Passage

Romans 15

• Doctrine

  Christ-Centered Ministry

  Ministry done in Christ's name, by his power, for his glory ('διακονία,' the NT's own word for ministry/service), not institutional or cultural-heritage service divorced from gospel proclamation.

  ROM.15.17-21

• Doctrine

  Christian Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; 'κοινωνία' is also the standard word for both 'society' and 'Holy Communion,' so Romans' general fellowship sense needs active disambiguation from both dominant modern senses.

  ROM.15.24

• Glossary Term

  Church

  Same NT word (originally 'assembly, called-out ones'), but Modern Greek usage foregrounds either the institutional national Church ('η Εκκλησία της Ελλάδος') or the physical church building.

  ROM.15.26

• Doctrine

  Church as God's People

  The new covenant community gathered around Christ, distinct from the institutional national-Church sense or the physical building sense of 'εκκλησία.'

  ROM.15.26

• Glossary Term

  Covenant

  Same NT word (also the word for 'Testament,' as in Παλαιά/Καινή Διαθήκη, Old/New Testament), but in ordinary Modern Greek usage 'διαθήκη' overwhelmingly means a last will and testament (an inheritance document).

  ROM.15.12

• Glossary Term

  David

  Standard proper name, same as the NT's own form.

  ROM.15.12

• Doctrine

  Davidic Covenant

  Requires explicit Old Testament background (2 Samuel 7); a Greek reader can access the Septuagint text of this passage directly, which is a genuine advantage for grounding the doctrine concretely.

  ROM.15.12

• Doctrine

  Evangelism

  Use language of proclamation and witness; in a historically Orthodox-majority culture, Evangelical-style 'ευαγγελισμός' can carry a proselytism connotation worth navigating carefully.

  ROM.15.20

• Glossary Term

  Exhort

  Standard term.

  ROM.15.2

• Glossary Term

  Fellowship

  Same NT word, but in Modern Greek 'κοινωνία' primarily and most commonly means either 'society' (the whole social order) or 'Holy Communion' (receiving the sacrament, 'πήγα να κοινωνήσω,' 'I went to receive communion').

  ROM.15.24

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (Old Testament to New Testament); a Greek reader has the unusual advantage of being able to read the Septuagint's own wording directly alongside Paul's citations of it.

  ROM.15.8-12

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  The NT's ἔθνη ('nations/peoples'); Modern Greek 'έθνος' carries strong modern nationalist connotation (Greek national identity, 'το Έθνος'), so care is needed to keep the NT's ethnic-religious sense (non-Jewish peoples) distinct from modern nation-state connotations.

  ROM.15.7-12

• Doctrine

  Gospel

  Identical to the NT's own word; must be distinguished from the modern secular sense of 'good news' used for any positive announcement.

  ROM.15.19-20

• Glossary Term

  Gospel

  Identical to the NT's own εὐαγγέλιον; zero translation gap.

  ROM.15.19-20

• Glossary Term

  Holy

  CRITICAL: identical word to 'saints' below — Greek does not have separate words the way English distinguishes the adjective 'holy' from the noun-category 'saint.' See Saints for the full risk discussion.

  ROM.15.16

• Glossary Term

  Holy Spirit

  Standard and unambiguous personal third Person of the Trinity.

  ROM.15.16

• Doctrine

  Inspiration of Scripture

  Orthodox theology holds Scripture and Holy Tradition (Ιερά Παράδοση) jointly authoritative, including the Greek-language patristic corpus a Modern Greek reader can access directly; this curriculum treats Scripture's own inspiration on its own terms.

  ROM.15.4

• Glossary Term

  Intercession

  Greek Orthodox piety gives saints' and especially the Παναγία's ('All-Holy,' the standard Greek title for Mary) intercession a constant, central liturgical role (paraklesis services, pilgrimage sites such as Tinos).

  ROM.15.30-32

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Standard proper name; also the name of the modern nation-state, so ensure Romans 9-11's discussion of Israel as a people in salvation history is not read as a claim about the modern political state.

  ROM.15.7-12

• Doctrine

  Kingdom Mission

  God's reign advancing through the gospel, not a political or national-cultural project.

  ROM.15.12, ROM.15.18-21

• Glossary Term

  Kingdom Of God

  God's sovereign reign; standard usage.

  ROM.15.12, ROM.15.18-21

• Glossary Term

  Law

  The Mosaic law/Torah, same NT word; also the ordinary Modern Greek word for civil law in general, requiring context to keep Paul's specific argument about the Mosaic law distinct from law-in-general.

  ROM.15.8-12

• Glossary Term

  Messiah

  Transliterated from Hebrew via the NT's own Greek text; 'Χριστός' ('Anointed One') is the direct Greek translation and by far the more common NT and liturgical term.

  ROM.15.8-12

• Doctrine

  Messianic Promise

  CRITICAL: the unique, Old Testament-promised Anointed One fulfilled exclusively in Jesus; 'Χριστός' (Anointed One) is the NT's own preferred rendering and should generally be used over the transliterated 'Μεσσίας.'

  ROM.15.8-12

• Glossary Term

  Mission

  Same root as 'apostle' (απόστολος); also the ordinary Modern Greek word for 'mission' in any secular sense (a company's mission, a military mission), requiring context to keep the gospel-proclamation sense clear.

  ROM.15.15-24

• Doctrine

  Mission to the Nations

  Standard term; 'έθνη' carries some modern nationalist connotation via 'έθνος,' worth a contextual note distinguishing the NT's ethnic-religious sense from modern nation-state identity.

  ROM.15.15-24

• Doctrine

  Mutual Edification

  Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.

  ROM.15.2

• Doctrine

  Prayer and Intercession

  Romans 8:26-27, 34 describe the Spirit and Christ interceding directly.

  ROM.15.30-32

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  Same NT word; standard and unambiguous.

  ROM.15.8-12

• Glossary Term

  Prophet

  Same NT word; standard and unambiguous.

  ROM.15.4

• Doctrine

  Sanctification

  The Spirit's ongoing work of making believers holy; 'αγιασμός' is also the specific name of the Epiphany water-blessing rite, a ritual association that should not narrow Romans' broader sense of moral transformation.

  ROM.15.16

• Glossary Term

  Sanctification

  Same root as 'holy/saints' (ἅγιος).

  ROM.15.16

• Glossary Term

  Seed Of David

  Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and covenant fulfillment.

  ROM.15.12

• Doctrine

  Separation unto God's Service

  Low risk of conflation with a specialized monastic class (e.g.

  ROM.15.16

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Must be translated with full theological clarity; a Greek reader can access Paul's olive-tree metaphor (11:17-24) in its own original wording, a genuine interpretive advantage.

  ROM.15.7-12