Core Glossary
Core Glossary — English → Bavarian | Revelation 1–22
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering the entire book of Revelation, chapters 1–22, with the core passage (Revelation 21:1–8) as the theological anchor. Terms marked Baseline are carried over unchanged from the Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json and MUST be reused exactly (spelling included) per the hard rule governing this package. Terms marked New are introduced fresh by Revelation’s distinct vocabulary and proposed here for Phase 1 sign-off before Phase 2 translation memory entry.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s definitions exactly: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence) / High (human theologian review) / Medium (native speaker review) / Low (automated review, native-speaker spot-check for orthography per the baseline’s standing rule).
A. Baseline Terms Reused from Romans (Locked — No Deviation Permitted)
| English Term | Bavarian Rendering | Risk (baseline) | Doctrine(s) in Revelation | Chapters Recurring |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | Evangelium | Medium/Low | Return and Reign of Christ (eternal gospel) | 1, 14 |
| grace | Gnad | High | Assurance of Final Victory (grace/gift contrast) | 1, 21:6 (δωρεάν) |
| faith | Glaam | Medium | Perseverance and Faithful Witness | 2–3, 13, 14, 17, 21:8 (ἄπιστοι) |
| righteousness | Gerechtigkeit | Critical | Judgment of the Wicked / Vindication of the Saints | 19 |
| justification | Rechtfertigung | Critical | Judgment / Vindication of the Saints | (implicit, ch. 6, 20) |
| salvation | Erlösung | High | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 7, 12, 19 |
| apostle | Apostl | Low | Church as Bride of Christ (foundations) | 21 |
| called / calling | beruafa / Beruafung | Medium/High | Sovereignty of God over History | 17 (called, chosen, faithful) |
| holy | heilig | Medium/High | New Heaven and New Earth; Church as Bride | 4, 21, 22 |
| saints | Heiling | High | Judgment / Vindication of the Saints; Worship of the Lamb | 5, 6, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 |
| sanctification | Heiligung | Medium | Perseverance and Faithful Witness | (implicit throughout) |
| adoption | Kindschaft | Medium | Church as Bride; New Heaven and New Earth | 21:7 |
| resurrection | Aufersteh’ng | Medium/Critical | Judgment of the Wicked / Vindication of the Saints | 20, 21:4 |
| lord | Herr | High/Critical | Return and Reign of Christ | 1, 4, 11, 17, 19, 22 |
| son_of_god | Sohn vo Gott | Critical | Return and Reign of Christ (Christological anchor) | see disambiguation note, 21:7 |
| incarnation | Menschwerdung | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth (tabernacling), Church as Bride | 19, 21:3 |
| peace | Friad | Low | Sovereignty of God over History | 1 |
| church | Kirch | High | Church as Bride of Christ | 1–3, 21 (contrast: no temple) |
| kingdom_of_god | s’Reich vo Gott | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ | 1, 11, 12, 20, 22 |
| sin | Sünd | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 18, 21:8 |
| gentiles | Heiden | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth; Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 7, 21 |
| glory | Herrlichkeit | Medium | Worship of the Lamb; New Heaven and New Earth | 1, 4–5, 21 |
| power_of_god | Kraft vo Gott | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | (contrast: exousia, ch. 13) |
| messiah | Messias | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ | (implicit) |
| prophet / prophecy | Prophet / Weissogung | Low | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 1, 10, 11, 22 |
| covenant | Bund | Medium/High | Sovereignty of God over History | 11 |
| election | Erwählung | High | Sovereignty of God over History | 17 (called, chosen) |
| intercession | Fürbitt | High | Worship of the Lamb (prayers of the saints) | 5, 8 |
| providence | Vorsehung | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | (implicit throughout) |
| mission | Mission | Medium | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation (proclamation to nations) | 10, 14 |
| david | David | Low | Return and Reign of Christ (Root of David) | 5, 22 |
| israel | Israel | Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 7, 21 |
| jesus | Jesus | Low | Return and Reign of Christ | throughout |
| god | Gott | Critical | Sovereignty of God over History | throughout |
| holy_spirit | Heiliger Geist | Critical | Worship of the Lamb | 1, 22 |
| father | Voda | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth (21:7 sonship) | 1, 21 |
| exhort | ermahna | Low | Perseverance and Faithful Witness | 2–3 (letters) |
| seed_of_david | Nachkomme vom David | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ (cf. “Root of David,” related but distinct Greek term ῥίζα) | 5, 22 |
| imputed_righteousness | zuagrechnete Gerechtigkeit | Critical | Judgment of the Wicked / Vindication of the Saints | (implicit, book of life) |
B. New Terms Introduced by Revelation (Proposed for Phase 1 Sign-off)
| English Term | Original (Greek) | Bavarian Rendering | Transliteration/Alt-spelling | Risk | Doctrine(s) | First Occurrence | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lamb | ἀρνίον | Lamm | Lammal (diminutive, alt. oral form) | High | Worship of the Lamb | 5:6 | Overlaps “Lamm Gottes” (Agnus Dei) from every Mass; positive-but-flattening liturgical familiarity |
| throne | θρόνος | Thron | Thron | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | 1:4 | Stable borrowed term |
| worship | προσκυνέω | anbeten / Anbetung | ombeten | High | Worship of the Lamb | 4:10 | Collides with Eucharistic Adoration (“Ewige Anbetung”) tradition; must always specify object of worship |
| overcomer / overcome | νικάω | überwinda / Übrwinder | iwawinda | Medium | Perseverance and Faithful Witness | 2:7 | Risk of secular self-help flattening (“overcoming struggles”) vs. costly, sometimes martyrdom-bound endurance |
| witness / martyr | μάρτυς / μαρτυρία | Zeuge / Zeugnis / Blutzeuge (martyr) | Zeig, Zeignis | High | Perseverance and Faithful Witness | 1:5 | Bavarian martyr-relic/veneration tradition risks displacing the call to ordinary believers’ costly testimony with veneration of a distant heroic class |
| tribulation | θλῖψις | Bedrängnis | Bedrängnis | Medium | Perseverance and Faithful Witness | 1:9 | Must retain persecution-specific sense, not generic hardship |
| beast | θηρίον | Tier | Tia | Medium | Judgment of the Wicked; Symbolic Interpretation | 11:7 | Ordinary word for animal; context must signal apocalyptic-monstrous sense |
| dragon / serpent / devil / Satan | δράκων / ὄφις / διάβολος / σατανᾶς | Drache / Schlanga / Teufel / Satan | Drachn, Schlanga | High | Sovereignty over History; Final Victory over Evil | 12:9 | Alpine carnival/folk-devil-figure tradition risks trivializing into theater |
| repent / repentance | μετανοέω / μετάνοια | Buße tuan / Reu ham | Buaß toa | High | Perseverance and Faithful Witness; Judgment | 2:5 | Catholic sacramental Confession (Beichte) risks collapsing inward turning into external ritual act |
| priest / priesthood (of all believers) | ἱερεύς | Priester | Priesta | High | Worship of the Lamb; Church as Bride | 1:6 | Ordained-clergy paradigm (der Herr Pfarrer) dominates; universal priesthood risks not registering or reading as heterodox |
| angel | ἄγγελος | Engl | Engel | Medium | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 1:1 | Sentimentalized folk-Christmas angel imagery vs. Revelation’s powerful, sometimes terrifying divine messengers |
| key (of David / Death / Hades) | κλείς | Schlüssl | Schlissl | Medium | Return and Reign of Christ; Judgment | 1:18 | Authority-over-death symbolism must be retained |
| Hades | ᾅδης | Hades | Hades | Medium | Judgment of the Wicked | 1:18 | Distinguish from Greek myth underworld-deity and from Catholic Hölle/Fegfeuer |
| abyss | ἄβυσσος | Abgrund | Obgrund | Medium/High | Judgment of the Wicked | 9:1 | Risk of conflation with Catholic Purgatory (Fegfeuer) doctrine |
| lake of fire / second death | λίμνη τοῦ πυρός / θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος | Feuersee / zweite Dod | Feuasee, zwoate Dod | High (Critical routing recommended) | Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints | 19:20; 21:8 | The single most acute Catholic-doctrine collision point (Purgatory vs. final judgment); human theologian review mandatory every occurrence |
| book of life | βίβλος/βιβλίον τῆς ζωῆς | s’Buach vom Leb’n | Buach vom Lebm | Medium | Judgment / Vindication of the Saints | 3:5 | Retain judicial-registry sense, not mere poetic metaphor |
| millennium / thousand years | χίλια ἔτη | s’tausendjährige Reich | tausndjährige Reich | Critical | Return and Reign of Christ; Symbolic Interpretation | 20:2-7 | Interpretive-neutrality required across millennial traditions; human theologian review mandatory |
| first resurrection | ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη | de easchte Aufersteh’ng | eascht’ Aufersteh’ng | Medium | Judgment / Vindication of the Saints | 20:5 | Sequence (first/second), not a repeating cycle — reincarnation caution extended |
| new Jerusalem | καινὴ Ἰερουσαλήμ | s’neue Jerusalem | s’neu Jerusalem | Medium/High | New Heaven and New Earth | 3:12; 21:2 | Modern political-geographic Jerusalem conflation risk, parallel to baseline’s “Israel” caution |
| bride | νύμφη | Braut | Braud | High | Church as Bride of Christ | 19:7; 21:2, 9 | Colloquial Bavarian slang “Braut” = girlfriend; risks trivializing register |
| marriage supper of the Lamb | γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου | s’Hochzeitsmahl vom Lamm | Hochzeitsmoi vom Lamm | High | Church as Bride of Christ; Worship of the Lamb | 19:7, 9 | Must retain covenantal wedding-banquet sense |
| tabernacle / dwell | σκηνόω | wohna / Zelt aufschlagn | wohna | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth | 21:3 | Ties directly to baseline incarnation (Menschwerdung) — same root as John 1:14 |
| tears | δάκρυον | Zähern | Zaehan | Low | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 21:4 | Genuine native dialect word — positive coinage opportunity |
| curse | κατάρα | Fluach | Fluach | Low/Medium | New Heaven and New Earth | 22:3 | Must retain covenantal/Edenic sense, not “bad luck” |
| mystery | μυστήριον | Geheimnis | Gheimnis | Medium | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 10:7; 17:5 | Positive Catholic “Glaubensgeheimnis” resonance; must mean “revealed hidden truth” not “riddle” |
| authority (of the beast) | ἐξουσία | Vollmacht / Gwalt | Gwoit | Medium/High | Judgment of the Wicked; Sovereignty over History | 13:2 | Distinct from baseline’s δύναμις-based “power_of_god”; 20th-c. totalitarian-authority resonance double-edged |
| mark of the beast | χάραγμα | s’Zeichn vom Tier | Zeichn vom Tia | Medium/High | Judgment of the Wicked | 13:16 | Modern pop-eschatology risks literalizing into barcode/microchip speculation |
| 144,000 | ἑκατὸν τεσσεράκοντα τέσσαρες χιλιάδες | hundertvierazwanzigtausend | 144.000 (numeral) | High | Vindication of the Saints; Symbolic Interpretation | 7:4; 14:1 | Strong collision with Jehovah’s Witnesses’ literal-elite-class doctrine, notable in German-speaking Europe |
| Armageddon | Ἁρμαγεδών | Harmagedon | Armageddon | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | 16:16 | Secular pop-culture “doomsday” contamination, parallel structurally to baseline’s Heil caution |
| morning star | ὁ ἀστὴρ ὁ πρωϊνός | da Morgnstern | Morgnstern | High | Return and Reign of Christ | 2:28; 22:16 | Same image traditionally associated with Lucifer/Satan (Isaiah 14:12 Vulgate); context must anchor referent to Christ |
| the woman (ch. 12) | γυνή | s’Weib / de Frau | s’Weiwe | Critical/High | Church as Bride of Christ; Sovereignty over History | 12:1 | Strong exclusive-Marian pull from Catholic liturgical/artistic tradition (Assumption feast reading) |
| Michael | Μιχαήλ | Michael | Michael | Low (positive) | Sovereignty of God over History | 12:7 | Bavaria’s own patron-saint devotion to St. Michael; risk of over-personalizing as personal intercessor |
| ark of the covenant (heavenly) | ἡ κιβωτὸς τῆς διαθήκης | d’Bundslad | Bundslodn | High | Sovereignty of God over History | 11:19 | Catholic Marian title (“Ark of the [New] Covenant,” Litany of Loreto) risks same Marian-collision as “the woman” |
| the great harlot | ἡ πόρνη ἡ μεγάλη | de große Hur | groaße Huar | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 17:1 | Coarse register in daily dialect; symbolic-system meaning must not be misapplied to a real people/place |
| beast’s parody title (“was, is not, and yet is”) | ἦν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν καὶ ἔστιν | (render literally + interpretive flag) | — | High | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 17:8, 11 | Deliberate demonic counterfeit of God’s own eternal title (1:4,8; 21:6; 22:13); must not be confused with the divine original |
| crown: victor’s wreath vs. royal diadem | στέφανος vs. διάδημα | Kranz vs. Krone | Kranz, Kron | Medium | Perseverance and Faithful Witness; Symbolic Interpretation | 2:10 vs. 12:3 | Conflating loses the literary contrast between the martyr’s true reward and the beast’s counterfeit royalty |
| Word of God (title of the Rider) | ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ | s’Wort vo Gott | Wort vo Gott | High | Return and Reign of Christ | 19:13 | Same divine Logos as John 1:14 / baseline’s Menschwerdung — must not read as merely “a message” |
| King of Kings and Lord of Lords | βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ κύριος κυρίων | König der Könige und Herr der Herrn | Kenig vo de Kenig | High | Return and Reign of Christ | 19:16 | Absolute exclusive supremacy, not “a king among kings” |
| no temple, for the Lamb is its temple | ναός (contrast statement) | koa Tempe mehr — s’Lamm is selm da Tempe | koa Tempe | High | New Heaven and New Earth; Church as Bride | 21:22 | Directly engages baseline’s High-risk “Kirch” (building-centrality) finding; frame as future fulfillment, not present devaluation |
| do not worship me — worship God | προσκύνησον τῷ θεῷ | Bet Gott an — net mi! | Bet Gott o | High | Worship of the Lamb | 22:8-9 | Capstone corrective to every angel/saint-veneration collision risk in the book |
| Come, Lord Jesus | ἔρχου, κύριε Ἰησοῦ | Kimm, Herr Jesus! | Kimm, Herr Jesus | High | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 22:20 | Climactic confession of hope; render identically wherever quoted, parallel to Romans 10:9 consistency rule |
| faithful and true (of God’s words/character) | πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός | treu und wahrhaftig | treu und woahrhaftig | Medium | Sovereignty of God over History | 3:14; 21:5; 19:11 | Attribute of God’s reliability, NOT an instance of human “Glaam” (faith) — do not conflate |
| son (believer’s adoptive sonship, 21:7) | υἱός | Sohn / Kind | Kind | Critical-adjacent | New Heaven and New Earth; ties Adoption doctrine | 21:7 | MUST NOT be rendered with baseline’s “Sohn vo Gott,” reserved exclusively for Christ’s unique Sonship |
| bought / redeemed (commercial-purchase metaphor) | ἀγοράζω | erkaufa | erkaaft | Medium/High | Worship of the Lamb | 5:9 | Distinct costly-purchase nuance alongside baseline’s Erlösung; teach together |
| the sea (removed) | θάλασσα | s’Meer | Meer | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth | 21:1 | Symbol of chaos/threat removed, not a literal hydrological claim; gender-ambiguity note (der/die See) |
| new (qualitative) | καινός | neu | nej | Medium | New Heaven and New Earth | 21:1, 5 | Qualitative renewal, not “another one in a series” |
| holy city / New Jerusalem’s holiness | πόλις ἁγία | heilige Stod | heilige Stod | High | New Heaven and New Earth | 21:2 | Reuse baseline “heilig”; “Stadt” > “Stod” per regular t>d, a>o pattern |
| synagogue of Satan | συναγωγὴ τοῦ σατανᾶ | d’Synagog vom Satan | Synagog vom Satan | Critical | Perseverance and Faithful Witness; Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2:9; 3:9 | Acute anti-Jewish-misreading risk given Bavaria’s specific 20th-c. history; human theologian review mandatory every occurrence |
| idolaters | εἰδωλολάτραι | Götzendiener | Getzndiena | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 21:8; 9:20 | Must distinguish from Catholic devotional use of sacred images/statues (structurally parallel to justification register-gap) |
| sorcerers | φαρμακοί | Zauberer / Giftmischer | Giftmischa | High | Judgment of the Wicked | 21:8; 9:21 | Collides with remembered Alpine folk-healing/blessing-speaker (Brauchen) traditions; requires careful framing |
| the great harlot’s fall / Babylon | Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη | Babylon de Große | Babylon | Medium | Judgment of the Wicked | 14:8; 16:19; 17-18 | Symbolic corrupt world-system, not a literal geographic indictment |
| incense = prayers of the saints | θυμίαμα | Weihrauch | Weihrauch | High | Worship of the Lamb | 5:8; 8:3-4 | Cross-references baseline’s Fürbitt/saints High-risk cluster; clarify corporate sense (all believers) |
| gschenkt / freely given (δωρεάν) | δωρεάν | gratis / gschenkt | gschenkt | High | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 21:6; 22:17 | Same unmerited-gift principle as baseline’s Grace entry; guard against votive/pilgrimage merit reading |
C. Risk Summary (New Terms Only)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 3 | Human theologian, every occurrence |
| High | 26 | Human theologian review |
| Medium | 20 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 4 | Automated review + native-speaker orthography spot-check |
Note on totals: Combined with the Baseline-reused terms in Section A (all of which retain their original baseline risk tiers unchanged), the full Revelation glossary skews markedly more High/Critical than the Romans baseline — driven by three Bavarian-Catholic-specific collision clusters documented in 07_semantic_analysis.md: (1) Purgatory/final-judgment conflation, (2) Marian/saints devotional identification, and (3) folk-carnival devil-figure trivialization — none of which had comparable weight in the Romans package.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: Gerechtigkeit
Transliteration: Gerechtigkeit
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL, and illustrative of this package’s central finding: abstract Reformation-controversy vocabulary was historically handled in Latin or standard German in Bavarian Catholic life, not in spoken dialect, so no native Boarisch coinage exists. Retained with standard-German form and Bavarian pronunciation. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to Revelation 19’s judgment/vindication imagery.
Justification
Approved rendering: Rechtfertigung
Transliteration: Rechtfertigung
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαίωσις
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: essentially borrowed wholesale from standard German; limited lived pastoral currency for a historically Catholic dialect-speaking population. Retained for curriculum completeness. Inherited from Romans package.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: Aufersteh’ng
Transliteration: Auferstehung
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
-ung > -‘ng contraction, a regular dialect pattern; otherwise essentially borrowed from standard German with no native folk term. Inherited from Romans package; Revelation 20 introduces a sequence (first/second resurrection) requiring extra care to avoid reincarnation-cycle confusion.
Lord
Approved rendering: Herr
Transliteration: Herr
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Note the flattening dynamic is inverted relative to standard German: Bavarian daily speech defaults heavily to informal address even in contexts where standard German uses formal titles, giving ‘Herr’ more inherent religious/formal weight in dialect usage. Inherited from Romans package; risk tier raised to Critical for Revelation given its culminating role in ‘König der Könige und Herr der Herrn’ (19:16) and ‘Kimm, Herr Jesus!’ (22:20).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Sohn vo Gott
Transliteration: Sohn vom Gott
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
CRITICAL: full phrase required, conveying eternal, unique Sonship. Inherited from Romans package. ABSOLUTE FORBIDDEN SUBSTITUTION: never use for Revelation 21:7’s believer’s adoptive sonship, which must be rendered ‘Sohn’ or ‘Kind’ only — the most important disambiguation point in the Revelation curriculum.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: Menschwerdung
Transliteration: Menschwerdung
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο
Category: Christology
Borrowed as-is from standard German; well-established via Catholic Christmas liturgy. Inherited from Romans package; risk tier raised to Critical for Revelation because 21:3’s tabernacling promise (skēnōsei, same root as John 1:14) and 19:13’s ‘Word of God’ title must both be explicitly tied back to this doctrine as its eschatological fulfillment.
God
Approved rendering: Gott
Transliteration: Herrgott
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός / אֱלֹהִים / יהוה
Category: God
‘Herrgott’ is the characteristic Bavarian/Alpine Catholic folk term for God; caution against irreverent register bleed. Inherited from Romans package; risk tier raised to Critical for Revelation given the throne-room worship scenes and the mandate never to substitute ‘Jehova’ (per the Jehovah’s Witnesses’ Neue-Welt-Übersetzung, which this curriculum must never echo).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Heiliger Geist
Transliteration: Heiliga Geist
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Borrowed from standard German; the personal third Person of the Trinity. Inherited from Romans package; risk tier raised to Critical for Revelation given the Spirit’s role in the opening vision (1:4, ‘the seven spirits’) and closing invitation (22:17).
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: zuagrechnete Gerechtigkeit
Transliteration: zuagrechnate Gerechtigkeit
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: verdiante Gerechtigkeit
Original: ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: like ‘Gerechtigkeit’ and ‘Rechtfertigung’, a borrowed standard-German theological compound with no native dialect coinage. Inherited from Romans package; implicit background for the Book of Life’s judicial-registry sense (3:5, 20:12, 21:27).
Lake Of Fire Second Death
Approved rendering: Feuersee / zweite Dod
Transliteration: Feuasee / zwoate Dod
Doctrine: Purgatory vs. Final Judgment Distinction
Rejected alternatives: Fegfeuer-style temporary-purification framing
Original: ἡ λίμνη ἡ καιομένη πυρὶ καὶ θείῳ / ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος
Category: Eschatology
CRITICAL — the single most acute Bavarian Catholic doctrinal-collision point in the whole curriculum: Fegfeuer (Purgatory) is a temporary, purifying fire, categorically distinct from this passage’s final, eternal, unrepeatable judgment (19:20, 20:10, 20:14-15, 21:8). Mandatory disambiguating gloss at every occurrence: ‘koa Reinigung, sondern s’End’ (not a purification, but the end). Mandatory human theologian review every occurrence.
Millennium
Approved rendering: s’tausendjährige Reich
Transliteration: tausndjährige Reich
Doctrine: Millennial Reign Interpretation
Original: χίλια ἔτη
Category: Eschatology
CRITICAL — an interpretive-neutrality risk rather than a purely lexical one (20:1-7): the rendering and all accompanying teaching notes must describe the text without resolving it in favor of one particular millennial eschatological tradition (amillennial, premillennial, postmillennial) over another. Mandatory human theologian review every occurrence.
The Woman Revelation 12
Approved rendering: s’Weib / de Frau
Transliteration: s’Weiwe
Doctrine: Marian Devotional Collision (the Woman of Revelation 12)
Original: γυνή
Category: Church
CRITICAL: a symbolic figure representing the corporate people of God (Israel/the church) (12:1). Revelation 12 is the assigned lectionary reading for the Feast of the Assumption of Mary, and countless Bavarian frescoes/altarpieces depict this figure as Mary; extremely strong pull toward exclusive Marian identification that would displace the corporate referent central to the text. Render literally in the main text (no Marian annotation in-text); reserve Marian-parallel discussion for teaching notes that recover the primary corporate referent without flatly denying legitimate secondary Marian resonance. Mandatory human theologian review every occurrence.
Son Believer Adoptive Sonship
Approved rendering: Sohn / Kind
Transliteration: Kind
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance in the New Creation
Rejected alternatives: Sohn vo Gott (reserved exclusively for Christ; absolute forbidden substitution)
Original: υἱός
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: believers’ adoptive sonship and full inheritance rights as overcomers (21:7). Must NEVER be rendered with baseline’s locked ‘Sohn vo Gott,’ reserved exclusively for Christ’s eternal, unique, co-equal divine Sonship. One of the most important disambiguation points in the entire Revelation curriculum; mandatory human theologian review every occurrence.
Synagogue Of Satan
Approved rendering: d’Synagog vom Satan
Transliteration: Synagog vom Satan
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in the New Creation
Original: συναγωγὴ τοῦ σατανᾶ
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
CRITICAL: a first-century polemical label for a specific opposing group in an intra-Jewish/Christian dispute (2:9, 3:9). Given Bavaria’s acute historical sensitivity (Munich as the historic Nazi ‘Hauptstadt der Bewegung’), requires the most careful contextual framing of any term in the book — never a statement about the Jewish people as such. Mandatory human theologian review every occurrence, with required historical-contextual framing accompanying any teaching use.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: Gnad
Transliteration: Gnod
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Final -e dropped, a regular Bavarian apocope pattern (Gnade > Gnad). Bavarian Catholic folk piety (Wallfahrt, pilgrimage vows, indulgence-adjacent devotional practice) can carry a transactional ‘grace obtained through devotion’ undertone; must render as wholly unmerited and apart from any devotional transaction. Inherited from Romans package; teach directly alongside Revelation’s ‘freely given’ (dōrean, 21:6, 22:17) as the same doctrine restated.
Salvation
Approved rendering: Erlösung
Transliteration: Erlesung
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Heil (Nazi-era contamination risk, acute in Bavaria specifically)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
HIGH RISK: as in standard German, ‘Heil’ carries Nazi-era contamination; sharper for Bavarian specifically since Munich was the movement’s historic headquarters. ‘Erlösung’ is preferred. Inherited from Romans package; anchors ‘Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil’ throughout Revelation.
Called
Approved rendering: beruafa
Transliteration: beruaft
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Context-sensitive across senses. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to Revelation 17:14’s ‘called, chosen, faithful’.
Calling
Approved rendering: Beruafung
Transliteration: Berufung
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Shares standard German’s homonym collision with career/life calling. Inherited from Romans package.
Holy
Approved rendering: heilig
Transliteration: hoalig
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Set apart for God and morally pure. Inherited from Romans package; foundational to the New Jerusalem’s ‘heilige Stod’ (21:2) and the ‘Holy, Holy, Holy’ throne-room refrain (4:8), which positively echoes the Catholic Sanctus.
Saints
Approved rendering: Heiling
Transliteration: de Heiling
Doctrine: Sainthood
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
HIGH RISK: Bavarian Catholic folk piety centers heavily on local patron saints and Namenstag culture; ‘de Heiling’ overwhelmingly defaults to venerated canonized figures, not the corporate sense. Inherited from Romans package; recurs extensively through Revelation 5-20 and directly intersects the incense-as-prayers-of-the-saints image (5:8, 8:3-4).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: Heiligung
Transliteration: Heiligung
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Borrowed from standard German; the Spirit’s ongoing work of making believers holy. Inherited from Romans package.
Adoption
Approved rendering: Kindschaft
Transliteration: Kindschaft
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: Adoption (bare, legal-procedural)
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation
Register-gap term, borrowed as-is from standard German; no native dialect coinage. Inherited from Romans package; directly relevant to Revelation 21:7’s inheritance promise, though 21:7’s ‘Sohn/Kind’ must never be rendered with the separate, locked term ‘Sohn vo Gott’.
Church
Approved rendering: Kirch
Transliteration: Kircha
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: Gmoa (secular-administrative default, rejected)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
HIGH RISK: in Bavarian village life the parish church is the literal, physical center of communal identity (Kirchweih/Kirwa festival). Inherited from Romans package; the seven letters (ch. 2-3) address concrete named local assemblies, reinforcing the building/parish pull; Revelation 21:22’s ‘no temple’ statement directly engages this same risk and must be framed as future fulfillment, never present devaluation.
Sin
Approved rendering: Sünd
Transliteration: Sind
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
HIGH RISK: colloquial Bavarian uses ‘Sünd’ loosely for minor indulgence, risking trivialization of culpable rebellion against God. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to Revelation 18’s Babylon indictment and 21:8’s vice list.
Covenant
Approved rendering: Bund
Transliteration: Bund
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Relational covenant bond; borrowed as-is from standard German. Inherited from Romans package; risk tier raised to High for Revelation because the heavenly ‘Bundslad’ (Ark of the Covenant, 11:19) carries the same Marian-title collision documented for the woman of chapter 12.
Election
Approved rendering: Erwählung
Transliteration: Erwöahlung
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
HIGH RISK: register gap, not a competing confessional battleground, for Bavarian dialect-speaking Catholic culture. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to Revelation 17:14’s ‘called, chosen, faithful’.
Intercession
Approved rendering: Fürbitt
Transliteration: Fiabitt
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: ὑπερεντυγχάνει / ἔντευξις
Category: Faith
HIGH RISK: Bavarian Catholic folk piety includes intense Marian devotion centered on Altötting; strongly defaults toward Marian/saint intercessory prayer practice. Inherited from Romans package; directly cross-referenced by Revelation 5:8/8:3-4’s incense-as-prayers-of-the-saints image, which must be taught as corporate (all believers), not Marian/patron-saint-specific.
Lamb
Approved rendering: Lamm
Transliteration: Lammal
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ἀρνίον
Category: Christology
HIGH RISK: direct overlap with ‘Lamm Gottes’ (Agnus Dei) recited at every Catholic Mass. This liturgical familiarity aids recognition but risks flattening Revelation’s specific slain-yet-triumphant, throne-room Lamb imagery into repeated liturgical formula. 28+ occurrences.
Almighty
Approved rendering: Allmächtige
Transliteration: Allmächdige
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Original: παντοκράτωρ
Category: God
HIGH RISK: the everyday Bavarian exclamation ‘Allmächd!’ (mild surprise/profanity interjection) derives from the identical root, risking irreverent register bleed, directly parallel to the baseline’s ‘Herrgott’ caution. Always use the full formal title ‘der Allmächtige Gott’, never bare ‘Allmächtige’ adjacent to casual register.
Alpha Omega
Approved rendering: Alpha und Omega
Transliteration: Alpha und Omega
Doctrine: Deity and Eternal Titles of Christ
Original: τὸ Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ / ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ τὸ τέλος
Category: Christology
HIGH RISK: divine self-designation of eternality, applied to the Father (1:8, 21:6) and Christ (22:13); deliberately parodied by the beast (‘was, and is not, and yet is,’ ch. 13, 17). Must always state the parody-relationship explicitly on first teaching occurrence per lesson.
Worship
Approved rendering: anbeten
Transliteration: ombeten
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Worship
HIGH RISK: collides with Bavarian Catholic Eucharistic Adoration (‘Ewige Anbetung’). Every occurrence must clearly specify the object of worship (‘Gott anbeten’ / ‘s’Lamm anbeten’), never a bare verb, since Revelation itself explicitly corrects misdirected worship toward angels (22:8-9).
Priest Priesthood Of Believers
Approved rendering: Priester
Transliteration: Priesta
Doctrine: Universal Priesthood of Believers
Original: ἱερεύς / βασιλεία καὶ ἱερεῖς
Category: Church
HIGH RISK: Bavarian Catholic identity centers on an ordained, sacramentally set-apart priesthood (‘der Herr Pfarrer’); the NT’s every-believer priesthood claim (1:6, 5:10, 20:6) risks either not registering or reading as heterodox. Always pair with explicit ‘alle Gläubign sind Priester’ framing.
Abyss
Approved rendering: Obgrund
Transliteration: Abgrund
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἄβυσσος
Category: Eschatology
HIGH RISK: the bottomless pit, prison of demonic powers and, in ch. 20, of Satan himself. Without careful distinction, the temporary-imprisonment concept risks unconscious assimilation to Fegfeuer’s temporary-but-purifying framework; the abyss is restraint/punishment, not purification.
First Resurrection
Approved rendering: de easchte Aufersteh’ng
Transliteration: eascht’ Aufersteh’ng
Doctrine: Resurrection of the Dead
Original: ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη
Category: Eschatology
HIGH RISK: introduces a sequence of resurrections (first/second, 20:5-6) rather than the single once-for-all event baseline’s ‘Aufersteh’ng’ entry primarily addresses; must avoid reincarnation-cycle confusion, now compounded by ordinal sequencing.
New Jerusalem Holy City
Approved rendering: d’heilige Stod, s’neue Jerusalem
Transliteration: heilige Stod, s’neu Jerusalem
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ἡ πόλις ἡ ἁγία, Ἰερουσαλὴμ καινή
Category: Eschatology
HIGH RISK, parallel to the baseline’s Israel caution: ‘Jerusalem’ carries acute modern political-geographic weight (3:12, 21:2); must anchor firmly as a future, heavenly reality, never a claim about the present earthly city or state.
Bride
Approved rendering: Braut
Transliteration: Braud
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: νύμφη
Category: Church
HIGH RISK: everyday spoken Bavarian, especially among younger speakers, uses ‘Braut’ as casual slang for ‘girlfriend’; every devotional/teaching use (19:7, 21:2, 9) requires solemn, formal framing to avoid trivializing this covenantal image.
Marriage Supper Of The Lamb
Approved rendering: s’Hochzeitsmahl vom Lamm
Transliteration: Hochzeitsmoi vom Lamm
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: ὁ γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Church
The consummated covenant union/wedding banquet between Christ and his people (19:7, 9). Must retain the covenantal wedding-banquet sense; full compound phrase only, never shortened.
Authority Of The Beast
Approved rendering: Vollmacht / Gwalt
Transliteration: Gwoit
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
HIGH RISK: delegated, derivative authority permitted to the beast under God’s ultimate sovereignty (13:2), distinct from baseline’s raw ‘Kraft vo Gott’. Germany’s/Bavaria’s 20th-century totalitarian resonance is double-edged; use ‘Gwalt, de eahm gebm is worn’ (authority given to it) to keep the delegated sense explicit and resist narrowing to a single historical referent.
Mark Of The Beast
Approved rendering: s’Zeichn vom Tier
Transliteration: Zeichn vom Tia
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: χάραγμα
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
HIGH RISK: a symbolic brand/stamp of total allegiance to the beast’s system (13:16-17). Popular contemporary speculation (barcodes, microchips, digital IDs) risks literalizing a symbolic total-allegiance marker; teaching material must explicitly correct this reduction.
The 144000
Approved rendering: hundertvierazwanzigtausend
Transliteration: 144.000
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: two-tier literal elite-class reading (Jehovah’s Witnesses’ Neue-Welt-Übersetzung interpretation)
Original: ἑκατὸν τεσσεράκοντα τέσσαρες χιλιάδες
Category: Eschatology
HIGH RISK: a symbolic number (12x12x1000) representing the complete, full number of God’s sealed servants (7:4, 14:1). Strong collision with Jehovah’s Witnesses’ literal, numerically-capped elite-class doctrine, a live pastoral concern in German-speaking Europe. Teaching notes must present 7:4 and 7:9 as two descriptions of the same complete redeemed people, never two separate classes.
Morning Star
Approved rendering: da Morgnstern
Transliteration: Morgnstern
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ὁ ἀστὴρ ὁ πρωϊνός
Category: Christology
HIGH RISK — dual collision: the identical image is traditionally associated with Satan/Lucifer (Vulgate Isaiah 14:12) AND with Mary (Litany of Loreto, ‘Stella Matutina’). A messianic title for Christ (2:28, 22:16); context must always clearly anchor the referent to Christ, excluding both competing referents explicitly.
Ark Of The Covenant Heavenly
Approved rendering: d’Bundslad
Transliteration: Bundslodn
Doctrine: Covenant Faithfulness and God’s Dwelling with His People
Original: ἡ κιβωτὸς τῆς διαθήκης
Category: Covenant
HIGH RISK: the heavenly counterpart of Israel’s covenant symbol (11:19). Catholic Marian devotional tradition applies ‘Ark of the [New] Covenant’ as a title for Mary (Litany of Loreto), creating the same exclusive-Marian pull documented for ‘the woman’ of ch. 12; treat as one collision cluster with that entry.
Great Harlot
Approved rendering: de große Hur
Transliteration: groaße Huar
Doctrine: Sexual Immorality and Moral Purity
Original: ἡ πόρνη ἡ μεγάλη
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
HIGH RISK: a symbolic figure of a corrupt, seductive world-system opposed to God, not a literal ethnic/geographic indictment (17:1). The ‘Hur’-root vocabulary carries a coarse, sensitive register in everyday dialect; must maintain dignified register while clarifying the symbolic-system meaning, never applied to any real people, place, or ethnic group.
Beast Parody Title
Approved rendering: (render literally with interpretive flag; no single fixed term)
Transliteration: —
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: ἦν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν καὶ… ἔστιν
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
A deliberate demonic parody of God’s own eternal self-designation (17:8, 11). Must be explicitly taught as a counterfeit/parody of the divine title (1:4, 8; 21:6; 22:13), never confused with or allowed to dilute the original.
Word Of God Title
Approved rendering: s’Wort vo Gott
Transliteration: Wort vo Gott
Doctrine: Deity and Eternal Titles of Christ
Original: ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology
HIGH RISK: a Christological title for the victorious Rider (19:13), identical to John’s Gospel’s title for the eternal Logos. Must be explicitly connected to baseline’s Menschwerdung doctrine; this is the same divine Logos, not merely ‘a message from God.‘
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: König der Könige und Herr der Herrn
Transliteration: Kenig vo de Kenig
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Original: βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ κύριος κυρίων
Category: Christology
HIGH RISK: the supreme, exclusive title of Christ’s universal reign (19:16). Must retain the absolute, exclusive-supremacy force, never softened into ‘a king among kings.‘
No Temple Lamb Is Temple
Approved rendering: koa Tempe mehr — s’Lamm is selm da Tempe
Transliteration: koa Tempe
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: ναός
Category: Church
HIGH RISK: God’s presence in the new creation is fully, unmediatedly accessible, with no separate temple structure needed (21:22). Directly engages baseline’s High-risk ‘Kirch’ finding (Kirchweih/Kirwa festival culture); must be framed as future eschatological fulfillment, never present devaluation of church buildings and sacramental life today.
Worship God Not Me
Approved rendering: Bet Gott an — net mi!
Transliteration: Bet Gott o
Doctrine: Idolatry and False Worship
Original: προσκύνησον τῷ θεῷ
Category: Worship
HIGH RISK — capstone corrective: the angel’s explicit refusal of John’s worship, redirecting it to God alone (22:8-9). Given the strong existing veneration practices for angels/saints documented throughout this package, this refusal must be preserved with full force, never softened, since it anchors every other devotional-collision caution in the book.
Come Lord Jesus
Approved rendering: Kimm, Herr Jesus!
Transliteration: Kimm, Herr Jesus
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: ἔρχου, κύριε Ἰησοῦ
Category: Eschatology
HIGH RISK: the book’s climactic closing prayer of eschatological longing (22:20), parallel in weight to baseline’s consistency-critical Romans 10:9. Must be rendered identically wherever quoted across all teaching documents.
Bought Redeemed
Approved rendering: erkaufa
Transliteration: erkaaft
Doctrine: Atonement and the Blood of the Lamb
Original: ἀγοράζω
Category: Salvation
The commercial-purchase metaphor for the Lamb’s atoning work — ‘bought with your blood’ (5:9). Must retain the costly, blood-price sense distinct from, but complementary to, baseline’s more abstract ‘Erlösung’; teach both together.
Idolaters
Approved rendering: Götzendiener
Transliteration: Getzndiena
Doctrine: Idolatry and False Worship
Original: εἰδωλολάτραι
Category: Sin
HIGH RISK: those who give ultimate worship/allegiance to images or false gods (9:20, 21:8). Bavarian Catholic devotional practice makes extensive positive use of sacred images, statues, and wayside shrines (Marterl); must clearly distinguish biblical idolatry from image-aided veneration.
Sorcerers
Approved rendering: Zauberer / Giftmischer
Transliteration: Giftmischa
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: φαρμακοί
Category: Sin
HIGH RISK: occult practitioners/magic-workers using drugs or potions for spiritual manipulation (9:21, 21:8). Rural Alpine Bavarian folk culture has its own remembered tradition of folk-healers/blessing-speakers (‘Brauchen’/‘Besprechen’); must distinguish occult manipulation from unrelated folk-medicinal custom without unfairly demonizing the latter.
Incense Prayers Of The Saints
Approved rendering: Weihrauch
Transliteration: Weihrauch
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession of the Saints
Original: θυμίαμα
Category: Worship
HIGH RISK: the incense-bowls explicitly identified as the corporate prayers of all believers (5:8, 8:3-4). Cross-references baseline’s High-risk ‘Fürbitt’/‘Heiling’; must be taught as the prayers of all believers collectively, reinforcing rather than displacing the caution against a Marian/patron-saint-specific reading.
Freely Given Dorean
Approved rendering: gratis / gschenkt
Transliteration: gschenkt
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: δωρεάν
Category: Salvation
HIGH RISK: without payment, as a free gift (21:6, 22:17). Must be handled as carefully as baseline’s Grace entry — Bavarian Catholic votive/pilgrimage culture could pull this toward a reward given for devotion shown, when the text insists on a gift requiring only need, not merit.
Witness Martyr
Approved rendering: Zeuge / Zeugnis
Transliteration: Zeig, Zeignis
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: μάρτυς / μαρτυρία
Category: Faith
HIGH RISK: costly, truthful testimony to Christ, including unto death (1:5, 12:11). Bavarian Catholic martyr-relic veneration tradition risks displacing every ordinary believer’s costly testimony with veneration of a distant, exceptional class; consistently pair with ‘a jeder Gläubige’ (every believer) framing.
Repentance
Approved rendering: Buße tuan / Reu ham
Transliteration: Buaß toa
Doctrine: The Seven Churches’ Call to Repentance
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Sanctification
HIGH RISK: an inward, Spirit-wrought total reorientation of heart and life, the dominant call of the seven letters (2:5 etc.). Bavarian Catholic sacramental Confession (Beichte) risks collapsing this into an external ritual act; prefer ‘Reu ham und’s Herz umkehrn’ where the letters’ total-reorientation sense is in view.
Two Witnesses
Approved rendering: de zwoa Zeugn
Transliteration: zwoa Zeugn
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: δύο μάρτυρες
Category: Faith
Faithful prophetic testimony under persecution, killed and then vindicated by resurrection (11:3-12). Central narrative embodiment of faithful witness; reuses the witness/martyr vocabulary and its relic-veneration collision risk.
Works Deeds
Approved rendering: Werk
Transliteration: Weak
Doctrine: The Seven Churches’ Call to Repentance
Original: ἔργα
Category: Salvation
HIGH RISK: deeds/actions cited as evidence of faith’s genuineness in the seven letters (‘I know your works’), not the basis of salvation. Must not reintroduce a merit-earns-standing framework; ties directly to baseline’s justification/grace Critical-risk cluster.
Kingdom Of The World Become The Lords
Approved rendering: s’Reich vo dera Welt is jetz s’Reich vo unserm Herrn
Transliteration: s’Reich vo dera Welt is jetz s’Reich vo unserm Herrn
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ κόσμου… τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν
Category: Kingdom
HIGH RISK: the seventh-trumpet proclamation that the kingdoms of this world have become the kingdom of Christ (11:15). A key cross-document consistency verse; should be rendered identically wherever it recurs, per the baseline’s precedent for Romans 8:28/10:9.
Souls Under The Altar
Approved rendering: de Seeln unterm Altar, de schreiat: wia lang, Herr…
Transliteration: de Seeln unterm Altar
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ψυχαί
Category: Eschatology
HIGH RISK: the martyrs’ souls crying out for divine vindication and justice (6:9-10). Foundational vindication text; must retain the raw, unresolved urgency of the cry, never softened into passive resignation.
Wrath Of The Lamb
Approved rendering: da Zorn vom Lamm
Transliteration: da Zorn vom Lamm
Doctrine: Divine Wrath and Justice
Original: ὀργὴ τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Christology
HIGH RISK: a deliberate theological paradox juxtaposing the Lamb’s gentleness with righteous divine wrath (6:16). Softening either side loses Revelation’s distinctive holding of mercy and judgment together in one figure.
Washed In The Blood Of The Lamb
Approved rendering: gwaschn im Bluat vom Lamm
Transliteration: gwaschn im Bluat vom Lamm
Doctrine: Atonement and the Blood of the Lamb
Original: πλύνω ἐν τῷ αἵματι τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Salvation
Atoning cleansing through Christ’s sacrificial death (7:14). Continuity with baseline’s flagged atonement/propitiation caution (Romans 3:25); must retain the costly, blood-atonement sense without gratuitous or clinical distancing.
Abaddon Apollyon
Approved rendering: Abaddon / Apollyon
Transliteration: Abaddon, Apollyon
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Demonic Powers
Original: Ἀβαδδών / Ἀπολλύων
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
HIGH RISK: ‘Destruction’/‘Destroyer’, names of the angel-king of the abyss (9:11). Alpine/Bavarian folk-carnival culture (Fasching, Oberammergau) risks trivializing into folkloric theater rather than the serious cosmic-evil figure the text presents; retain the transliterated proper names, never paraphrase into a common Bavarian word.
Dragon Serpent Devil Satan
Approved rendering: Drache / de oide Schlanga / Teufel / Satan
Transliteration: Drachn, Schlanga
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict with Satan
Original: δράκων / ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος / διάβολος / ὁ σατανᾶς
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
HIGH RISK: the cosmic enemy, explicitly identified across all four titles at once (12:9). Shares the Alpine carnival/folk-devil-figure trivialization risk documented for Abaddon/Apollyon; must be taught as the same serious cosmic enemy definitively defeated at the cross, not a theatrical figure.
Medium Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Evangelium
Transliteration: Evangelium
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
The formal, liturgically borrowed term (used identically to standard German in Bavarian Catholic Mass) versus the folk-paraphrase alternative ‘de guade Nachricht’ (the good news), preferred in dialect Bible paraphrase for accessibility. This curriculum uses the formal borrowed term for consistency but flags the paraphrase option for oral teaching contexts. Inherited from Romans package; reused unchanged for Revelation’s ‘eternal gospel’ (14:6).
Faith
Approved rendering: Glaam
Transliteration: Gloam
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
From ‘Glauben’ via the regular Bavarian intervocalic b-lenition pattern (glauben > glaam, cf. haben > ham, geben > gem). Personal trust in Christ, not generic folk-Catholic religiosity. Inherited from Romans package; antonym of 21:8’s ‘de Ungläubign’ (unbelieving).
Peace
Approved rendering: Friad
Transliteration: Friade
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
From ‘Frieden’ with regular final-consonant-cluster simplification. Inherited from Romans package; part of the opening greeting formula (Revelation 1:4).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: s’Reich vo Gott
Transliteration: des Reich vom Gott
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
God’s sovereign reign; distinguish from any political kingdom association. Inherited from Romans package; root shared with ‘kingdom_of_the_world_become_the_lords’ (11:15) and ‘s’tausendjährige Reich’ (20:1-7, tracked separately as Critical).
Gentiles
Approved rendering: Heiden
Transliteration: Hoaden
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Carries the same pejorative connotation as standard German ‘Heiden’. Inherited from Romans package; used for the ‘great multitude from every nation’ (7:9) and ‘glory of the nations’ (21:26).
Glory
Approved rendering: Herrlichkeit
Transliteration: Herrlichkeit
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Borrowed from standard German; God’s radiant presence and honor. Inherited from Romans package; central to the throne-room visions (ch. 4-5) and 21:26’s ‘Herrlichkeit vo de Völker’.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Kraft vo Gott
Transliteration: Kroft vom Gott
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Sovereign, saving capability. Inherited from Romans package; must be distinguished from the beast’s derivative ‘Vollmacht/Gwalt’ (exousia, ch. 13), which is delegated and limited rather than raw divine dynamis.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Messias
Transliteration: Messias
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός / מָשִׁיחַ
Category: Christology
The Anointed One fulfilling OT promise; borrowed as-is. Inherited from Romans package.
Providence
Approved rendering: Vorsehung
Transliteration: Vorsehung
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόνοια
Category: God
Borrowed from standard German; must render providence as personal and purposive, not a vague fatalistic folk notion. Inherited from Romans package; ties to Revelation’s Sovereignty of God over History doctrine.
Mission
Approved rendering: Mission
Transliteration: Mission
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω
Category: Church
Borrowed as-is; Bavarian Catholic religious orders have their own missionary-sending history. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to Revelation 10:11 and 14:6’s eternal gospel.
Israel
Approved rendering: Israel
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Covenant
Germany’s post-Holocaust national policy (Staatsräson) applies equally in Bavaria. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to the twelve-tribes imagery of Revelation 7 and 21:12-14.
Father
Approved rendering: Voda
Transliteration: Voter
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
From ‘Vater’ via regular Bavarian intervocalic lenition and vowel shift. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to Revelation 21:7’s ‘I will be his God and he will be my son’.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: Nachkomme vom David
Transliteration: Nochkumme vom David
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: Some vom David (archaic/clinical register, rejected as in standard German)
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Follows the same modernization pattern as standard German. Inherited from Romans package; must be carefully distinguished from the related but distinct ‘Root of David’ (rhiza) image at 5:5 and 22:16.
Apokalypsis Revelation
Approved rendering: Offnbarung
Transliteration: Offenbarung
Doctrine: Inspiration and Canonicity of Scripture
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
The book’s title and genre signal: unveiling/disclosure of what was hidden, not a coded riddle or doom-prediction. Modern secular ‘apocalypse’ (disaster-movie usage) risks obscuring this sense; gloss on first occurrence (1:1) as ‘Aufdeckung’, not ‘Weltuntergang’.
Throne
Approved rendering: Thron
Transliteration: Thron
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Original: θρόνος
Category: God
Stable borrowed term; must be conveyed as heavenly, divine authority, not merely royal furniture. 40+ occurrences, first at 1:4.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: Menschensohn
Transliteration: Menschnsohn
Doctrine: Deity and Eternal Titles of Christ
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
Christological/Danielic title of exalted, judging authority (1:13, 14:14); well-established from Gospel Mass readings. Must be visually/phonetically distinguished from ‘Sohn vo Gott’ so it is never mistaken for or substituted for Christ’s unique divine Sonship.
Keys Of Death And Hades
Approved rendering: Schlüssl vom Dod und vom Hades
Transliteration: Schlissl vom Dod und vom Hades
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Original: κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾅδου
Category: Christology
Christ’s exclusive authority over death and the realm of the dead (1:18). Authority-over-death symbolism must be retained; ties to the Hades entry’s Purgatory-collision distinction.
Lords Day
Approved rendering: Herrntag
Transliteration: Herrntog
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κυριακὴ ἡμέρα
Category: Worship
The early church’s weekly worship day (1:10), reusing baseline’s locked ‘Herr’. Must be distinguished from mere Sunday-Mass-obligation observance and tied to the Lord’s resurrection and rule.
Angel
Approved rendering: Engl
Transliteration: Engel
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
Sentimentalized folk-Christmas guardian-angel imagery risks softening Revelation’s often powerful, sometimes terrifying angelic figures. Contrast explicitly with 22:8-9’s authoritative, worship-refusing angel to recalibrate expectation.
Hades
Approved rendering: Hades
Transliteration: Hades
Doctrine: Purgatory vs. Final Judgment Distinction
Original: ᾅδης
Category: Eschatology
The realm/personified power of the dead awaiting final judgment (1:18, 6:8, 20:13-14). Must be distinguished both from the Greek mythological underworld deity and from Catholic Hölle/Fegfeuer; deliberately preserved as a transliteration to avoid importing either Catholic category.
Book Of Life
Approved rendering: s’Buach vom Leb’n
Transliteration: Buach vom Lebm
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: βίβλος / βιβλίον τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Eschatology
The judicial register of the names of the redeemed (3:5, 13:8, 17:8, 20:12, 20:15, 21:27). Must retain the judicial-registry sense, not merely a poetic metaphor for God’s love.
Tabernacle Dwell
Approved rendering: wohna / sei Zelt aufschlagn
Transliteration: wohna
Doctrine: Covenant Faithfulness and God’s Dwelling with His People
Original: σκηνή / σκηνώσει
Category: Christology
God’s permanent, unmediated dwelling among his people (21:3), using the same root John’s Gospel applies to the Incarnation. Must convey permanent, intimate presence, not a temporary camping image; explicitly link to baseline’s Menschwerdung doctrine as this eschatological tabernacling’s fulfillment.
Curse
Approved rendering: Fluach
Transliteration: Fluach
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: κατάρα
Category: Eschatology
The Genesis 3 covenantal curse, definitively reversed (22:3). Colloquial Bavarian ‘Fluach’ can also mean simple ‘bad luck’; anchor explicitly to the Edenic-curse-reversal sense.
Mystery
Approved rendering: Geheimnis
Transliteration: Gheimnis
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
A previously hidden divine plan, now disclosed (10:7, 17:5), not an unsolved puzzle. Catholic sacramental ‘Glaubensgeheimnis’ resonance is positive, but teaching must clarify ‘revealed hidden truth,’ not riddle or occult secret.
Armageddon
Approved rendering: Harmagedon
Transliteration: Armageddon
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Original: Ἁρμαγεδών
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
The symbolic site/name for the final gathering of powers opposed to God (16:16). Modern secular pop-culture ‘Armageddon’ (generic doomsday slang) risks flattening the specific symbolic-place, final-conflict meaning.
Crown Wreath Vs Diadem
Approved rendering: Kranz (stephanos) / Krone (diadēma)
Transliteration: Kranz, Kron
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: στέφανος vs. διάδημα
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
The victor’s wreath (reward for faithful endurance, 2:10) versus the royal diadem later usurped by the dragon/beast (12:3) — two deliberately distinct Greek words. Conflating them loses an intentional literary contrast.
Faithful And True
Approved rendering: treu und wahrhaftig
Transliteration: treu und woahrhaftig
Doctrine: Sovereignty of God over History
Original: πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός
Category: God
An attribute of God’s/Christ’s own reliability and truthfulness (3:14, 19:11, 21:5). Must NOT be rendered with ‘Glaam’-based (faith) vocabulary, which would wrongly suggest God himself is ‘believing’; this is God’s trustworthiness, the flip side of baseline’s Faith doctrine, not an instance of it.
The Sea Removed
Approved rendering: s’Meer
Transliteration: Meer
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: θάλασσα
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
The sea as a stock apocalyptic symbol of chaos and threat, whose removal signals the final removal of chaos from creation (21:1). Without the symbolic-chaos gloss, a rural Alpine/lake-country audience may read this too literally or locally. ‘Meer’ avoids the der/die See gender ambiguity.
New Qualitative
Approved rendering: neu
Transliteration: nej
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: καινός
Category: Eschatology
Qualitatively new/renewed, not merely next-in-sequence (21:1, 5). Colloquial ‘a Neues’ easily reads as ‘just another one’, losing kainos’s qualitative force; pair with explicit ‘endgültig, für immer’ (definitive, forever) framing.
Babylon The Great
Approved rendering: Babylon de Große
Transliteration: Babylon
Doctrine: Sexual Immorality and Moral Purity
Original: Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
A symbolic title for a corrupt, seductive world-system opposed to God, not a literal geographic indictment (14:8, 16:19, 17-18). Must be taught as symbolic, never steered toward any specific present-day nation, denomination, or political entity.
Overcomer Overcome
Approved rendering: der Übrwinder / überwinda
Transliteration: iwawinda
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: ὁ νικῶν / νικάω
Category: Faith
The believer who remains faithful through tribulation, even unto death (2:7, 21:7). Modern secular self-help ‘overcoming’ usage risks flattening the specifically costly, sometimes martyrdom-bound sense; anchor with ‘bis in’n Dod’ (even unto death) language where 2:10/12:11 martyrdom context is present.
Tribulation
Approved rendering: Bedrängnis
Transliteration: Bedrängnis
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Faith
Suffering/persecution endured for faithful witness (1:9). Must retain the specific persecution-related sense rather than being flattened into generic everyday hardship.
Twelve Gates And Foundations
Approved rendering: de zwölf Toar / de zwölf Grundsteine
Transliteration: zwölf Toar
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in the New Creation
Original: (descriptive: twelve gates named for the tribes, twelve foundations named for the apostles)
Category: Church
The New Jerusalem’s gates and foundations unite OT Israel (tribes) and NT church (apostles) in one city (21:12-14). Must retain the deliberate OT-NT unity symbolism; reuses baseline’s ‘Apostl’.
Glory Of The Nations
Approved rendering: d’Herrlichkeit vo de Völker
Transliteration: d’Herrlichkeit vo de Völker
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ἡ δόξα τῶν ἐθνῶν
Category: God
The universal ingathering of the redeemed nations’ glory into the New Jerusalem (21:26). Reuses baseline’s ‘Herrlichkeit’ and ‘Heiden’; retain the corporate, universal-ingathering sense.
River And Tree Of Life
Approved rendering: da Fluss vom Wasser vom Leb’n / da Boam vom Leb’n
Transliteration: da Fluss vom Wasser vom Leb’n
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ποταμὸς ὕδατος ζωῆς / ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Eschatology
The completed Edenic restoration motif (22:1-2, cf. 2:7). Teach as the completion of the Eden narrative (Genesis 2-3) reversed and fulfilled, not a free-standing decorative image.
Reign Forever
Approved rendering: sie wearn herrschn in alle Ewigkeit
Transliteration: sie wearn herrschn in alle Ewigkeit
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Original: βασιλεύσουσιν εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων
Category: Kingdom
Believers’ eternal share in Christ’s reign (22:5). Must retain the eternal, cosmic-sovereignty sense, not a merely political or territorial image; reuses baseline’s ‘Reich’ root.
Do Not Add Or Take Away
Approved rendering: leg nix dazua und nimm nix weg
Transliteration: leg nix dazua und nimm nix weg
Doctrine: Inspiration and Canonicity of Scripture
Original: μὴ ἐπιθῇς…μὴ ἀφέλῃς
Category: Covenant
A canonicity warning affirming the closed, complete, authoritative nature of this prophetic book (22:18-19). Reinforces the inspiration/closed-canon doctrine; teach alongside 1:3’s opening blessing.
Locusts
Approved rendering: Heisch’n
Transliteration: Heisch’n
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Demonic Powers
Original: ἀκρίδες
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
Symbolic plague-agents of torment, not literal insects (9:3-10). Must be taught in the symbolic-apocalyptic register, not as a literal entomological prediction.
Great Multitude From Every Nation
Approved rendering: a große Menge aus alle Völker
Transliteration: a große Menge aus alle Völker
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in the New Creation
Original: ὄχλος πολύς ἐκ παντὸς ἔθνους
Category: Church
The universal scope of redemption, a countless multitude from every nation (7:9). Ties to baseline’s ‘Heiden’ and the unity doctrine; retain the corporate, universal-ingathering sense.
Winepress Of Gods Wrath
Approved rendering: d’Kelter vom Zorn vo Gott
Transliteration: d’Kelter vom Zorn vo Gott
Doctrine: Divine Wrath and Justice
Original: ληνὸς τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Eschatology
Vivid harvest-judgment imagery depicting the severity of final divine judgment (14:19-20). Visceral apocalyptic imagery must retain its vividness without an inappropriate shock-value tone shift in oral teaching contexts.
Come Out Of Her My People
Approved rendering: Geht raus aus ihr, mei Volk
Transliteration: Geht raus aus ihr, mei Volk
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἐξέλθατε ἐξ αὐτῆς, ὁ λαός μου
Category: Sanctification
A call to separation from a corrupt system (18:4), echoing baseline’s separation-unto-God’s-service doctrine. Must not be read as withdrawal from ordinary village/civic life generally, but from complicity in the corrupt system Babylon symbolizes.
Scroll And Seals
Approved rendering: s’Buach / Sigl
Transliteration: s’Buach / Sigl
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: βιβλίον / σφραγίς
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
The sealed scroll of God’s redemptive plan, opened seal by seal (5:1-8:1). Ties to Symbolic Interpretation and God’s sovereignty over history’s unfolding.
Four Horsemen
Approved rendering: de vier Reiter
Transliteration: de vier Reiter
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: (no single Greek term; ἵππος repeated)
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
Symbolic agents (conquest, war, famine, death) of God-permitted historical judgment (6:1-8). Must be taught as symbolic-apocalyptic, not a literal, sequential prediction calendar.
Worthy
Approved rendering: wert / würdig
Transliteration: wert / würdig
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ἄξιος
Category: Worship
The declaration of worthiness over God (4:11) and the Lamb (5:9, 12), the ground of all worship. Must retain the exclusive, throne-room worship-declaration force.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: Apostl
Transliteration: Apoastl
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Final -e dropped per regular Bavarian apocope; otherwise a stable borrowed term. Inherited from Romans package; used for the twelve foundations of the New Jerusalem (21:14).
Prophet
Approved rendering: Prophet
Transliteration: Prophet
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
God’s spokesperson; borrowed as-is. Inherited from Romans package; Revelation’s own genre includes prophetic material (1:3, 22:18-19).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: Weissogung
Transliteration: Weissagung
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
The stressed ‘a’ shifts toward ‘o’ in many Bavarian subvarieties; otherwise a borrowed term. Inherited from Romans package; ties to 22:18-19’s canonicity warning.
David
Approved rendering: David
Transliteration: David
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: דָּוִד
Category: Covenant
Standard proper name form. Inherited from Romans package; underlies Revelation 5:5’s ‘Root of David’ and 22:16.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jesus
Transliteration: Jesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς / יֵשׁוּעַ
Category: Christology
Stable; pronounced with regionally typical vowel quality but not a distinct written form. Inherited from Romans package.
Exhort
Approved rendering: ermahna
Transliteration: ermohna
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
-en > -a infinitive ending, a regular dialect pattern. Inherited from Romans package; relevant to the seven letters’ rebuke/encouragement balance.
Tears
Approved rendering: Zähern
Transliteration: Zaehan
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: δάκρυον
Category: Eschatology
A genuine native Bavarian dialect word (distinct from standard ‘Tränen’) for the tears God personally wipes away (21:4) — a rare positive native-coinage opportunity rather than a collision risk.
Michael
Approved rendering: Michael
Transliteration: Michael
Doctrine: Cosmic Conflict with Satan
Rejected alternatives: Michael as a title of the pre-incarnate/exalted Christ (Jehovah’s Witnesses’ identification, rejected)
Original: Μιχαήλ
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
The archangel who leads heaven’s armies against the dragon (12:7). Positive resonance from Bavaria’s own historic patron devotion (Munich’s Michaelskirche); risk of over-personalizing as a personal intercessor rather than cosmic spiritual warfare. Teaching notes must not identify Michael with Christ; he remains a created angelic being, distinct from the Son.
Wormwood
Approved rendering: Wermuat
Transliteration: Wermuat
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: Ἄψινθος
Category: Symbolic Apocalyptic
A symbolic star-name meaning ‘bitter plant’, signifying the bitterness of divine judgment on water sources (8:11). Low risk; a symbolic proper-noun name requiring only brief explanatory context.
Elders Twentyfour
Approved rendering: de Ältesten
Transliteration: de Ältesten
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: πρεσβύτεροι
Category: Worship
Representative worship-leaders surrounding God’s throne (4:4). Low risk; stable descriptive term for a symbolic representative figure.
Living Creatures
Approved rendering: de lebendign Wesen
Transliteration: de lebendign Wesen
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ζῷα
Category: Worship
Four symbolic worship-beings surrounding God’s throne, cf. Ezekiel 1 (4:6-8). Low risk; symbolic throne-room imagery, no significant collision risk.
Referenced passages