale. |
| Priesthood | ἱερωσύνη / ἱερατεία | hierōsynē | کهانت | kahānat | High | 7 | — | Abstract office-term; must convey permanent, superior office, not a hereditary caste. |
| Sacrifice | θυσία | thysia | قربانی | qorbānī | Critical | 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13 | — | Ordinary Persian/Islamic word for ritual animal sacrifice (Eid-e Qorbān); must be actively distinguished from repeated, non-atoning ritual sacrifice. |
| To offer (sacrificially) | προσφέρω | prospherō | تقدیم کردن | taqdīm kardan | High | 5, 8, 9, 10 | — | Technical sacrificial-offering verb; keep consistent throughout chs. 9-10. |
| Blood | αἷμα | haima | خون | khūn | High | 9, 10, 12, 13 | — | Native word; must consistently carry sacrificial-atoning weight, not merely biological sense. |
| Tabernacle/Tent | σκηνή | skēnē | خیمه | kheimeh | Medium/High | 8, 9, 13 | — | Established OT term; note incidental resonance with Karbala’s burned tents in Ashura narrative — teach access-function, not martyrdom association. |
| Holy Place / Holy of Holies | τὰ ἅγια / ἅγια ἁγίων | ta hagia / hagia hagiōn | قدس / قدسالاقداس | qods / qods-ol-aqdas | High | 8, 9, 10 | — | “Qods” also names Jerusalem in politically charged Iranian state usage (Ruz-e Qods); disambiguate as sanctuary-space, not geopolitical referent. |
| Veil/Curtain | καταπέτασμα | katapetasma | پرده | pardeh | Medium | 6, 9, 10 | — | Native word; low independent risk beyond context. |
| Mediator | μεσίτης | mesitēs | واسطه | vāseteh | Critical | 8, 9, 12 | شفیع (rejected — too close to شفاعت’s Karbala-specific loading; واسطه is the more general legal/covenantal term) | Exact operative term of Shia tawassul (intercessory-mediation through Imams/holy figures); Christ’s mediatorship must be taught as exclusive and singular. |
| New Covenant | διαθήκη καινή | diathēkē kainē | عهد جدید | ahd-e jadīd | Critical | 8, 9, 12, 13 | — | Compounds baseline عهد with جدید; must retain full covenant-fulfillment sense against the naskh (abrogation) default flagged in the baseline’s “fulfillment_of_prophecy” doctrine entry. |
| Covenant/Testament (wordplay) | διαθήκη | diathēkē | عهد (+ گلوس وصیتنامه) | ahd (+ vasiyat-nāmeh gloss) | Critical | 9 (9:16-17) | — | Greek’s covenant/will double meaning does not transfer to Persian عهد; the wordplay must be explained explicitly in teaching notes, not assumed. |
| Redemption | ἀπολύτρωσις | apolytrōsis | رهایی | rahā’ī | High | 9 | فدا (rejected — Fedayeen-e Khalq political resonance and Shia “fedā-ye Hussein” martyrdom-devotion overlap) | Must retain “bought back/set free” sense without importing Iran-specific political-martyrdom loading. |
| Ransom (price paid) | λύτρον | lytron | فدیه | fadyeh | Medium | (implicit background to 9:15) | — | Reserve for contexts specifically emphasizing the price paid, distinct from رهایی’s broader deliverance sense. |
| Purify/Purification | καθαρίζω / καθαρότης | katharizō / katharotēs | پاک کردن / پاکی | pāk kardan / pākī | High | 1, 9, 10 | طهارت (rejected — precise Islamic fiqh ritual-purity term, wudu/ghusl categories) | Must be taught as inward, conscience-level cleansing, not external ritual purity. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις | syneidēsis | ضمیر | zamīr | High | 9, 10, 13 | — | Carries the weight of the ritual-vs-inward-reality contrast central to Heb 9; pair consistently with پاک کردن. |
| Once for all | ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ | hapax / ephapax | یکبار برای همیشه | yek bār barāye hamīsheh | Critical | 6, 9, 10 | — | Directly confronts the cultural default of repeated ritual atonement (daily prayer, annual Hajj/Eid sacrifice, Ashura mourning); the single most doctrinally load-bearing phrase in Hebrews for this audience. |
| Eternal | αἰώνιος | aiōnios | ابدی / جاودانی | abadī / jāvedānī | Medium | 5, 6, 9, 13 | — | Standard vocabulary; low independent risk. |
| Unblemished | ἄμωμος | amōmos | بیعیب | bī-‘eyb | Medium | 9 | — | Standard vocabulary. |
| Serve/Worship (cultic) | λατρεύω | latreuō | عبادت کردن | ebādat kardan | High | 9, 10, 12, 13 | — | Shares Islamic ibadah’s exact verb-root; teach as fruit of an already-cleansed conscience, not a ritual-performance means of approach. |
| Dead works | νεκρὰ ἔργα | nekra erga | اعمال مرده | a’māl-e morde | High | 6, 9 | — | Engages the grace/works contrast flagged in the baseline; distinguishes Christ’s finished work from deeds-weighing frameworks (mīzān, Chinvat Bridge). |
| Forgiveness/Remission | ἄφεσις | aphesis | آمرزش / بخشش | āmorzesh / bakhshesh | High | 9, 10 | — | Must be secured entirely by Christ’s blood, not by weighing good deeds against bad. |
| Inheritance/Heir | κληρονομία / κληρονόμος | klēronomia / klēronomos | میراث / وارث | mīrās / vāres | Critical | 1, 9, 11, 12 | — | Directly reinforces baseline’s فرزندخواندگی (adoption) Critical note against the sarparasti (custodianship) legal default in Iran. |
| Better/Superior | κρείττων / κρεῖσσον | kreittōn | برتر | bartar | Medium | 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 | — | Structural keyword (~13 occurrences); keep identical throughout the book to preserve its synkrisis (comparison) argument. |
| Copy/Antitype | ἀντίτυπος | antitypos | نمونه / تصویر | namūneh / tasvīr | High | 9 | — | Shadow/true-form language risks assimilation into Illuminationist/Mulla Sadra emanation metaphysics (cf. baseline’s فیض note); teach as historical type-fulfillment. |
| Shadow (vs. true form) | σκιά | skia | سایه | sāyeh | High | 8, 10 | — | Same Illuminationist-metaphysics caution as ἀντίτυπος above. |
| Second coming/appearing | ἐκ δευτέρου / ἐμφανίζω / φανερόω | ek deuterou / emphanizō / phaneroō | آمدن دوم / ظاهر شدن | āmadan-e dovom / zāher shodan | Critical | 9 | ظهور دوم (rejected — the exact Shia technical term for the Hidden Twelfth Imam’s eschatological reappearance) | Must not reinforce the Mahdi-displacement risk already flagged in the baseline under “resurrection” and “messianic_promise.” |
| To bear sins (substitutionary) | ἀναφέρω ἁμαρτίας | anapherein hamartias | گناهان را بر خود گرفتن | gonāhān rā bar khod gereftan | Critical | 9 | — | Central substitutionary-atonement statement (Isaiah 53 echo); must not be softened to moral example. |
| Judgment (final) | κρίσις | krisis | داوری | dāvarī | High | 9, 10 | قیامت (rejected — reserved exclusively for Christ’s resurrection per baseline; reuse here would conflate two distinct doctrines) | Keep terminologically distinct from قیامت (resurrection) throughout Hebrews. |
| Propitiation/Atonement | ἱλάσκομαι | hilaskomai | کفاره کردن | kaffāreh kardan | Critical | 2 | — | کفاره is the exact Islamic fiqh term for works-based compensatory expiation (broken oath, missed fast); Christ’s propitiation must be taught as a completed divine act, not a human-performed legal remedy. |
| Pioneer/Founder | ἀρχηγός | archēgos | بانی | bānī | High | 2, 12 | رهبر (rejected in politically-loaded contexts — echoes Iran’s clerical-political “rahbar” title) | Keep the founding/originating sense distinct from any political-leadership resonance. |
| Confession | ὁμολογία | homologia | اعتراف | e’terāf | High | 3 | — | Must render identically to any future Romans 10:9 “confession” rendering for cross-curriculum consistency. |
| Rest (Sabbath-rest) | κατάπαυσις / σαββατισμός | katapausis / sabbatismos | آرامی (سبت) | ārāmī (-ye sabt) | High | 3, 4 | آرامش (rejected — the exact secular wellness/self-help “inner calm” term already forbidden under baseline’s “peace” entry) | Must always be qualified (“in God,” “eternal”) to avoid drifting into secular mindfulness registers. |
| Boldness/Confidence (access) | παρρησία | parrēsia | دلیری / اطمینان کامل | dalīrī / etmīnān-e kāmel | Critical | 4, 10 | — | Carries the weight of the “Access to God” doctrine; confronts both general mediated-approach patterns and Shia-specific shafā’at need. |
| Draw near/Approach | προσέρχομαι | proserchomai | نزدیک شدن | nazdīk shodan | High | 4, 7, 10, 11, 12 | — | Must convey unmediated access secured once by Christ. |
| Perfect/Complete | τελειόω | teleioō | کامل ساختن | kāmel sākhtan | High | 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 | — | Risk of assimilation into Sufi “kamāl”/Insān-e Kāmel mystical-perfection doctrine; teach as redemptive/vocational completion through obedient suffering. |
| Melchizedek | Μελχισέδεκ | Melchisedek | ملکیصدق | Malkī-Sedeq | Medium | 5, 6, 7 | — | No Quranic counterpart; a knowledge-gap requiring background teaching, not a doctrinal collision. |
| Fall away/Apostasy (warning) | παραπίπτω / ἀφίστημι | parapiptō / aphistēmi | دور شدن از ایمان | dūr shodan az īmān | Critical | 3, 6, 10, 12 | ارتداد (rejected — carries real death-penalty legal danger for MBB readers under Iranian apostasy norms; would import a mortal legal register into a pastoral warning) | The single most pastorally sensitive rendering decision in the book; requires a translator’s note at every occurrence. |
| Anchor | ἄγκυρα | ankyra | لنگر | langar | Medium | 6 | — | Note positive Sufi khānegāh “langar” (communal refuge/meal) resonance as a possible teaching bridge. |
| Forerunner | πρόδρομος | prodromos | پیشرو | pīshrow | Medium | 6 | — | Standard vocabulary. |
| Oath | ὅρκος | horkos | سوگند / قسم | sogand / qasam | Low | 6, 7 | — | Native, low risk. |
| Permanent (priesthood) | ἀπαράβατος | aparabatos | دائمی / بدون جایگزین | dā’emī | High | 7 | — | Useful parallel-argument point against Shia Imamate succession-claims: Christ’s priesthood, unlike an ongoing successor-line, needs none. |
| Obsolete/Aging | παλαιόω | palaioō | کهنه شدن | kohne shodan | Medium | 8 | — | Teach as fulfillment, not falsification, to avoid feeding the tahrif assumption. |
| Various washings | διάφοροι βαπτισμοί | diaphoroi baptismoi | شستوشوهای گوناگون | shost-o-shū-hā-ye gūnāgūn | High | 9 | — | Resonates with Islamic wudu/ghusl ablution categories; useful as a teaching bridge to Christ’s superior, internal cleansing. |
| New and living way | ὁδὸς πρόσφατος καὶ ζῶσα | hodos prosphatos kai zōsa | راه تازه و زنده | rāh-e tāzeh va zende | High | 10 | — | Central image for the Access doctrine. |
| Deliberate sin | ἁμαρτάνω ἑκουσίως | hamartanō hekousiōs | گناه عمدی | gonāh-e ‘amdī | High | 10 | — | Continues the apostasy-warning theme; pair with ch.6 rendering guidance. |
| Endurance | ὑπομονή | hypomonē | پایداری | pāydārī | Medium | 10, 12 | — | Standard vocabulary; central to Perseverance doctrine. |
| Faith’s assurance/conviction | ὑπόστασις / ἔλεγχος | hypostasis / elenchos | یقین | yaqīn | Critical | 11 | — | Anchors faith as confident personal trust and hope, not abstract creedal assent (cf. baseline’s Imamate-creed caution under “faith”). |
| Testify/bear witness | μαρτυρέω | martyreō | تأیید شدن / گواهی یافتن | ta’yīd shodan / govāhī yāftan | Critical | 11 | شهادت دادن (rejected — carries the double load of the Islamic creedal shahāda AND Twelver Shia martyrdom-veneration terminology, esp. Imam Hussein’s shahādat at Karbala) | Must not blend OT saints’ faith-testimony with either the Islamic creed-recitation or the martyrdom-veneration framework already flagged under baseline’s “salvation” entry. |
| Better homeland/city | κρείττων πατρίς / πόλις | kreittōn patris / polis | وطن بهتر / شهر آسمانی | vatan-e behtar / shahr-e āsemānī | Medium | 11 | — | Ties forward to ch.12’s heavenly Jerusalem. |
| Discipline/Chastening | παιδεία | paideia | تربیت | tarbiat | High | 12 | — | Compounds baseline’s Critical “father” entry; positive native family-formation connotation can serve as a relational bridge once Father-language itself is established. |
| Founder and Perfecter | ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής | archēgos kai teleiōtēs | بانی و کاملکننده | bānī va kāmel-konandeh | High | 12 | — | Combines ἀρχηγός (ch.2) and τελειόω (ch.5) entries. |
| Mount Zion / Heavenly Jerusalem | Σιὼν ὄρος / Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐπουράνιος | Siōn oros / Hierousalēm epouranios | کوه صهیون / اورشلیم آسمانی | kūh-e Sahyūn / Ershalīm-e āsemānī | Critical | 12 | — | Direct parallel to baseline’s “israel” Critical entry; “Zion/Sahyūn” is a hostile, loaded political term in Iranian state discourse and must be taught as a spiritual-heavenly reality entirely distinct from it. |
| Church of the Firstborn | ἐκκλησία πρωτοτόκων | ekklēsia prōtotokōn | کلیسای نخستزادگان | kelīsā-ye nokhost-zādegān | High | 12 | — | Combines baseline کلیسا with نخستزاده; guard against implying Christ/believers are created/first-in-series in an Arian sense. |
| Unshakeable Kingdom | ἀμετακίνητος βασιλεία | ametakinētos basileia | ملکوت بیتزلزل | malakūt-e bī-tazalzol | Medium | 12 | — | Reuses baseline ملکوت خدا; retain distinction from Iran’s Velayat-e Faqih state structure. |
| Outside the camp | ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς | exō tēs parembolēs | بیرون از اردوگاه | bīrūn az ordūgāh | High | 13 | — | Resonates with real, concrete MBB social/legal exclusion experience; teach pastorally, not merely as ancient metaphor. |
| Altar | θυσιαστήριον | thysiastērion | قربانگاه | qorbāngāh | High | 13 | — | Ties to قربانی (sacrifice) Critical note. |
| Radiance / Exact Imprint (Deity of Christ) | ἀπαύγασμα / χαρακτήρ | apaugasma / charaktēr | پرتو / مظهر دقیق | partov / mazhar-e daqīq | Critical | 1 | — | Must convey the Son being God’s glory shining forth, not an emanated intermediary being (cf. baseline’s Zoroastrian-emanation caution under “incarnation”). |
| Angel | ἄγγελος | angelos | فرشته | fereshteh | High | 1, 2, 13 | — | Risk runs opposite to most Persian collisions in this Package: Christ could be assimilated downward into an already-honored created category rather than elevated above it. |
| Worship (of the Son) | προσκυνέω | proskyneō | پرستش کردن | parastesh kardan | High | 1 | — | Must retain the explicit claim that angels worship the Son — a direct deity-assertion that must not be blunted. |
| Sympathize | συμπαθέω | sympatheō | همدردی کردن | hamdardī kardan | Low | 4 | — | Standard vocabulary. |
| Brothers | ἀδελφοί | adelphoi | برادران | barādarān | Low | 2 | — | Standard vocabulary. |
| Milk/Solid food | γάλα / βρῶμα | gala / brōma | شیر / غذای سخت | shīr / ghazā-ye sakht | Low | 5 | — | Standard metaphor vocabulary. |
| Sacrifice of praise | θυσία αἰνέσεως | thysia aineseōs | قربانی ستایش | qorbāni-ye setāyesh | Medium | 13 | — | Reinforces reinterpretation of “sacrifice” language away from ritual animal offering. |
| Brotherly love / Hospitality | φιλαδελφία / φιλοξενία | philadelphia / philoxenia | محبت برادرانه / مهماننوازی | mohabbat-e barādarāneh / mehmān-navāzī | Low | 13 | — | مهماننوازی is a genuine positive cultural bridge (Persian hospitality tradition). |
| Christ unchanging | (descriptive phrase, 13:8) | — | همان بودن مسیح | hamān būdan-e Masīh | Medium | 13 | — | Closes the book’s Christological argument; reuse baseline عیسی/مسیح exactly within the phrase. |
C. Risk Summary for Hebrews-Specific New Terms
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 15 | Human theologian (every occurrence) |
| High | 24 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 12 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 8 | Automated review |
Highest-priority Critical terms requiring immediate Phase 2 attention (in order of doctrinal centrality to the core passage and curriculum doctrines):
- یکبار برای همیشه (once for all) — Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
- کاهن اعظم (high priest) — Christ as Great High Priest
- واسطه (mediator) — New Covenant vs. Old / Access to God
- کفاره کردن (propitiation) — Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
- قربانی (sacrifice) — Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
- دور شدن از ایمان (apostasy warning, ارتداد rejected) — Danger of Apostasy
- آمدن دوم / ظهور rejected (second coming) — Perseverance and Assurance
- شهادت دادن rejected → تأیید شدن (testify) — Faith of the OT Saints
- کوه صهیون / اورشلیم آسمانی (Mount Zion) — New Covenant / Perseverance
- میراث/وارث (inheritance/heir) — New Covenant, ties to Adoption doctrine
- عهد جدید (new covenant) — New Covenant versus the Old
- پرتو/مظهر دقیق (radiance/exact imprint) — Superiority of Christ over Angels
- گناهان را بر خود گرفتن (bear sins) — Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
- یقین (faith’s assurance) — Faith of the OT Saints
- دلیری/اطمینان کامل (boldness/confidence, access) — Access to God through Christ’s Blood
This glossary must be merged into an updated translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json (Phase 1 Steps 6-9) before any Phase 2 Hebrews segment translation begins, per the Pre-flight Checklist in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: خدا
Transliteration: Khoda
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: الله
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Khoda is a native pre-Islamic Persian word used across Zoroastrian, Christian, and Muslim Persian traditions alike, preferred over Allah for Persian Christian usage. Hebrews’ argument for the Son’s full deity (ch.1) and God’s direct speech to the Son (1:8, quoting Ps 45:6) intensify the same tawhid-collision risk documented in the baseline; render exactly as خدا throughout.
Jesus
Approved rendering: عیسی
Transliteration: Isa
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Established, uncontroversial Persian Christian usage; no competing ‘Yeshua’-style form in circulation. The Quranic prophet-only, non-crucified, non-divine narrative must be actively corrected at every occurrence, especially in Hebrews’ resurrection/atonement passages (2:9,14; 9:14; 13:20).
Messiah
Approved rendering: مسیح
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews’ priest-king typology (Melchizedek, chs.5-7) reinforces rather than replaces Christ’s Messianic sufficiency; must actively assert Christ’s own primary redemptive role against Shia Mahdi-centered expectation, as in the baseline.
Lord
Approved rendering: خداوند
Transliteration: Khodavand
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: سرور
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ in Hebrews 1:10 (quoting Ps 102:25-27) and 2:3, 7:14; retains the tawhid objection to ascribing supreme Lordship to a human-born man documented in the baseline.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: پسر خدا
Transliteration: pesar-e khoda
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: برگزیده خدا
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1’s programmatic argument (Son superior to angels, sharing the divine throne, Ps 2/Ps 110 oracles applied directly to Christ) is this book’s foundational Christological claim; never use the softened Hezare No رendering برگزیده خدا, always پسر خدا in full.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: روحالقدس
Transliteration: Ruh-ol-Qods
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 2:4, 3:7, 6:4, 9:8, 9:14, 10:15; the created-being-versus-divine-Person distinction from the Quranic Jibril identification must be made explicit at every occurrence.
Father
Approved rendering: پدر
Transliteration: pedar
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:5 and 12:5-11’s discipline (paideia) passage both apply Father-language to God directly; retains the tawhid-anthropomorphism objection documented in the baseline. Pairs with new term تربیت (discipline_chastening) as a relational bridge once this Father metaphor is established.
Salvation
Approved rendering: نجات
Transliteration: nejat
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. The ‘great salvation’ of 2:3 and its consummation at Christ’s return (9:28) must be distinguished from the Karbala/Hussein martyrdom-intercession framework, as in the baseline.
Adoption
Approved rendering: فرزندخواندگی
Transliteration: farzand-khandegi
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: سرپرستی
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 12:5-8’s sonship-through-discipline argument and 2:10-13’s ‘brothers’ language reinforce full-inheritance sonship; reinforced further by Hebrews’ own new میراث (inheritance) vocabulary at 1:14, 9:15. سرپرستی (Iran’s weaker legal-custodianship default) remains forbidden.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: قیامت
Transliteration: qiyamat
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 6:2, 11:35, 13:20; reserved EXCLUSIVELY for Christ’s/the dead’s resurrection — never reuse for generic ‘judgment’ (κρίσις); see new term داوری (judgment_final).
Law
Approved rendering: ناموس
Transliteration: namus
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: شریعت
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews’ law-versus-better-covenant argument (7:12,19; 8:4; 9:19; 10:1) makes the shari’a-collision risk documented in the baseline even more prominent given Iran’s shari’a-based legal system; never use شریعت.
Intercession
Approved rendering: شفاعت
Transliteration: shafa’at
Doctrine: Intercession of Christ
Original: ἐντυγχάνω / ἔντευξις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Base verb for Christ’s ongoing intercession at Hebrews 7:25, 9:24; unusually developed and popularly central in Twelver Shia devotion (Muharram mourning rituals, shrine pilgrimage seeking the Imams’ intercession) — Christ’s intercession must be taught as exclusive and complete.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: عدالت
Transliteration: edalat
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: پارسایی
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 1:9, 5:13, 7:2 (‘king of righteousness’), 11:33, 12:11; never پارسایی (Zoroastrian-inflected virtue/piety).
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: عدالت محسوبشده
Transliteration: edalat-e mahsub-shode
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: عدالت کسبشده
Original: ἐλογίσθη εἰς δικαιοσύνην (implicit, Abraham background)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit background to Hebrews 11:8-19’s Abraham narrative; never عدالت کسبشده (‘earned righteousness’).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: تجسد
Transliteration: tajassod
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: σῶμα / σάρξ (2:14; 10:5)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 2:14 (‘he himself likewise partook of the same things’) and 10:5 (‘a body have you prepared for me’) are key incarnation texts; retains the Illuminationist/Zoroastrian emanation caution documented in the baseline.
High Priest
Approved rendering: کاهن اعظم
Transliteration: kāhen-e a’zam
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: امام, پیشوا
Original: ἀρχιερεύς
Category: Priesthood
NEW TERM. No functional Islamic or Shia sacrificial-mediating office exists as a real parallel — Shia ruhaniyat (ayatollahs) are jurist-scholars issuing legal rulings, not sacrificial mediators standing between God and the people with their own blood. امام is absolutely forbidden as it names the exact competing office; پیشوا rejected as too political/generic. Must be built as substantially new vocabulary for MBB readers; the book’s central organizing office (2:17; 3:1; 4:14-15; 5:1-10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1; 9:11,25).
Sacrifice
Approved rendering: قربانی
Transliteration: qorbāni
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: θυσία
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Ordinary Persian/Islamic word for ritual animal sacrifice (Eid-e Qorban, commemorating Ibrahim/Ismail) — the single most heavily ‘crowded’ term in the book. No viable substitute exists; must be actively fenced at every doctrinally significant occurrence with یکبار برای همیشه or برتر (chs.5,7,9,10,11,13) to block the repeated-ritual reading.
Mediator
Approved rendering: واسطه
Transliteration: vāseteh
Doctrine: Christ as Sole Mediator of the Covenant
Rejected alternatives: شفیع
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Exact operative term of Shia tawassul (intercessory-mediation) piety, seeking Imams or holy figures as go-between to God (8:6; 9:15; 12:24). شفیع rejected as too close to شفاعت’s Karbala-specific loading. Christ’s mediatorship must be taught as exclusive and singular, paired with exclusivity language (‘only,’ ‘one,’ ‘no other’) at every occurrence.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: عهد جدید
Transliteration: ahd-e jadid
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: διαθήκη καινή
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM (compound of baseline عهد + جدید). Occurs at 8:8-13; 9:15; 12:24. Must retain full covenant-fulfillment sense against the naskh (abrogation) default and the tahrif assumption; the Old Testament must never be taught as a discarded or corrupted document. The covenant/will wordplay of 9:16-17 requires an explicit وصیتنامه teaching gloss.
Once For All
Approved rendering: یکبار برای همیشه
Transliteration: yek bār barāye hamishe
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Occurs at 6:4, 9:26-28, 10:2. The single most doctrinally load-bearing phrase in Hebrews for a Persian audience; directly confronts the cultural default of repeated ritual atonement (daily prayer, annual Hajj/Eid sacrifice, annual Ashura mourning) and must never be softened.
Inheritance
Approved rendering: میراث / وارث
Transliteration: mirās / vāres
Doctrine: Inheritance and Adoption into God’s Family
Original: κληρονομία / κληρονόμος
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Occurs at 1:2,4,14; 6:12,17; 9:15; 11:7-8; 12:17. Directly reinforces the baseline’s Critical فرزندخواندگی entry against Iran’s سرپرستی (custodianship) legal default, which denies a custodial child true inheritance rights under Shia and Sunni fiqh alike.
Second Coming
Approved rendering: آمدن دوم
Transliteration: āmadan-e dovom
Doctrine: The Second Coming of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ظهور دوم
Original: ἐκ δευτέρου
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:28. ظهور دوم is FORBIDDEN WITHOUT EXCEPTION — zohur is the exact load-bearing technical term of Twelver Shia eschatology for the Hidden Twelfth Imam’s reappearance. Using it here would reinforce, not correct, the Mahdi-displacement risk already flagged in the baseline under resurrection/messianic_promise. Use آمدن دوم or بازگشت مسیح instead.
Bear Sins
Approved rendering: گناهان را بر خود گرفتن
Transliteration: gonāhān rā bar khod gereftan
Doctrine: Substitutionary Bearing of Sin
Original: ἀναφέρω ἁμαρτίας πολλῶν
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:28. Central substitutionary-atonement statement (Isaiah 53 echo); must not be softened into moral example, and must be actively distinguished from the Karbala/Hussein martyrdom-intercession pattern.
Propitiation
Approved rendering: کفاره کردن
Transliteration: kaffāreh kardan
Doctrine: Propitiation for Sins
Original: ἱλάσκομαι
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Occurs at 2:17. کفاره is the exact Islamic fiqh term for human-performed compensatory expiation (broken oath, missed fast: feeding the poor, extra fasting, or payment); Christ’s propitiation must be taught as a completed, once-for-all divine act HE accomplishes, never a human legal remedy the sinner performs — the grammatical subject must be forcibly held on God/Christ at every occurrence.
Boldness Access
Approved rendering: دلیری / اطمینان کامل
Transliteration: dalir i / etminān-e kāmel
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: παρρησία
Category: Access to God
NEW TERM. Occurs at 4:16, 10:19,35. Carries the weight of the curriculum-anchor ‘Access to God’ doctrine, directly confronting both general Islamic ritual-mediated approach (proper purity, posture before prayer) and Shia-specific need for an Imam’s شفاعت to draw near with confidence.
Fall Away Apostasy
Approved rendering: دور شدن از ایمان
Transliteration: dur shodan az imān
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Rejected alternatives: ارتداد
Original: παραπίπτω / ἀφίστημι
Category: Apostasy
NEW TERM. Occurs at 3:12, 6:6, 10:26-29, 12:25. ارتداد explicitly and permanently REJECTED — the precise Islamic legal term for apostasy from Islam, which under prevailing interpretations applied in Iran carries real death-penalty danger for MBB readers; using it would import a mortal legal register into a pastoral warning. دور شدن از ایمان preserves seriousness without this collision; requires a translator’s note at every occurrence.
Faith Assurance
Approved rendering: یقین
Transliteration: yaqin
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ὑπόστασις / ἔλεγχος
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Hebrews 11:1’s programmatic definition of faith. یقین is also a technical term in Islamic epistemology (certainty as the highest of three grades of knowledge); a genuine bridge, but must be anchored to a personal object (trust IN God’s promise) rather than free-floating intellectual certainty, and must not import the Shia iman structure’s inclusion of belief in the Imamate.
Testify Bear Witness
Approved rendering: تأیید شدن / گواهی یافتن
Transliteration: ta’yid shodan / govāhi yāftan
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Rejected alternatives: شهادت دادن
Original: μαρτυρέω
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Occurs throughout ch.11 (11:2,4-5,39). شهادت دادن is PERMANENTLY EXCLUDED throughout ch.11 — it carries the double load of the Islamic creedal shahada AND Twelver Shia martyrdom-veneration terminology (Imam Hussein’s shahādat at Karbala); تأیید شدن/گواهی یافتن avoids blending OT faith-testimony with either framework.
Mount Zion
Approved rendering: کوه صهیون / اورشلیم آسمانی
Transliteration: kuh-e Sahyun / Ershalim-e āsemāni
Doctrine: The Heavenly Zion and Assurance of Belonging
Original: Σιὼν ὄρος / Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐπουράνιος
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 12:22. Direct parallel to the baseline’s Critical ‘israel’ entry: ‘Zion/Zionism’ (Sahyun/Sahyunizm) is a loaded, hostile political term in Iranian state discourse (Ruz-e Qods); must be taught as a spiritual-heavenly reality entirely distinct from that geopolitical referent.
Radiance Exact Imprint
Approved rendering: پرتو / مظهر دقیق
Transliteration: partov / mazhar-e daqiq
Doctrine: Deity of Christ (Radiance and Exact Imprint of God)
Original: ἀπαύγασμα / χαρακτήρ
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 1:3. Must convey the Son BEING God’s glory shining forth, not an emanated intermediary being; Persia’s Zoroastrian cosmology and the still-influential Illuminationist/Mulla Sadra philosophical tradition risk the Son being read as one more emanated level of reality rather than fully, co-equally God.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: ایمان
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 11:1 supplies the book’s own programmatic definition of faith as confident assurance of unseen realities (see new term یقین/faith_assurance); must anchor faith as personal trust in Christ, not the Shia iman structure that includes belief in the Imamate.
Grace
Approved rendering: فیض
Transliteration: feyz
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: لطف
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in the ‘throne of grace’ compound (4:16) and 12:15, 12:28, 13:9; must not collapse into feyz’s Illuminationist/Mulla Sadra emanation sense — always a freely willed, personal gift secured through Christ.
Called
Approved rendering: دعوتشده
Transliteration: da’vat-shode
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 9:15 (‘those who are called’) and 5:4 (priestly calling); context-sensitive as in the baseline.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: تقدیس
Transliteration: taqdis
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 12:14 links sanctification to seeing the Lord; distinguish sharply from the merely ceremonial ἁγιάζω of the Levitical rites in 9:13 (see new term purify/conscience).
Sin
Approved rendering: گناه
Transliteration: gonah
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Central to nearly every chapter of Hebrews’ atonement argument (esp. chs.9-10); the deeds-weighing default (mizan, Chinvat Bridge) must be resisted throughout.
Israel
Approved rendering: اسرائیل
Transliteration: Esra’il
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in the New Covenant quotation of Jeremiah 31 (8:8,10) and 11:22; retains the same Iranian state anti-Israel political-collision risk documented in the baseline. See also new term کوه صهیون (mount_zion), a direct parallel risk.
Church
Approved rendering: کلیسا
Transliteration: kelisa
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: امت
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 2:12 and in the compound ‘church of the firstborn’ (12:23, see new term کلیسای نخستزادگان); teach with the underground house-church reality in view, per the baseline.
Election
Approved rendering: برگزیدگی خدا
Transliteration: bargozidegi-ye khoda
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή (implicit)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in Hebrews 11’s roll-call of divinely chosen figures (e.g., Moses’ parents, Abraham); avoid importing the Imamate’s lineage-based succession content, as in the baseline.
Prophet
Approved rendering: پیامبر
Transliteration: payambar
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:1’s opening statement (‘God spoke through the prophets’) frames the whole book’s fulfillment argument; pair with fuller Christological titles as in the baseline, since Muhammad as khatam al-anbiya applies equally in Shia Islam.
Abba
Approved rendering: ابا
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: אַבָּא (not occurring in Hebrews)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Not occurring directly in Hebrews; retained for cross-curriculum consistency with Romans 8:15.
Apostle
Approved rendering: رسول
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 3:1 uniquely applies this title directly to Christ himself (‘the apostle and high priest of our confession’), a distinctive Hebrews usage; retains the baseline’s Imamate-succession collision caution.
Priest
Approved rendering: کاهن
Transliteration: kāhen
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἱερεύς
Category: Priesthood
NEW TERM. Base term for ἀρχιερεύς; same functional-gap risk as high_priest on a smaller scale (5:6; 7:11-17; 8:4; 10:11).
Priesthood
Approved rendering: کهانت
Transliteration: kahānat
Doctrine: The Permanent, Unsuccessioned Priesthood of Christ
Original: ἱερωσύνη / ἱερατεία
Category: Priesthood
NEW TERM. Abstract office-term (7:11-14, 24); must convey a permanent, superior office, not a hereditary caste comparable to Shia clerical succession.
Offer Sacrificially
Approved rendering: تقدیم کردن
Transliteration: taqdim kardan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: προσφέρω
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Central verb of Christ’s self-offering (5:1-3; 8:3; 9:14,25,28; 10:1); keep consistent throughout chs.9-10.
Blood
Approved rendering: خون
Transliteration: khun
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: αἷμα
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Native word (9:12-22; 10:4,19,29; 12:24; 13:11-12,20); must consistently carry sacrificial-atoning weight, not merely biological sense. Also covers ‘blood of the covenant’ (خون عهد, 9:20; 13:20), which must render identically wherever the Last Supper words are taught elsewhere.
Tabernacle
Approved rendering: خیمه
Transliteration: kheimeh
Doctrine: The Levitical Priesthood and Sacrificial System Superseded
Original: σκηνή
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. Established OT term (8:5; 9:2-11,21; 13:10); خیمه also incidentally evokes the burned tents of Imam Hussein’s family at Karbala in Ashura narrative — teach the tabernacle’s access-function, not a martyrdom association.
Holy Place
Approved rendering: قدس / قدسالاقداس
Transliteration: qods / qods-ol-aqdas
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: τὰ ἅγια / ἅγια ἁγίων
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. قدس is also the Persian/Arabic name for Jerusalem (bayt al-moqaddas) and appears in Iran’s state-sponsored ‘Ruz-e Qods’ anti-Israel commemoration; disambiguate as the sanctuary’s holy space, not a geopolitical referent, at first occurrence per document (8:2; 9:3,8,12,24-25; 10:19; 13:11).
Redemption
Approved rendering: رهایی
Transliteration: rahā’i
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: فدا
Original: ἀπολύτρωσις / λύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:12,15. فدا explicitly rejected — carries Fedayeen-e Khalq political guerrilla-self-sacrifice resonance and overlaps with Shia ‘fedā-ye Hussein’ martyrdom-devotion slogans; رهایی retains the ‘set free’ sense without either collision.
Purify
Approved rendering: پاک کردن / پاکی
Transliteration: pāk kardan / pāki
Doctrine: Purified Conscience and True Worship
Rejected alternatives: طهارت
Original: καθαρίζω / καθαρότης
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Occurs at 1:3 (implicit), 9:13-14,22-23; 10:2. طهارت (Islamic fiqh ritual-purity, wudu/ghusl categories) explicitly excluded; use پاک کردن/پاکی to keep Christ’s inward, conscience-level cleansing distinct from external ritual-purity systems.
Conscience
Approved rendering: ضمیر
Transliteration: zamir
Doctrine: Purified Conscience and True Worship
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Anthropology
NEW TERM. Carries the weight of Hebrews 9’s ritual-vs-inward-reality contrast (9:9,14; 10:2,22; 13:18); pair consistently with پاک کردن to avoid collapsing into a vague psychological sense.
Serve Worship Cultic
Approved rendering: عبادت کردن
Transliteration: ebādat kardan
Doctrine: Purified Conscience and True Worship
Original: λατρεύω
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. Occurs at 8:5, 9:9,14, 10:2, 12:28, 13:10. Exact verb-root of Islamic ibadah (the five daily prayers and all ritual worship); must be taught as the fruit of an already-cleansed conscience, not a ritual-performance means of approach.
Dead Works
Approved rendering: اعمال مرده
Transliteration: a’māl-e morde
Doctrine: Purified Conscience and True Worship
Original: νεκρὰ ἔργα
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Occurs at 6:1, 9:14. Directly engages the grace/works contrast flagged in the baseline; distinguishes Christ’s finished work from deeds-weighing frameworks (mizan, Chinvat Bridge).
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: آمرزش / بخشش
Transliteration: āmorzesh / bakhshesh
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἄφεσις
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:22, 10:18. Must be taught as secured entirely by Christ’s blood, not by weighing good deeds against bad, per the baseline’s ‘sin’ entry.
Copy Antitype
Approved rendering: نمونه / تصویر
Transliteration: namuneh / tasvir
Doctrine: The Levitical Priesthood and Sacrificial System Superseded
Original: ἀντίτυπος
Category: Typology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:24. Risks assimilation into Illuminationist (Hikmat al-Ishraq) and Mulla Sadra Transcendent Theosophy emanation metaphysics; teach as historical type-fulfillment, not a metaphysical emanation hierarchy.
Shadow
Approved rendering: سایه
Transliteration: sāyeh
Doctrine: The Levitical Priesthood and Sacrificial System Superseded
Original: σκιά
Category: Typology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 8:5, 10:1. Same Illuminationist-metaphysics caution as copy_antitype above.
Judgment Final
Approved rendering: داوری
Transliteration: dāvari
Doctrine: The Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: قیامت
Original: κρίσις
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:27, 10:27, 12:23 (implicit). Deliberately NOT قیامت, which is reserved exclusively for Christ’s own resurrection in this Language Package; reusing قیامت here would conflate two theologically distinct claims and reinforce the very Islamic-eschatology conflation the baseline works to prevent.
Pioneer Founder
Approved rendering: بانی
Transliteration: bāni
Doctrine: Christ’s Perfection through Suffering
Rejected alternatives: رهبر
Original: ἀρχηγός
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 2:10, 12:2 (see also founder_and_perfecter). رهبر rejected in politically-loaded contexts, echoing Iran’s clerical-political ‘rahbar’ title; بانی keeps the founding/originating sense distinct from political leadership resonance.
Confession
Approved rendering: اعتراف
Transliteration: e’terāf
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ὁμολογία
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Occurs at 3:1, 4:14, 10:23. Must render identically to any future Romans 10:9 ‘confession’ rendering for cross-curriculum consistency.
Sabbath Rest
Approved rendering: آرامی (سبت)
Transliteration: ārāmi (-ye sabt)
Doctrine: The Eschatological Sabbath Rest
Rejected alternatives: آرامش
Original: κατάπαυσις / σαββατισμός
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Occurs at 3:11,18; 4:1-11. Must always be qualified (‘in God,’ ‘eternal,’ ‘-e sabt’) to avoid drifting into آرامش, Iran’s popular wellness/self-help vocabulary for secular inner calm, already forbidden under the baseline’s ‘peace’ entry. This rest is a promised, still-future entering-in secured by faith, not a present psychological state.
Draw Near
Approved rendering: نزدیک شدن
Transliteration: nazdik shodan
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: προσέρχομαι
Category: Access to God
NEW TERM. Recurring key verb (4:16; 7:25; 10:1,22; 11:6; 12:22). Must consistently convey unmediated access secured once by Christ.
Perfect Complete
Approved rendering: کامل ساختن
Transliteration: kāmel sākhtan
Doctrine: Christ’s Perfection through Suffering
Original: τελειόω
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 2:10; 5:8-9; 7:19,28; 9:9; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:23. Persian Sufi mysticism’s rich کمال (Insan-e Kamel, Ibn Arabi’s Perfect Man) doctrine risks assimilating Christ’s completion into a mystical self-attained stage; must be taught as vocational/redemptive completion through obedient suffering.
Partaker
Approved rendering: سهیم / شریک
Transliteration: sahim / sharik
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: μέτοχος
Category: Perseverance
NEW TERM. Occurs at 3:1,14; 6:4; 12:8, including the severe apostasy-warning of 6:4 (‘partakers of the Holy Spirit’). شریک shares the ش-ر-ک root with شرک (shirk, idolatrous partnership); سهیم is preferred as the lower-resonance option specifically for this warning context, though شریک may still appear elsewhere per baseline’s ‘fellowship’ precedent.
Unbelief
Approved rendering: بیایمانی
Transliteration: bi-imāni
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἀπιστία
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Occurs at 3:12,19; 4:11 (implicit). Direct negative counterpart of ایمان; the wilderness generation’s unbelief is presented as the direct cause of forfeited rest, a key link to the apostasy-warning doctrine.
Eagerly Await
Approved rendering: با اشتیاق منتظر بودن
Transliteration: bā ashtiyāq montazer budan
Doctrine: The Second Coming of Christ
Original: ἀπεκδέχομαι
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:28. Shares the root منتظر with ‘montazer,’ the standard Persian verb Shia Muslims use for awaiting the Hidden Imam; usable as an emotional-posture bridge, but the object of waiting (Christ, already historically come once) must be kept sharply distinct from Hidden Imam expectation.
Permanent Priesthood Term
Approved rendering: دائمی / بدون جایگزین
Transliteration: dā’emi / bedun-e jāygozin
Doctrine: The Permanent, Unsuccessioned Priesthood of Christ
Original: ἀπαράβατος
Category: Priesthood
NEW TERM. Occurs at 7:24. Directly engages Twelver Shia Imamate theology, whose structure depends on an ongoing line of divinely-appointed successors; Christ’s priesthood having and needing no successor because he lives forever should be taught as a deliberate positive contrast.
Various Washings
Approved rendering: شستوشوهای گوناگون
Transliteration: shost-o-shu-hā-ye gunāgun
Doctrine: The Levitical Priesthood and Sacrificial System Superseded
Original: διάφοροι βαπτισμοί
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:10. Strongly resonates with Islamic wudu/ghusl ablution categories; use pedagogically as a teaching bridge to Christ’s superior, internal cleansing rather than leaving the resonance unaddressed.
New And Living Way
Approved rendering: راه تازه و زنده
Transliteration: rāh-e tāzeh va zende
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: ὁδὸς πρόσφατος καὶ ζῶσα
Category: Access to God
NEW TERM. Occurs at 10:20. Central image for the Access doctrine; replaces the veiled, restricted old-covenant approach.
Deliberate Sin
Approved rendering: گناه عمدی
Transliteration: gonāh-e ‘amdi
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἁμαρτάνω ἑκουσίως
Category: Apostasy
NEW TERM. Occurs at 10:26-29. Continues the apostasy-warning theme; pair with fall_away_apostasy rendering guidance, avoiding ارتداد as the primary framing term.
Discipline Chastening
Approved rendering: تربیت
Transliteration: tarbiat
Doctrine: Divine Discipline as Evidence of Sonship
Original: παιδεία
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Occurs at 12:5-11. Compounds the baseline’s Critical ‘father’ entry; positive native family-formation connotations of تربیت serve as a relational bridge once the Father metaphor itself is established, given the underlying tawhid objection to Father-language.
Founder And Perfecter
Approved rendering: بانی و کاملکننده
Transliteration: bāni va kāmel-konandeh
Doctrine: Christ’s Perfection through Suffering
Original: ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 12:2. Combines pioneer_founder and perfect_complete entries.
Church Of Firstborn
Approved rendering: کلیسای نخستزادگان
Transliteration: kelisā-ye nokhost-zādegān
Doctrine: The Heavenly Zion and Assurance of Belonging
Original: ἐκκλησία πρωτοτόκων
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Occurs at 12:23. Combines baseline کلیسا with نخستزاده; guard against implying Christ/believers are created/first-in-series in an Arian sense — a status/preeminence title, not a birth-order claim.
Outside The Camp
Approved rendering: بیرون از اردوگاه
Transliteration: birun az ordugāh
Doctrine: Christian Identity and Reproach ‘Outside the Camp’
Original: ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Occurs at 13:11-13. Resonates with real, concrete MBB social/legal exclusion from family, mosque, and community; teach pastorally as directly descriptive of the underground house-church reader’s own lived experience, not merely as an ancient metaphor.
Altar
Approved rendering: قربانگاه
Transliteration: qorbāngāh
Doctrine: The Levitical Priesthood and Sacrificial System Superseded
Original: θυσιαστήριον
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. Occurs at 13:10. Ties to the قربانی (sacrifice) Critical Eid-e Qorban collision note.
Angel
Approved rendering: فرشته
Transliteration: fereshteh
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
NEW TERM. Occurs throughout chs.1-2, and 13:2. Risk runs OPPOSITE to most collisions in this Package: Islamic angelology (Jibril, Mika’il) is an already-honored category, risking Christ’s assimilation DOWNWARD rather than his elevation above it. Chapter 1’s full argumentative force (‘superior to angels’) must be preserved.
Worship Of The Son
Approved rendering: پرستش کردن
Transliteration: parastesh kardan
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 1:6. Must retain the explicit claim that angels worship the Son — a direct deity-assertion Islamic angelology (angels worship only God) would flag as impossible unless the Son is himself fully God, which is precisely the chapter’s point and must not be blunted.
Medium Risk Terms
Covenant
Approved rendering: عهد
Transliteration: ‘ahd
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews exploits a covenant/last-will double meaning of Greek diathēkē (9:16-17) that Persian عهد does not naturally carry; supply an explicit وصیتنامه (vasiyat-nāmeh, ‘last will’) teaching gloss wherever this wordplay occurs rather than assuming it transfers.
Calling
Approved rendering: دعوت
Transliteration: da’vat
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Compare Hebrews 3:1’s ‘holy calling’ (implicit); everyday da’vat vocabulary needs the divine-summons direction made explicit.
Holy
Approved rendering: مقدس
Transliteration: moqaddas
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout Hebrews’ sanctuary vocabulary (9:2-3, 9:8) and moral exhortations (3:1, 12:14); relational/moral sense, not mere ritual purity.
Saints
Approved rendering: مقدسین
Transliteration: moqaddasin
Doctrine: Sainthood
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 6:10, 13:24; corporate designation for all believers, not an ascetic elite.
Glory
Approved rendering: جلال
Transliteration: jalal
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 1:3, 2:7-10, 3:3; the Sufi jalal/jamal devotional resonance noted in the baseline applies equally here.
David
Approved rendering: داوود
Transliteration: Davud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit background to the Davidic sonship oracle applied to Christ (1:5, quoting 2 Sam 7:14) and Hebrews 11:32.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ملکوت خدا
Transliteration: malakut-e khoda
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in the ‘unshakeable kingdom’ compound (12:28, see new term ملکوت بیتزلزل); distinguish from Iran’s own religious-political state structure (Velayat-e Faqih).
Providence
Approved rendering: تدبیر الهی
Transliteration: tadbir-e elahi
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόνοια (implicit)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit throughout Hebrews’ redemptive-historical argument and 11:1-40’s providential guidance of the patriarchs; keep distinct from folk qadar fatalism, as in the baseline.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: غیریهودیان
Transliteration: gheyr-yahudian
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: امتها
Original: ἔθνη (not directly thematized)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Retained for cross-curriculum consistency; never امتها.
Peace
Approved rendering: سلام
Transliteration: salam
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: آرامش
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 7:2 (Melchizedek, ‘king of peace’), 12:14, 13:20; never آرامش. See also new term آرامی/sabbath_rest, a related but distinct collision requiring its own qualifier.
Veil
Approved rendering: پرده
Transliteration: pardeh
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: καταπέτασμα
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. Occurs at 6:19, 9:3, 10:20; low independent risk beyond the surrounding access-doctrine context.
Ransom Price
Approved rendering: فدیه
Transliteration: fadyeh
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: λύτρον (implicit background)
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Reserve for contexts specifically emphasizing the price paid (9:15’s background), distinct from رهایی’s broader deliverance sense.
Eternal
Approved rendering: ابدی / جاودانی
Transliteration: abadi / jāvedāni
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἰώνιος
Category: General
NEW TERM. Occurs at 5:9, 6:2, 9:12,14-15, 13:20; standard vocabulary, low independent risk.
Unblemished
Approved rendering: بیعیب
Transliteration: bi-‘eyb
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Atonement
NEW TERM. Occurs at 9:14; standard vocabulary for Christ’s ritual-and-moral qualification as a sacrifice.
Better Superior
Approved rendering: برتر
Transliteration: bartar
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels, Moses, and the Levitical Priesthood
Original: κρείττων / κρεῖσσον
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Structural keyword of the whole book (~13 occurrences: 1:4; 6:9; 7:7,19,22; 8:6; 9:23; 10:34; 11:16,35,40; 12:24); must be rendered identically throughout to preserve the book’s synkrisis (comparison) argument.
Melchizedek
Approved rendering: ملکیصدق
Transliteration: Malki-Sedeq
Doctrine: The Order of Melchizedek
Original: Μελχισέδεκ
Category: Priesthood
NEW TERM (transliterated proper noun). Occurs at 5:6,10; 6:20; 7:1-17. No Quranic counterpart; chiefly a knowledge-gap risk requiring substantial background teaching (Genesis 14), not a doctrinal-collision risk.
Anchor
Approved rendering: لنگر
Transliteration: langar
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἄγκυρα
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Occurs at 6:19. Note the positive Sufi khānegāh ‘langar’ (free communal meal/refuge) resonance as a possible teaching bridge for stability and provision.
Forerunner
Approved rendering: پیشرو
Transliteration: pishrow
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: πρόδρομος
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 6:20. Standard vocabulary; Christ as the one who has entered heaven ahead of believers.
Obsolete Aging
Approved rendering: کهنه شدن
Transliteration: kohne shodan
Doctrine: The Obsolescence of the Old Covenant Order
Original: παλαιόω
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Occurs at 8:13. Teach as fulfillment, not falsification, to avoid feeding the naskh (abrogation) and tahrif (corruption) defaults.
Endurance
Approved rendering: پایداری
Transliteration: pāydāri
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
NEW TERM. Occurs at 10:36, 12:1. Central to the Perseverance and Assurance doctrine.
Better Homeland
Approved rendering: وطن بهتر / شهر آسمانی
Transliteration: vatan-e behtar / shahr-e āsemāni
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: κρείττων πατρίς / πόλις
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 11:14-16. Ties forward to ch.12’s heavenly Jerusalem/Mount Zion.
Unshakeable Kingdom
Approved rendering: ملکوت بیتزلزل
Transliteration: malakut-e bi-tazalzol
Doctrine: The Heavenly Zion and Assurance of Belonging
Original: ἀμετακίνητος βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM. Occurs at 12:28. Reuses baseline ملکوت خدا; retain distinction from Iran’s Velayat-e Faqih state structure.
Sacrifice Of Praise
Approved rendering: قربانی ستایش
Transliteration: qorbāni-ye setāyesh
Doctrine: The Levitical Priesthood and Sacrificial System Superseded
Original: θυσία αἰνέσεως
Category: Worship
NEW TERM. Occurs at 13:15. Reinforces the reinterpretation of ‘sacrifice’ language away from ritual animal offering toward the believer’s ongoing verbal praise.
Christ Unchanging
Approved rendering: همان بودن مسیح
Transliteration: hamān budan-e Masih
Doctrine: The Unchanging Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς χθὲς καὶ σήμερον ὁ αὐτὸς καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (descriptive phrase, 13:8). Closes the book’s Christological argument; reuse baseline عیسی/مسیح exactly within the phrase.
Low Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: نبوت
Transliteration: nabovat
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία (implicit)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies Hebrews’ extensive OT quotation technique throughout.
Exhort
Approved rendering: تشویق کردن
Transliteration: tashviq kardan
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Hebrews 3:13, 10:25 (mutual exhortation not to neglect meeting together); context-sensitive as in the baseline (نصیحت کردن for entreaty, تشویق کردن for encouragement).
Oath
Approved rendering: سوگند / قسم
Transliteration: sogand / qasam
Doctrine: The Permanent, Unsuccessioned Priesthood of Christ
Original: ὅρκος
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Occurs at 6:16-17, 7:20-21,28. Native, low risk; God’s own oath guaranteeing the certainty of his promise regarding Christ’s priesthood.
Sympathize
Approved rendering: همدردی کردن
Transliteration: hamdardi kardan
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ (Solidarity in Suffering)
Original: συμπαθέω
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Occurs at 4:15. Standard vocabulary; Christ’s high-priestly capacity for shared feeling arising from shared testing.
Brothers
Approved rendering: برادران
Transliteration: barādarān
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ (Solidarity in Suffering)
Original: ἀδελφοί
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Occurs at 2:11-12,17; 3:1,12; 10:19; 13:22. Standard vocabulary affirming shared humanity and family status.
Milk Solid Food
Approved rendering: شیر / غذای سخت
Transliteration: shir / ghazā-ye sakht
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: γάλα / βρῶμα
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Occurs at 5:12-14. Standard metaphor vocabulary for elementary versus mature teaching.
Brotherly Love Hospitality
Approved rendering: محبت برادرانه / مهماننوازی
Transliteration: mohabbat-e barādarāneh / mehmān-navāzi
Doctrine: Brotherly Love and Hospitality
Original: φιλαδελφία / φιλοξενία
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Occurs at 13:1-2. مهماننوازی is a genuine positive cultural bridge, a deeply held Persian value reinforcing rather than competing with the biblical instruction.
Moses
Approved rendering: موسی
Transliteration: Musa
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Moses
Original: Μωϋσῆς
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM (proper name, per requirements-doc transliteration list). Occurs at 3:1-6; 7:14; 8:5; 9:19; 11:23-28; 12:21. A shared, deeply honored Quranic prophet (kalim Allah, ‘one who spoke with God’), arguably second only to Muhammad in the Quran’s prophetic hierarchy; the ‘greater than Moses’ argument must be positively framed as fulfillment (son greater than a faithful servant), never as denigration of an already-revered figure.
Referenced passages