Linguistic Gap Analysis

Greek is the only Language Package in this pipeline with essentially no vocabulary gap at all: nearly every term is the New Testament’s own word, unchanged or minimally evolved. The “gaps” here are gaps in semantic precision across two thousand years of continuous use, not missing vocabulary.

Terms requiring active semantic reactivation (secular bleaching)

• Κύριος (Lord): needs explicit reconnection to its Septuagint background as the standard rendering of YHWH, since ordinary Modern Greek usage has flattened it to “Mister/Sir.”
• Κλήση (calling): needs explicit reactivation of its theological weight, since ordinary Modern Greek usage has narrowed it to a phone call or legal summons.
• Εκλογή (election), διαθήκη (covenant), δικαίωση (justification): each needs a contrastive note distinguishing Paul’s theological sense from a dominant modern secular sense (elections/voting, a last will, personal vindication).

Terms requiring active boundary-setting (patristic/liturgical accretion)

• Σωτηρία (salvation), χάρη (grace), δικαιοσύνη (righteousness): each needs a note distinguishing Paul’s own argument from the fuller theosis-oriented theological system later Greek-speaking Church Fathers built around these same words — not because that later system is illegitimate, but because this curriculum’s job is to teach what Romans itself argues.
• Άγιος/άγιοι (holy/saints), κοινωνία (fellowship), ευχαριστία (thanksgiving): each needs a note distinguishing Romans’ general sense from a specific liturgical/devotional practice (name-day sainthood, Holy Communion, the Eucharist) that shares the identical word.

Gap-filling strategy

Because there is no vocabulary gap to fill, this Language Package’s entire strategy is annotation: pairing each historically loaded or semantically drifted word with a note that restores Paul’s own first-century weight, in whichever direction (up from secular flatness, or back from later theological elaboration) that particular word requires.