Passage

Romans 2

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  罪 also carries criminal-guilt sense and, in folk usage, connects to 報應 (karmic retribution affecting fortune).

  ROM.2.6-11

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  All humanity equally guilty before God, regardless of social standing or 'face'; retain universal language without softening toward a status-graded reading.

  ROM.2.6-11