Core Glossary: Matthew 1–28 (English → Kurdish / Kurmanji)

This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning the entire book of Matthew, chapter 1 through chapter 28. Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked REUSED and repeat the baseline rendering exactly, per the hard rule that established renderings must not be altered. Terms new to the Matthew curriculum are marked NEW, with a proposed Kurdish rendering and risk tier for confirmation before Phase 2 translation_memory.json is updated.

Risk tiers: Critical / High / Medium / Low (definitions as in doctrine_risk_registry.json).

Table 1 — Christological Terms

Term	Status	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Kurdish Rendering	Risk	Primary Matthew References	Risk Rationale
Jesus	REUSED	Ἰησοῦς	Iēsous	Îsa	Critical	throughout	As baseline: settled Kurdish Christian usage; content-level risk is the Quranic prophet-only, non-crucified, non-divine narrative.
Christ / Messiah	REUSED	Χριστός	Christos	Mesîh	Critical	1:1, 1:16-17, 16:16, 22:42, 26:63	As baseline; Alevi/Yarsani divinely-guided-figure expectations add a further comparison layer.
Son of God	REUSED	υἱὸς θεοῦ	huios theou	Kurê Xwedê	Critical	3:17, 4:3, 8:29, 14:33, 16:16, 26:63, 27:54	As baseline; reinforced repeatedly across Matthew including at the cross by a Gentile witness (27:54).
sons of God (believers, plural)	NEW	υἱοὶ θεοῦ	huioi theou	Zarokên Xwedê	Critical	5:9	Must be distinguished sharply from Christ’s unique “Kurê Xwedê”; use gender-neutral “zarok” (child) for believers’ derivative, adoptive sonship.
Son of Man	NEW	ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου	ho huios tou anthrōpou	Kurê Mirov	Critical	8:20, 9:6, 12:8, 12:40, 16:13, 16:27-28, 17:9, 19:28, 20:28, 24:27-44, 25:31, 26:64	Jesus’ primary self-title; spans both voluntary human lowliness and Daniel-7 exalted end-time judge; must not flatten to ordinary “a human being.”
Son of David	NEW	υἱὸς Δαυίδ	huios Dauid	Kurê Dawid	Critical/High	1:1, 9:27, 12:23, 15:22, 20:30-31, 21:9, 21:15, 22:42-45	Messianic royal title; ties directly to baseline’s Davidic Covenant and Messianic Promise entries.
Lord (of the Sabbath)	REUSED	κύριος	kyrios	Xudan	Critical	12:8, and implied throughout titles of address	As baseline; here specifically claims authority over the Mosaic Law itself.
Immanuel	NEW	Ἐμμανουήλ	Emmanouēl	Îmanûêl	Critical	1:23, echoed 28:20	”God with us”; directly asserts the Incarnation; bookends the Gospel.
worship (of Jesus)	NEW	προσκυνέω	proskyneō	Perizîn	Critical	2:2, 2:11, 8:2, 9:18, 14:33, 15:25, 20:20, 28:9, 28:17	Worship offered to a created being constitutes shirk in mainstream Islamic theology; every occurrence is an implicit deity claim.
transfigured	NEW	μετεμορφώθη	metemorphōthē	guherîn / veguherîn	High	17:2	Risk of assimilation into Sufi mystical-illumination or Yazidi manifestation frameworks; a unique, non-repeatable unveiling of Christ’s own glory.
virgin (birth)	NEW	παρθένος	parthenos	Keçika Bakîre	Medium	1:23	Genuine overlap with Quranic affirmation of Mary’s virginity; care needed not to assume full Quranic account, which denies Incarnation/Sonship.
living God	NEW	θεὸς ζῶν	theos zōn	Xwedayê Zindî	Medium	16:16, 26:63	Partial overlap with the Islamic divine name Al-Hayy; genuine bridge term.

Table 2 — Kingdom, Law, and Righteousness Terms

Term	Status	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Kurdish Rendering	Risk	Primary Matthew References	Risk Rationale
kingdom of heaven	NEW	βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν	basileia tōn ouranōn	Padîşahiya Ezmên	Critical	3:2, 4:17, 5:3, 5:10, 5:19-20, 13 (parables), 18:1-4, 19:12-14, 23:13	Inherits and intensifies baseline’s Kingdom of God nationalist-statehood risk; must be taught as theologically identical to “Kingdom of God” and as a present-and-future reality, not merely a post-mortem paradise.
Law (Mosaic)	REUSED	νόμος	nomos	Şerîeta Mûsa	Critical	5:17-18, 7:12, 22:36-40, 23:23	As baseline: never bare “Şerîet” or “Namûs.”
fulfill (the Law/prophecy)	NEW	πληρόω	plēroō	pêk anîn / hate bicihanîn	High	1:22, 2:15, 2:17, 2:23, 3:15, 4:14, 5:17, 8:17, 12:17, 13:35, 21:4, 26:54-56, 27:9	Must be taught against the naskh (abrogation) default: Jesus completes, not supersedes/replaces, the Scriptures.
righteousness exceeding the Pharisees	REUSED (Adalet) with new contextual nuance	δικαιοσύνη	dikaiosynē	Adalet	High	5:6, 5:10, 5:20, 6:1, 6:33	Behavioral-ethical sense distinct from Romans’ forensic sense; risk of assimilation to competitive external piety; must flow from grace, not earn kingdom standing.
authority (of Jesus’ teaching)	NEW	ἐξουσία	exousia	Desthilatî	High	7:29, 9:6, 9:8, 21:23-27, 28:18	Standard Kurdish word for governmental/political authority too; Jesus’ authority must be distinguished from merely human/political power.
binding and loosing	NEW	δέω / λύω	deō / lyō	Girêdan û Vekirin	High	16:19, 18:18	Risk of assimilation to Islamic jurisprudential (fatwa) authority or Sufi shaykh’s authority over a disciple; corporate church authority under Christ.
keys of the kingdom	NEW	κλεῖδας τῆς βασιλείας	kleidas tēs basileias	Mifteyên Padîşahiyê	High	16:19	Historically debated authority image; risk of mapping onto locally familiar clerical/Sufi hierarchies.
you shut the kingdom of heaven	uses NEW Kingdom term	κλείετε τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν	kleiete tēn basileian tōn ouranōn	Padîşahiya Ezmên hatin girtin	Critical	23:13	Warning against religious gatekeeping obstructing access to the kingdom.
greatest commandment	NEW	ἐντολὴ μεγάλη	entolē megalē	Fermana Herî Mezin	Medium	22:36-40	Summarizes the Law in love; reinforces, does not replace, “fulfill the Law” teaching.

Table 3 — Salvation, Sin, and Atonement Terms

Term	Status	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Kurdish Rendering	Risk	Primary Matthew References	Risk Rationale
salvation (he will save his people from their sins)	REUSED	σῴζω / σωτηρία	sōzō / sōtēria	Rizgarî	Critical	1:21, 8:25, 9:21-22, 14:30, 27:42, 27:49	As baseline: never leave unanchored; 1:21 is the single clearest anchor point to personal deliverance from sin.
sin	REUSED	ἁμαρτία	hamartia	Guneh	High	1:21, 3:6, 9:2-6, 12:31, 26:28	As baseline: shared fitrah (innate purity) default must be taught against.
repentance / repent	NEW	μετάνοια / μετανοέω	metanoia / metanoeō	Tobe / Tobe kirin	Critical	3:2, 3:8, 3:11, 4:17, 11:20-21, 12:41	Direct cognate of Islamic tawbah’s works-conditioned framework; must be taught as Spirit-enabled reorientation flowing from grace, not a transaction earning forgiveness.
baptism / baptize	NEW	βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω	baptisma / baptizō	Imad / Imad kirin (provisional)	High	3:6, 3:11, 3:13-16, 28:19	Risk of assimilation to Islamic ritual ablution (wudu/ghusl); confirm established Kurdish Bible term in Phase 2.
ransom	NEW	λύτρον	lytron	Fîdî / Bihayê Fîdyeyê	Critical	20:28	Intersects with Critical Justification/Imputed Righteousness cluster; partial linguistic bridge via Islamic fidye, but mechanism (grace, not transaction) must be taught explicitly.
blood of the covenant	NEW	αἷμα…διαθήκης	haima…diathēkēs	Xwîna Peymanê	Critical	26:28	The Gospel’s central atonement text; must not be softened to a merely commemorative or covenant-renewal meal without substitutionary, sin-forgiving content.
this is my body	NEW	τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου	touto estin to sōma mou	ev laşê min e	High	26:26	Historically debated across traditions; anchor to sacrificial, once-for-all death, not repeated re-sacrifice.
covenant	REUSED	διαθήκη	diathēkē	Peyman	High	26:28	As baseline: Kurdish aşîret alliance-making parallel is revocable/between-equals, unlike the unilateral biblical covenant.
authority to forgive sins	NEW	ἐξουσίαν ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας	exousian aphienai hamartias	desthilatî ji bo lêbihûrtina guneh	Critical	9:6	Direct deity claim; never soften to Jesus merely announcing God’s forgiveness.
eternal life / eternal punishment	NEW	ζωὴ αἰώνιος / κόλασις αἰώνιος	zōē aiōnios / kolasis aiōnios	Jiyana Herheyî / Ezabê Herheyî	Critical	19:16, 19:29, 25:41, 25:46	Significant overlap with Islamic eschatology; specific ground of judgment (response to Christ, mercy shown) must be taught explicitly.
hell / Gehenna	NEW	γέεννα	geenna	Cehenem	Critical	5:22, 5:29-30, 10:28, 18:9, 23:15, 23:33	Direct Quranic/Islamic loanword (Jahannam); risk of importing Islamic-specific conceptions of hell rather than the biblical Gehenna concept; requires the same rigorous anchoring as “Xwedê”/“Allah.”
the veil of the temple was torn	NEW	καταπέτασμα…ἐσχίσθη	katapetasma…eschisthē	perdeya perestgehê hate qetandin	Medium-High	27:51	Signals direct access to God through Christ; relevant to baseline’s Intercession/shafa’at-adjacent caution.

Table 4 — Discipleship, Church, and Mission Terms

Term	Status	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Kurdish Rendering	Risk	Primary Matthew References	Risk Rationale
disciple	NEW	μαθητής	mathētēs	Şagirt	High	throughout, esp. 4:18-22, 5:1, 10:1, 28:19	Risk of assimilation to Sufi murîd-pîr master-disciple bond; must be taught as the shared calling of all believers, not elite apprenticeship.
follow (me)	NEW	ἀκολουθέω	akoloutheō	şopandin / li pey çûn	High	4:19-22, 8:22, 9:9, 16:24, 19:21	Total, costly personal allegiance to Christ, distinct from generic admiration.
take up his cross	NEW (uses Xaç)	ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	aratō ton stauron autou	xaçê xwe hilgirin	Critical	16:24, 10:38	Presupposes the historical reality of crucifixion, denied by the Quran (4:157).
apostle	REUSED	ἀπόστολος	apostolos	Şandî	Medium	10:2	As baseline: avoids Rasul Allah collision.
church	REUSED	ἐκκλησία	ekklēsia	Civata Mesîhî (community) / Dêr (building, not applicable here)	High	16:18, 18:17	As baseline: Jesus’ only Gospel uses of ekklēsia; the founding, community sense applies, not the building sense.
church discipline process	NEW	ἐὰν δὲ παρακούσῃ…εἰπὲ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ	ean de parakousē…eipe tē ekklēsia	pêvajoya şermezarkirina di Civatê de	High	18:15-20	Calibrate for differing religious-freedom environments across the four Kurdish-speaking states; distinguish from tribal (aşîret) honor-based shunning.
not peace but a sword	NEW (uses Aştî)	οὐκ…εἰρήνην ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν	ouk…eirēnēn alla machairan	ne aştî lê şûr	High	10:34	Must not undercut aştî’s positive peace-process resonance; point is the cost of allegiance within tribal/family loyalty structures.
Great Commission (make disciples of all nations)	NEW	μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη	mathēteusate panta ta ethnē	Şagirt Çêkirin ji Hemû Miletan	Critical	28:19-20	Combines discipleship risk with baseline’s Mission to the Nations/Evangelism cautions; “all nations” here is broader than the Romans-specific Jew/Gentile contrast.
Trinitarian baptismal formula	NEW (uses REUSED terms)	εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος	eis to onoma tou patros kai tou huiou kai tou hagiou pneumatos	di navê Bav, Kur, û Ruhê Pîroz de	Critical	28:19	Compounds every major tawhid-collision in the baseline into one formula; the singular “name” (navê) shared by three Persons must be preserved grammatically.
all authority in heaven and on earth	NEW (uses Desthilatî)	πᾶσα ἐξουσία ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς	pasa exousia en ouranō kai epi gēs	hemû desthilatî li ezman û li erdê	Critical	28:18	Fullest authority claim in the Gospel; must not be softened to a merely earthly/political statement.
fellowship / mutual edification	REUSED	κοινωνία / —	koinōnia	Hevaltî	Low-Medium	implied in 18:20 (“where two or three gathered”)	As baseline: secular “comrade” political echo; context should disambiguate.

Table 5 — Beatitudes-Specific Terms (Core Passage, Matthew 5:1–12)

Term	Status	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Kurdish Rendering	Risk	Reference	Risk Rationale
blessed	NEW	μακάριος	makarios	Xwezî	High	5:3-11	Root shared with bext (fate/fortune); must convey God’s specific favor, not impersonal luck.
poor in spirit	NEW	πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι	ptōchoi tō pneumati	Belengaz di giyanê xwe de	Critical	5:3	Avoid feqîr, the Sufi dervish/mendicant term; use native belengaz plus explicit spirit-qualifier.
mourn / comforted	NEW	πενθοῦντες / παρακληθήσονται	penthountes / paraklēthēsontai	şîn girtin / teselî bidin	Medium	5:4	Kurdish funerary-mourning association may narrow sense to literal bereavement only; broaden to mourning over sin.
meek	NEW	πραεῖς	praeis	Dilnizm	Medium	5:5	Avoid Arabic-loan helîm (a divine name, El-Helîm); native compound preferred.
inherit the earth	NEW	κληρονομήσουσιν τὴν γῆν	klēronomēsousin tēn gēn	erdê wek mîras wergirtin	High	5:5	Risk of being heard as Kurdish territorial-statehood promise rather than renewed-creation inheritance.
hunger and thirst for righteousness	REUSED (Adalet) + new pairing	πεινῶντες καὶ διψῶντες τὴν δικαιοσύνην	peinōntes kai dipsōntes tēn dikaiosynēn	Adalet (birçîbûn û tîbûn ji bo Adaletê)	High	5:6	Ethical-behavioral sense, distinct from Romans’ forensic sense; must not be collapsed together.
merciful	NEW	ἐλεήμονες	eleēmones	dilovan	Medium	5:7	Overlaps with Islamic divine attributes Rehman/Rahîm; genuine asset if anchored to Christ’s example.
pure in heart	NEW	καθαροὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ	katharoi tē kardia	Dilpak	Medium-High	5:8	Shares root with rejected “Pakkirin” (ritual cleanliness, baseline Sanctification); heart-qualifier must keep it moral, not ritual.
peacemakers	NEW (uses REUSED Aştî)	εἰρηνοποιοί	eirēnopoioi	Aştîçêker	Medium	5:9	Positive political-peace-process resonance is an asset; must be tied to gospel-shaped, cross-bearing peacemaking specifically.
sons of God (believers)	NEW	υἱοὶ θεοῦ	huioi theou	Zarokên Xwedê	Critical	5:9	See Table 1; must never be confused with Kurê Xwedê (Christ’s unique Sonship).
persecuted for righteousness	NEW	δεδιωγμένοι ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης	dediōgmenoi heneken dikaiosynēs	çewisandin/zulmkirin ji ber Adaletê	High	5:10	Acute lived resonance given documented cross-border repression across the four Kurdish-speaking states; calibrate pastoral sensitivity.
on my account (persecution for Christ’s name)	NEW	ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ	heneken emou	li ser navê min	High	5:11	Anchors suffering to confession of Christ specifically; intersects with Evangelism entry’s safety-sensitivity.
reward in heaven	NEW	μισθός	misthos	Xelata Ezmanî	Medium-High	5:12	Commercial “wages” root creates tension with Grace/Imputed Righteousness; teach as gracious gift, never salvation-by-merit.
prophets (before you)	REUSED	προφήτης	prophētēs	Pêxember	Low	5:12	As baseline: finality-of-prophethood caution; pair with fuller biblical-historical framing.

Table 6 — Miscellaneous Narrative and Titular Terms

Term	Status	Original (Greek)	Transliteration	Kurdish Rendering	Risk	Primary Matthew References	Risk Rationale
son of Abraham	NEW	υἱὸς Ἀβραάμ	huios Abraam	Kurê Îbrahîm	Medium	1:1	Positive overlap with the Quranic patriarch; covenant-promise content must still be taught.
King of the Jews	NEW	βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων	basileus tōn Ioudaiōn	Padîşahê Cihûyan	High	2:2, 27:11, 27:29, 27:37	Intersects with Messianic Promise; intended mockingly by Rome but presented ironically as true by Matthew.
the one who is to come	NEW	ὁ ἐρχόμενος	ho erchomenos	Yê ku were	Critical	11:3	Recognized messianic-expectation title; directly tied to Messianic Promise.
devil / Satan	NEW	διάβολος	diabolos	Îblîs / Şeytan	Medium	4:1-11, 13:39	Shared with regional Islamic vocabulary; genuine common ground, distinct ultimate-defeat narrative through Christ.
Hosanna	NEW	ὡσαννά	hōsanna	Hosana (transliterated)	Critical	21:9, 21:15	Compounds with Kurê Dawid; risk of political-liberation misreading of “save now.”
hypocrites	NEW	ὑποκριταί	hypokritai	Durû	Medium	6:2, 6:5, 6:16, 15:7, 22:18, 23:13-29	Good native compound; teach as critique of a posture, not a communal caricature.
sign of Jonah	NEW	σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ	sēmeion Iōna	Nîşana Yûnis	High	12:39-41	Shared, positively regarded Quranic prophet; typological pointer to bodily Resurrection must be explicit.
mystery/mysteries of the kingdom	NEW	μυστήριον	mystērion	sira Padîşahiyê	Medium-High	13:11	Risk of Sufi esoteric-initiation misreading; truth revealed openly to all believers, not hidden gnosis.
tradition of the elders	NEW	παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων	paradosis tōn presbyterōn	kevneşopiya rihspiyan	Medium-High	15:2-6	Internal, historically specific critique; not a blanket dismissal of all religious tradition.
defile	NEW	κοινόω	koinoō	qirêj kirin	Medium	15:11, 15:18-20	Relocates defilement from external contact to the heart; valuable teaching text against ritual-purity framework.
render to Caesar / to God	NEW	ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι…τῷ θεῷ	apodote Kaisari…tō theō	bide Qeyser tiştê Qeyser e, bide Xwedê tiştê Xwedê ye	High	22:21	Acute pastoral relevance given four differing state jurisdictions; avoid quietist or resistance-coded misreadings.
stone the builders rejected / cornerstone	NEW	λίθον…κεφαλὴν γωνίας	lithon…kephalēn gōnias	kevirê ku avakaran red kir bû serê koşeyê	High	21:42	Rejection-then-vindication pattern tied to Messianic Promise and Fulfillment of Prophecy.
end of the age	NEW	συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος	synteleia tou aiōnos	Dawiya Dewranê	High	13:39-40, 13:49, 24:3, 28:20	Significant overlap with Islamic Yawm al-Qiyamah; mechanism of judgment through Christ must be explicit.
coming of the Son of Man	NEW (uses Kurê Mirov)	παρουσία τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου	parousia tou huiou tou anthrōpou	hatina Kurê Mirov a duyem	Critical	24:27, 24:30, 24:37-39	Sudden, visible, glorious return; not hidden or repeatable.
least of these	NEW	τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου τῶν ἐλαχίστων	tōn adelphōn mou tōn elachistōn	yên herî biçûk ji birayên min	Low-Medium	25:40, 25:45	Grounds final judgment in practical mercy shown to Christ himself in the vulnerable.

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Reused Baseline Terms Confirmed Applicable to Matthew (No Change)

The following terms occur in Matthew and MUST be reused exactly as recorded in the Romans translation_memory.json, with no modification: Mizgînî (gospel, e.g., 4:23, 9:35, 24:14, 26:13), Kerem (grace, 20:1-16 parable context), Îman (faith), Adalet (righteousness — see Table 5 note on the behavioral-vs-forensic nuance), Wek adil hatin hesibandin (justification — not directly lexicalized in Matthew but doctrinally presupposed), Rizgarî (salvation), Şandî (apostle), Bangkirî / Vexwendin (called/calling), Pîroz (holy), Pîrozan (saints — implied in “sons of the kingdom,” 8:12, 13:38), Teqdîs (sanctification), Kurxwendin (adoption — presupposed by “sons of God,” 5:9), Rabûn (resurrection), Xudan (Lord), Kurê Xwedê (Son of God), Tecessud (incarnation — presupposed by Immanuel, 1:23), Aştî (peace), Diyariyên Giyanî (spiritual gifts — not directly lexicalized in Matthew), Spasî (thanksgiving), Hevaltî (fellowship), Dêr / Civata Mesîhî (church), Padîşahiya Xwedê (kingdom of God — theologically identical referent to the new “Padîşahiya Ezmên,” see Table 2), Şerîeta Mûsa (law), Guneh (sin), Ne-cihû (Gentiles — used more narrowly than Matthew’s broader “all nations,” see Table 4), Rûmet (glory), Guhdarîkirina Baweriyê (obedience of faith — presupposed), Hêza Xwedê (power of God), Mesîh (messiah), Pêxember / Pêxemberî (prophet/prophecy), Peyman (covenant), Hilbijartin (election — not directly lexicalized in Matthew), Navbeynkarî (intercession — relevant to the temple veil imagery, 27:51), Rêveberiya Xwedê (providence), Peywira Mizgîniyê (mission — culminates in the Great Commission, 28:19-20), Dawid (David), Îsraîl (Israel), Îsa (Jesus), Xwedê (God), Ruhê Pîroz (Holy Spirit), Bav (Father), Aba (Abba — not directly lexicalized in Matthew, but the Father/child intimacy pattern is present), Handan kirin (exhort), Dûndana Dawid (seed of David — related to but distinct from the new title “Kurê Dawid”), Adaleta ku tê hesibandin (imputed righteousness — doctrinally presupposed, not directly lexicalized).

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This glossary must be merged into an updated translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json before Phase 2 segment translation of the Matthew curriculum begins, per the Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md. All terms marked Critical or High require human theologian review; all NEW terms require confirmation against established Kurdish Bible translation tradition before being locked as canonical.

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Critical Risk Terms

Justification

Approved rendering: Wek adil hatin hesibandin
Transliteration: wek adil hatin hesibandin
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαίωσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly lexicalized in Matthew but doctrinally presupposed by the atonement material (20:28, 26:28); retain the compound exactly.

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Salvation

Approved rendering: Rizgarî
Transliteration: rizgarî
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σῴζω / σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 1:21 (‘he will save his people from their sins’) is the single clearest anchor point in the whole book to personal, spiritual deliverance from sin, precisely against the Kurdish nationalist-liberation resonance the baseline documents; a translator’s note is strongly recommended at 1:21.

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Adoption

Approved rendering: Kurxwendin
Transliteration: kurxwendin
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Presupposed by Matthew 5:9’s ‘sons of God’ language; see ‘sons_of_god_believers’ entry below for the mandatory lexical distinction from Christ’s unique Sonship (Kurê Xwedê vs. Zarokên Xwedê).

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Resurrection

Approved rendering: Rabûn
Transliteration: rabûn
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἠγέρθη
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 28’s climactic ‘he is risen’ carries the full baseline risk, including the distinct Yazidi ‘kiras guhertin’ (reincarnation) conflation risk in addition to the mainstream Sunni crucifixion-and-resurrection denial.

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Lord

Approved rendering: Xudan
Transliteration: Xudan
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 12:8 (‘Lord of the Sabbath’) applies this exclusive lordship specifically to authority over the Mosaic Law itself, reinforcing rather than softening the claim.

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Son Of God

Approved rendering: Kurê Xwedê
Transliteration: Kurê Xwedê
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Recurs at 3:17, 4:3, 8:29, 14:33, 16:16, 26:63, and climactically at 27:54 (a Gentile centurion’s confession). Must never be confused with the distinct, gender-neutral ‘Zarokên Xwedê’ used of believers in 5:9.

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Incarnation

Approved rendering: Tecessud
Transliteration: tecessud
Doctrine: Incarnation

Inherited from Romans package. Presupposed by Immanuel (1:23) and echoed at 28:20, bookending the entire Gospel; anchoring must be consistent at both occurrences.

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Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: Padîşahiya Xwedê
Transliteration: padîşahiya Xwedê
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package. Theologically identical in referent to Matthew’s dominant circumlocution ‘Padîşahiya Ezmên’ (Kingdom of Heaven, see new entry below); the two must always be taught as the same reign, never a lesser or different kingdom.

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Law

Approved rendering: Şerîeta Mûsa
Transliteration: Şerîeta Mûsa
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: Namûs
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. NEVER bare ‘Şerîet’ or ‘Namûs.’ Jesus’ claim to ‘fulfill’ rather than abolish the Law (5:17-18) and to summarize it in love (22:36-40) both require the explicit ‘of Moses’ qualifier retained.

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Messiah

Approved rendering: Mesîh
Transliteration: Mesîh
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Central to Peter’s confession (16:16) and the trial before the Sanhedrin (26:63); Alevi or Yarsani divinely-guided-figure expectations add a further comparison layer for some Kurdish communities.

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Jesus

Approved rendering: Îsa
Transliteration: Îsa
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 1:21 directly links the name’s Hebrew meaning (‘YHWH saves’) to Christ’s specific, personal mission to save from sin — the strongest anchor point in the whole curriculum against the Kurdish nationalist-liberation resonance of ‘Rizgarî.‘

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God

Approved rendering: Xwedê
Transliteration: Xwedê
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Allah
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. A native word from the same Old Iranian root as Persian’s Khoda; the risk remains in content, not form.

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Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: Ruhê Pîroz
Transliteration: Ruhê Pîroz
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. The severity of the unforgivable sin of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit (12:31-32) depends entirely on the Spirit’s full deity, reinforcing the caution that the Spirit must not be identified with the created angel Jibril of mainstream tafsir.

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Father

Approved rendering: Bav
Transliteration: Bav
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. The Lord’s Prayer’s model address (‘Bavê me,’ Our Father, 6:9) makes this especially important to anchor correctly given its programmatic, catechetical role.

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Imputed Righteousness

Approved rendering: Adaleta ku tê hesibandin
Transliteration: adaleta ku tê hesibandin
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: Adaleta ku tê bidestxistin
Original: ἐλογίσθη…εἰς δικαιοσύνην
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Doctrinally presupposed by Matthew’s atonement material (20:28, 26:28), though not directly lexicalized in Matthew itself. Never render as earned righteousness.

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Sons Of God Believers

Approved rendering: Zarokên Xwedê
Transliteration: zarokên Xwedê
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: Kurê Xwedê (reserved exclusively for Christ)
Original: υἱοὶ θεοῦ
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (5:9, peacemakers ‘called sons of God’). Must use ‘Zarok’ (child, gender-neutral, adoptive-family register), never ‘Kur’ (Son, masculine, ontological). Critical because conflating the two would blur the line between Christ’s unrepeatable eternal Sonship and believers’ derivative, adoptive status — compounded by the shared Quranic restriction on adoption (33:4-5) and Kurdish tribal (aşîret) lineage structures.

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Son Of Man

Approved rendering: Kurê Mirov
Transliteration: Kurê Mirov
Doctrine: Son of Man as a Christological Title
Rejected alternatives: mirovek (generic ‘a human being’)
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW. Jesus’ most frequent self-designation (~30 occurrences: 8:20, 9:6, 12:8, 12:40, 16:13-28, 17:9, 19:28, 20:28, 24:27-44, 25:31, 26:64). Spans both voluntary human lowliness and the Daniel 7:13-14 exalted end-time judge; must never be flattened to ordinary ‘a human being,’ which would lose the Daniel 7 resonance. Requires one single, fully consistent rendering across every occurrence.

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Son Of David

Approved rendering: Kurê Dawid
Transliteration: Kurê Dawid
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (1:1, 9:27, 12:23, 15:22, 20:30-31, 21:9, 21:15, 22:42-45). Directly invokes both the baseline’s Davidic Covenant (High) and Messianic Promise (Critical) doctrines together; Dawid is a positively-regarded Quranic prophet-king but lacks the covenant-heir typology, so this background must be taught explicitly, never assumed.

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Immanuel

Approved rendering: Îmanûêl
Transliteration: Emmanouēl
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: Ἐμμανουήλ
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (1:23, echoed 28:20). Transliterated theological proper noun; ‘God with us’ meaning must be glossed at first occurrence since the transliterated form alone carries no semantic content for a Kurdish reader. Directly asserts the Incarnation; bookends the Gospel.

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Worship Of Jesus

Approved rendering: Perizîn
Transliteration: perizîn
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: nîşandana rêzê (mere showing of respect)
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (2:2, 2:11, 8:2, 9:18, 14:33, 15:25, 20:20, 28:9, 28:17). In mainstream Islamic theology, worship (ibadah) is due to Allah alone; worship of any created being is shirk. Every occurrence directed at Jesus is an implicit deity claim and must be flagged for theologian review, never softened to mere respectful bowing.

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The Coming One

Approved rendering: Yê ku were
Transliteration: yê ku were
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: ὁ ἐρχόμενος
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (11:3). A recognized messianic-expectation title in John the Baptist’s question; directly tied to Messianic Promise. Jesus answers with messianic-fulfillment evidence (11:4-5, echoing Isaiah).

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Hosanna

Approved rendering: Hosana
Transliteration: Hōsanna
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: ὡσαννά
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (21:9, 21:15). Preserved as a transliterated acclamation, per baseline precedent for Aramaic/Hebrew liturgical exclamations (Aba, Amîn, Hallelûya). Compounds Messianic Promise and Davidic Covenant risks; proximity to ‘save now’ requires the same anchoring discipline as ‘Rizgarî’ given the risk of political-liberation misreading.

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Authority To Forgive Sins

Approved rendering: Desthilatî ji bo lêbihûrtina guneh
Transliteration: desthilatî ji bo lêbihûrtina guneh
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἐξουσίαν…ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (9:6). A direct deity claim parallel in force to Lordship of Christ; must never be softened to ‘Jesus prayed for/announced God’s forgiveness’ but taught as Jesus exercising forgiveness as his own divine prerogative.

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Crucifixion

Approved rendering: Xaç / Xaçkirin
Transliteration: xaç / xaçkirin
Doctrine: The Historical Reality of the Crucifixion
Original: σταυρόω / σταυρός
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (ch. 27; also the discipleship metaphor at 16:24, 10:38). The single most direct point of confrontation with the Quran’s crucifixion-denial (Q 4:157). Kurdish possesses a native/Syriac-heritage term for ‘cross,’ reflecting the region’s ancient Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac Christian presence. Every occurrence requires explicit anchoring as a real, historical, bodily event, never an illusion or substitution.

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Kingdom Of Heaven

Approved rendering: Padîşahiya Ezmên
Transliteration: padîşahiya Ezmên
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν
Category: Kingdom

NEW FOR MATTHEW. Matthew’s characteristic circumlocution (~32 occurrences: 3:2, 4:17, 5:3, 5:10, 5:19-20, ch. 13, 18:1-4, 19:12-14, 23:13). Inherits and intensifies the baseline’s Kingdom of God nationalist-statehood risk. Must be taught as theologically identical to ‘Padîşahiya Xwedê’ (heaven-substitution is reverential circumlocution, not a lesser kingdom) and as a present, in-breaking reality, not merely a post-mortem paradise (cf. Jannah).

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Blood Of The Covenant

Approved rendering: Xwîna Peymanê
Transliteration: Xwîna Peymanê
Doctrine: Atonement and the Ransom of Christ
Original: τὸ αἷμά μου τῆς διαθήκης…εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Salvation

NEW FOR MATTHEW (26:28). The Gospel’s single clearest atonement-and-covenant statement, uniting the Ransom saying (20:28) with the New Covenant promise (Jeremiah 31). Must never be softened to a merely commemorative meal or symbolic covenant-renewal without the substitutionary, sin-forgiving blood-sacrifice content.

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Repentance

Approved rendering: Tobe / Tobe kirin
Transliteration: tobe / tobe kirin
Doctrine: Repentance
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Salvation

NEW FOR MATTHEW (3:2, 3:8, 3:11, 4:17, 11:20-21, 12:41). ‘Tobe’ is a direct Arabic-loan cognate of the Islamic tawbah, a works-conditioned legal-devotional category (regret, cessation, resolve, restitution). Risks importing a human-initiated, condition-satisfying framework onto the NT’s Spirit-enabled reorientation flowing from grace. Requires mandatory explicit doctrinal footnoting at first occurrence (3:2).

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Ransom

Approved rendering: Fîdî / Bihayê Fîdyeyê
Transliteration: fîdî / bihayê fîdyeyê
Doctrine: Atonement and the Ransom of Christ
Original: λύτρον
Category: Salvation

NEW FOR MATTHEW (20:28). Intersects directly with the Critical Justification/Imputed Righteousness cluster. ‘Fîdye’ is also a specific Islamic legal-Quranic compensation-payment term, a partial bridge, but the theological mechanism — Christ’s substitutionary death securing salvation by grace through faith, not a legal transaction one performs — must be taught explicitly against any works/transaction framework.

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Eternal Life And Punishment

Approved rendering: Jiyana Herheyî / Ezabê Herheyî
Transliteration: jiyana herheyî / ezabê herheyî
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος / κόλασις αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (19:16, 19:29, 25:41, 25:46). Significant overlap with Islamic eschatology’s own eternal Paradise/Hell doctrine, but the specific ground of the verdict at 25:31-46 (response to Christ himself, evidenced by mercy to ‘the least of these’) must be taught explicitly, distinct from a mizan works-weighing framework.

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Hell Gehenna

Approved rendering: Cehenem
Transliteration: Cehenem
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: γέεννα
Category: Eschatology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (5:22, 5:29-30, 10:28, 18:9, 23:15, 23:33). Direct Quranic/Islamic loanword (Jahannam); risk of importing Islamic-specific conceptions of hell rather than the biblical Gehenna concept tied to Christ’s own judgment. Requires the same rigorous doctrinal anchoring given to ‘Xwedê’/‘Allah.‘

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Great Commission

Approved rendering: Şagirt Çêkirin ji Hemû Miletan
Transliteration: Şagirt Çêkirin ji Hemû Miletan
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: Şagirt Çêkirin (abbreviated form omitting ‘ji Hemû Miletan’)
Original: μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
Category: Church

NEW FOR MATTHEW (28:19-20). Combines the discipleship risk (Şagirt’s Sufi murîd-pîr assimilation risk) with Mission to the Nations/Evangelism safety cautions across the four Kurdish-speaking states; must retain the full phrase, never abbreviated. ‘All nations’ is broader than the Romans-specific Jew/Gentile (‘ne-cihû’) contrast.

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Trinitarian Baptismal Formula

Approved rendering: Di navê Bav, Kur, û Ruhê Pîroz de
Transliteration: di navê Bav, Kur, û Ruhê Pîroz de
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: di navên Bav, Kur, û Ruhê Pîroz de (plural ‘names,’ rejected)
Original: εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος
Category: God

NEW FOR MATTHEW (28:19). Compounds every major tawhid-collision already documented into one formula. The singular ‘name’ (navê, singular) shared by three Persons must be preserved grammatically, never rendered as three separate names, to retain one-God-in-three-Persons.

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All Authority Heaven Earth

Approved rendering: Hemû desthilatî li ezman û li erdê
Transliteration: hemû desthilatî li ezman û li erdê
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: πᾶσα ἐξουσία ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (28:18). The Gospel’s fullest authority claim, applied cosmically, not merely to teaching; must be taught with full force, not softened into a merely earthly/political statement, especially given ‘desthilatî’s political-authority overtones in everyday Kurdish usage.

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Take Up Cross

Approved rendering: Xaçê xwe hilgirin
Transliteration: xaçê xwe hilgirin
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW (16:24, 10:38). Presupposes the historical reality of Christ’s literal crucifixion, denied by the Quran (4:157); this discipleship metaphor cannot be taught without first establishing the historicity of the cross.

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Poor In Spirit

Approved rendering: Belengaz di giyanê xwe de
Transliteration: belengaz di giyanê xwe de
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Rejected alternatives: Feqîr
Original: πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:3). The obvious Kurdish word for ‘poor/destitute person,’ ‘feqîr,’ is the Kurdish Sufi term for a dervish — a mendicant seeking mystical self-annihilation (fana) as a path of spiritual advancement. Using ‘feqîr’ risks turning this beatitude into an endorsement of Sufi ascetic practice. ‘Belengaz’ (native, without the Sufi technical loading) plus the explicit ‘di giyanê xwe de’ (‘in his own spirit’) qualifier is mandatory.

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High Risk Terms

Grace

Approved rendering: Kerem
Transliteration: kerem
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Risk of the Sufi ‘keramet’ elite-favor collision. Matthew 20:1-16 (the vineyard laborers) is a strong teaching text precisely because it rejects a merit-graded payment system, directly countering that collision.

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Faith

Approved rendering: Îman
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Must be anchored as personal trust in Christ, not creedal assent. The centurion’s faith (8:10) and Peter’s ‘little faith’ (14:31, renderable as ‘kêmîman’) both require the object of trust (Jesus’ specific spoken authority) to remain explicit.

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Righteousness

Approved rendering: Adalet
Transliteration: adalet
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Rastî
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package (values unchanged). MATTHEW-SPECIFIC ADDENDUM: in Matthew this term predominantly carries a lived, behavioral-ethical sense (5:6, 5:10, 5:20, 6:33), distinct from Romans’ forensic ‘declared righteous’ sense. The two senses must never be collapsed; a mandatory translator’s note is required at first Matthean occurrence (5:6) and again at 5:20, since ‘exceeding the Pharisees’ could otherwise be misread as a call to stricter external law-keeping.

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Called

Approved rendering: Bangkirî
Transliteration: bangkirî
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Presupposed in Matthew’s discipleship-call narratives (4:18-22, 9:9).

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Saints

Approved rendering: Pîrozan
Transliteration: pîrozan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in Matthew’s ‘sons of the kingdom’ language (8:12, 13:38); do not render with a term implying a hereditary spiritual elite (cf. Sufi pîr veneration).

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Sanctification

Approved rendering: Teqdîs
Transliteration: teqdîs
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: Pakkirin
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 15:11-20 (‘defile,’ koinoō) is a strong internal teaching text against the ritual-purity misreading this entry already guards against.

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Church

Approved rendering: Dêr
Transliteration: dêr
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Jesus’ only two recorded Gospel uses of ekklēsia (16:18, 18:17) require the gathered-community sense (Civata Mesîhî), never the building sense (Dêr). Religious freedom for gathering varies meaningfully across the four states Kurdish spans.

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Sin

Approved rendering: Guneh
Transliteration: guneh
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:21, 3:6, 9:2-6, 12:31, 26:28; shares the region’s fitrah (innate purity) doctrine which must be taught against.

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Obedience Of Faith

Approved rendering: Guhdarîkirina Baweriyê
Transliteration: guhdarîkirina baweriyê
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Original: ὑπακοὴ πίστεως
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Presupposed throughout Matthew’s discipleship material; must be taught as faith’s fruit, never its ground.

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Prophet

Approved rendering: Pêxember
Transliteration: pêxember
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Prophecy

Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 5:12 with the finality-of-prophethood caution (khatam al-anbiya); pair with fuller Christological framing.

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Covenant

Approved rendering: Peyman
Transliteration: peyman
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. See ‘blood_of_the_covenant’ entry below for Matthew’s central covenant text (26:28); Kurdish aşîret alliance-making parallel is revocable/between-equals, unlike the unilateral biblical covenant.

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Election

Approved rendering: Hilbijartin
Transliteration: hilbijartin
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly lexicalized in Matthew but consistent with the sovereign gathering of disciples; distinguish from a democratic vote.

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Intercession

Approved rendering: Navbeynkarî
Transliteration: navbeynkarî
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: ἔντευξις (thematic)
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Thematically relevant to the temple veil being torn (27:51), which removes the need for institutional intercessory mediation.

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Mission

Approved rendering: Peywira Mizgîniyê
Transliteration: peywira Mizgîniyê
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Culminates in the Great Commission (28:19-20); safety implications differ significantly by which of the four host states’ Kurdish population is the audience.

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Abba

Approved rendering: Aba
Transliteration: Aba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: אַבָּא
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly lexicalized in Matthew, but the Father/child intimacy pattern of the Lord’s Prayer is present.

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Seed Of David

Approved rendering: Dûndana Dawid
Transliteration: dûndana Dawid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Related to but distinct from the new Matthew title ‘Kurê Dawid’ (Son of David), which additionally asserts messianic identity, not merely lineage.

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Transfiguration

Approved rendering: Guherîn / Veguherîn
Transliteration: guherîn / veguherîn
Doctrine: The Transfiguration of Christ
Original: μετεμορφώθη
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (17:2). Risk of assimilation into Sufi mystical-illumination experiences or the Yazidi doctrine of successive divine manifestation into human figures. Must be taught as a single, unique unveiling of Christ’s own pre-existing glory, not a repeatable mystical event.

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King Of The Jews

Approved rendering: Padîşahê Cihûyan
Transliteration: Padîşahê Cihûyan
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (2:2, 27:11, 27:29, 27:37). Intersects with Messianic Promise and general Kurdish political sensitivity around kingship/statehood language; must be taught as a title intended mockingly by Pilate and the soldiers but presented ironically as true by Matthew.

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Cornerstone

Approved rendering: Kevirê ku avakaran red kir bû serê koşeyê
Transliteration: kevirê ku avakaran red kir bû serê koşeyê
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν…κεφαλὴν γωνίας
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (21:42, citing Psalm 118:22). A messianic rejection-then-vindication image applied by Jesus to himself; ties to both Messianic Promise and Fulfillment of Prophecy doctrines.

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Sign Of Jonah

Approved rendering: Nîşana Yûnis
Transliteration: Nîşana Yûnis
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (12:39-41). Yûnis/Jonah is a well-known, positively regarded Quranic prophet, a genuine bridge; but the typological pointer to bodily Resurrection must be made explicit given the region’s Quranic crucifixion-denial.

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Not My Will But Yours

Approved rendering: Ne wek ku ez dixwazim, lê wek ku tu dixwazî
Transliteration: ne wek ku ez dixwazim, lê wek ku tu dixwazî
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω ἀλλ’ ὡς σύ
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (26:39). Must affirm Christ’s genuine human anguish and will without implying any division or conflict within his single divine Person.

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This Is My Body

Approved rendering: Ev laşê min e
Transliteration: ev laşê min e
Doctrine: Atonement and the Ransom of Christ
Original: τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου
Category: Church

NEW FOR MATTHEW (26:26). Historically debated across Christian traditions (memorial vs. real presence); at minimum requires anchoring to the sacrificial, once-for-all nature of Christ’s death, avoiding any reading suggesting repeated re-sacrifice.

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Not Peace But Sword

Approved rendering: Ne aştî lê şûr
Transliteration: ne aştî lê şûr
Doctrine: The Cost of Allegiance to Christ within Family and Society
Original: οὐκ ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW (10:34). Given ‘aştî’s strongly positive political-peace-process resonance, this must not read as Jesus opposing peace itself; the point is the cost of allegiance to Christ within tribal/family (aşîret) loyalty structures.

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Church Discipline Process

Approved rendering: Pêvajoya şermezarkirina di Civatê de
Transliteration: pêvajoya şermezarkirina di Civatê de
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: ἐὰν δὲ παρακούσῃ…εἰπὲ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ
Category: Church

NEW FOR MATTHEW (18:15-20). Must be taught as redemptive and restoration-oriented, calibrated for contexts where open church gathering itself carries legal or social risk across the four Kurdish-speaking states; the restorative intent must be distinguished from tribal (aşîret) honor-based exclusion/shunning practices.

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Mysteries Of Kingdom

Approved rendering: Sira Padîşahiyê
Transliteration: sira Padîşahiyê
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Kingdom

NEW FOR MATTHEW (13:11). Risk of a Sufi esoteric-initiation misreading (‘sir’ as secret knowledge reserved for advanced spiritual adepts); must be taught as truth revealed openly to all who believe, not hidden gnosis for an elite.

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Keys Of The Kingdom

Approved rendering: Mifteyên Padîşahiyê
Transliteration: mifteyên Padîşahiyê
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: κλεῖδας τῆς βασιλείας
Category: Kingdom

NEW FOR MATTHEW (16:19). Historically debated authority image; Kurdish hearers may map this onto locally familiar clerical/Sufi shaykh hierarchies unless explicitly clarified.

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Binding And Loosing

Approved rendering: Girêdan û Vekirin
Transliteration: girêdan û vekirin
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: δήσῃς…λύσῃς
Category: Kingdom

NEW FOR MATTHEW (16:19, 18:18). Potential collision with Islamic jurisprudential (fatwa-issuing) authority concepts and a Sufi shaykh’s authority over a disciple’s soul; must be taught as corporate church authority exercised under Christ, not individual clerical power.

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Fulfill Prophecy Law

Approved rendering: Pêk anîn / Hate bicihanîn
Transliteration: pêk anîn / hate bicihanîn
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: πληρόω
Category: Prophecy

NEW FOR MATTHEW. Occurs in over ten fulfillment-formula quotations (1:22, 2:15, 2:17, 2:23, 3:15, 4:14, 5:17, 8:17, 12:17, 13:35, 21:4, 26:54-56, 27:9). Must be taught against the naskh (abrogation) default; Matthew’s claim is that Jesus completes, not replaces, the Hebrew Scriptures.

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Tradition Of The Elders

Approved rendering: Kevneşopiya Rihspiyan
Transliteration: kevneşopiya rihspiyan
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων
Category: Covenant

NEW FOR MATTHEW (15:2-6). Could be heard as commentary on regional religious authority structures generally (madhhab tradition, hadith-based legal reasoning); must be taught as an internal, historically specific critique, not a blanket dismissal of religious tradition.

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Baptism

Approved rendering: Imad / Imad kirin
Transliteration: imad / imad kirin
Doctrine: Baptism
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Church

NEW FOR MATTHEW; PROVISIONAL pending confirmation against established Kurdish Bible translation tradition in Phase 2. Risk of assimilation to Islamic ritual ablution (wudu, ghusl) — repeated, works-oriented purification rites — rather than once-for-all identification with Christ. Requires internal distinction between John’s preparatory water baptism (3:6, 3:11) and the Spirit-baptism Jesus brings (3:11), climaxing in the Trinitarian formula (28:19).

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Veil Of Temple Torn

Approved rendering: Perdeya perestgehê hate qetandin
Transliteration: perdeya perestgehê hate qetandin
Doctrine: Direct Access to God through Christ
Original: καταπέτασμα…ἐσχίσθη
Category: Salvation

NEW FOR MATTHEW (27:51). A rich teaching image for direct access to God through Christ, relevant to the Intercession entry’s shafa’at-adjacent mediation expectations; should be taught as removing the need for ongoing human/institutional intercessory mediation.

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False Prophets

Approved rendering: Pêxemberê Derew
Transliteration: Pêxemberê Derew
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ψευδοπροφῆται
Category: Prophecy

NEW FOR MATTHEW (7:15-20). Inherits the finality-of-prophethood caution; testing prophetic claims by fruit rather than by claimed authority offers a constructive teaching point that should be carefully distinguished from, not framed as directly competing with, the Islamic khatam al-anbiya framework.

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Authority Of Teaching

Approved rendering: Desthilatî
Transliteration: desthilatî
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (7:29, 9:6, 9:8, 21:23-27, 28:18). Standard Kurdish word for governmental/political authority as well as spiritual authority, resonant with the heavily politically-loaded Kurdish environment; Jesus’ unique divine-teaching authority must be clearly distinguished from merely human political or institutional authority.

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Disciple

Approved rendering: Şagirt
Transliteration: Şagirt
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: μαθητής
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW (throughout, esp. 4:18-22, 5:1, 10:1, 28:19). Risk of assimilation to the Sufi murîd’s structurally significant, socially prominent bond to a pîr (spiritual master, shrine veneration). Must be taught as the shared calling of all believers to follow Christ directly, never a hierarchical apprenticeship mediated through a venerated human master.

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Follow Me

Approved rendering: Şopandin / Li pey çûn
Transliteration: şopandin / li pey çûn
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀκολουθέω
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW (4:19-22, 8:22, 9:9, 16:24, 19:21). Must be taught as costly, total, immediate personal allegiance to Christ, distinct from generic admiration or intellectual assent.

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Render To Caesar

Approved rendering: Bide Qeyser tiştê Qeyser e, bide Xwedê tiştê Xwedê ye
Transliteration: bide Qeyser tiştê Qeyser e, bide Xwedê tiştê Xwedê ye
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: ἀπόδοτε…Καίσαρι…τῷ θεῷ
Category: Ethics

NEW FOR MATTHEW (22:21). Acute pastoral relevance given the Kurdish audience’s lived experience across four states with differing degrees of religious freedom; care is needed not to be heard as either blanket political quietism or coded resistance rhetoric.

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End Of Age

Approved rendering: Dawiya Dewranê
Transliteration: Dawiya Dewranê
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος
Category: Eschatology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (13:39-40, 13:49, 24:3, 28:20). Significant overlap with Islamic eschatology’s Yawm al-Qiyamah; genuine common ground exists, but the specific mechanism of judgment (through Christ, by grace received through faith, not a weighing of works) must be taught explicitly.

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Beatitude Blessed

Approved rendering: Xwezî
Transliteration: Xwezî
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: μακάριος
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:3-11). An established Kurdish idiomatic construction for beatitude-style blessing. Shares a root region with ‘bext’ (fate/fortune), carrying fatalistic overtones; must be anchored as God’s specific favor, not impersonal luck or destiny.

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Inherit The Earth

Approved rendering: Erdê wek mîras wergirtin
Transliteration: erdê wek mîras wergirtin
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: κληρονομήσουσιν τὴν γῆν
Category: Eschatology

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:5, citing Psalm 37:11). Given the Kurds’ century-long, deeply emotional national aspiration for a homeland/territory, this is a live candidate for being heard as a promise of Kurdish territorial statehood rather than eschatological renewal of all creation. Must be anchored explicitly to the whole redeemed creation, never a specific homeland.

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Pure In Heart

Approved rendering: Dilpak
Transliteration: dilpak
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: καθαροὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ
Category: Sanctification

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:8). Shares the root ‘pak’ (‘clean’) with the baseline’s explicitly rejected Sanctification term ‘Pakkirin’ (ritual cleanliness). The compound with ‘dil’ (heart) sufficiently narrows sense to moral/inner purity, but translators must actively guard against a ritual-washing reading (cf. wudu/ghusl).

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Persecuted For Righteousness

Approved rendering: Çewisandin / Zilm kirin ji ber Adaletê
Transliteration: çewisandin / zilm kirin ji ber adaletê
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: δεδιωγμένοι ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:10). Carries acute, lived, real-world resonance for Kurdish-speaking believers, given documented cross-border political and religious repression across the four states Kurdish spans. Teaching should be calibrated with pastoral sensitivity to the audience’s specific political/legal context.

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On My Account

Approved rendering: Li ser navê min
Transliteration: li ser navê min
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:11). Anchors suffering specifically to confession of Christ, intersecting with the Evangelism entry’s safety-sensitivity.

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Reward In Heaven

Approved rendering: Xelata Ezmanî
Transliteration: Xelata Ezmanî
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: μισθός
Category: Salvation

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:12). Misthos’s commercial ‘wages’ root creates genuine tension with Grace/Imputed Righteousness; this reward language must be taught as a gracious divine gift responding to faithfulness, never as salvation-by-merit.

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Medium Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: Mizgînî
Transliteration: Mizgînî
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. A native Kurdish word for ‘good news,’ not an Arabic loanword like Injil. In Matthew regularly paired with ‘of the kingdom’ (Mizgîniya Padîşahiyê, e.g. 4:23, 9:35, 24:14, 26:13); retain the kingdom qualifier so it is not read as a generic religious message. Qualify as the specific NT record when the Islamic Încîl/tahrif association is likely.

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Apostle

Approved rendering: Şandî
Transliteration: şandî
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: Resûl
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Names the Twelve at Matthew 10:2 for the mission discourse.

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Calling

Approved rendering: Vexwendin
Transliteration: vexwendin
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Direction of address (God calling a person) must be made explicit.

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Holy

Approved rendering: Pîroz
Transliteration: pîroz
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package.

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Peace

Approved rendering: Aştî
Transliteration: aştî
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 10:34 (‘not peace but a sword’) deliberately jars against this term’s positive political-peace-process resonance; see ‘not_peace_but_sword’ entry below for the required fencing.

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Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: Diyariyên Giyanî
Transliteration: diyariyên giyanî
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Original: χαρίσματα
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly lexicalized in Matthew.

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Fellowship

Approved rendering: Hevaltî
Transliteration: hevaltî
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Implied in Matthew 18:20 (‘where two or three gathered’); ‘heval’ carries a secular revolutionary-movement echo (‘comrade’) that context should disambiguate.

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Gentiles

Approved rendering: Ne-cihû
Transliteration: ne-cihû
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: Umet
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Used more narrowly than Matthew’s broader Great Commission phrase ‘all nations’ (28:19), which includes every people without distinction, Jew included.

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Glory

Approved rendering: Rûmet
Transliteration: rûmet
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Relevant to the Transfiguration (17:2) where Christ’s own pre-existing glory is unveiled; must be anchored to Christ’s specific, historical glory, not left as generalized mystical splendor (cf. Kurdish Sufi poetry).

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Power Of God

Approved rendering: Hêza Xwedê
Transliteration: hêza Xwedê
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 19:26 (‘with God all things are possible’) applies specifically to salvation’s impossibility apart from grace, a strong teaching bridge.

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Providence

Approved rendering: Rêveberiya Xwedê
Transliteration: rêveberiya Xwedê
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόνοια (thematic)
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in the Sermon on the Mount’s teaching on God’s care for sparrows and lilies (6:25-34, 10:29-31); keep distinct from folk qadar fatalism.

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Israel

Approved rendering: Îsraîl
Transliteration: Îsraîl
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package.

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Son Of Abraham

Approved rendering: Kurê Îbrahîm
Transliteration: Kurê Îbrahîm
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: υἱὸς Ἀβραάμ
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (1:1). Uses the established proper name Îbrahîm, a deeply and positively revered Quranic patriarch; genuine common ground, though the Abrahamic covenant-promise-to-bless-all-nations content must still be taught, since the Quranic Ibrahim narrative omits it.

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Virgin Birth

Approved rendering: Keçika Bakîre
Transliteration: keçika bakîre
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: παρθένος
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (1:23). The Quran affirms Mary’s virginity and Isa’s miraculous birth (Q 19:20-22), a genuine point of agreement; care needed so hearers do not assume the full Quranic account, which denies the Incarnation and Sonship this birth signifies.

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Living God

Approved rendering: Xwedayê Zindî
Transliteration: Xwedayê Zindî
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεὸς ζῶν
Category: God

NEW FOR MATTHEW (16:16, 26:63). Partial overlap with the Islamic divine name Al-Hayy (‘The Living’), a genuine bridge term usable in Peter’s confession and before the Sanhedrin.

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Greatest Commandment

Approved rendering: Fermana Herî Mezin
Transliteration: Fermana Herî Mezin
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: ἐντολὴ μεγάλη…ἀγαπήσεις
Category: Covenant

NEW FOR MATTHEW (22:36-40). Summarizes the entire Law in love of God and neighbor; reinforces, rather than replaces, the ch. 5 ‘fulfill the Law’ teaching.

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Hypocrites

Approved rendering: Durû
Transliteration: durû
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: ὑποκριταί
Category: Ethics

NEW FOR MATTHEW (6:2, 6:5, 6:16, 15:7, 22:18, 23:13-29). A good native compound (‘two-faced’); should be taught carefully as Jesus’ critique of a specific religious posture, not as a blanket ethnic or communal caricature of any one group.

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Mammon

Approved rendering: Mal-mulk / Dinya
Transliteration: mal-mulk / dinya
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: μαμωνᾶς
Category: Ethics

NEW FOR MATTHEW (6:24). The personification of wealth as a rival ‘master’ should be preserved rather than reduced to generic financial advice.

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Defile

Approved rendering: Qirêj kirin
Transliteration: qirêj kirin
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: κοινόω
Category: Sanctification

NEW FOR MATTHEW (15:11, 15:18-20). Relocates the source of defilement from external contact to the internal heart; a valuable teaching text against the ritual-purity framework the baseline already guards against (cf. ‘Pakkirin’ rejection).

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Devil Satan

Approved rendering: Îblîs / Şeytan
Transliteration: Îblîs / Şeytan
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: διάβολος
Category: Christology

NEW FOR MATTHEW (4:1-11, 13:39). Shared with regional Islamic vocabulary for the same figure, a genuine point of common ground; Christian teaching on the devil’s ultimate defeat through Christ’s death and resurrection should be made explicit in context.

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Least Of These

Approved rendering: Yên herî biçûk ji birayên min
Transliteration: yên herî biçûk ji birayên min
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου τῶν ἐλαχίστων
Category: Ethics

NEW FOR MATTHEW (25:40, 25:45). Grounds final judgment in practical mercy shown to the vulnerable, done as if to Christ himself; a strong point of connection to regional hospitality/care-for-the-poor values, though the specific christological ground must be made explicit.

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Mourn Comforted

Approved rendering: Şîn girtin / Teselî bidin
Transliteration: şîn girtin / teselî bidin
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: πενθοῦντες / παρακληθήσονται
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:4). Kurdish funerary mourning customs (organized lament, dirge) are culturally vivid and may narrow the sense toward literal bereavement only; teaching should broaden to include mourning over sin and the world’s brokenness.

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Meek

Approved rendering: Dilnizm
Transliteration: dilnizm
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Rejected alternatives: helîm
Original: πραεῖς
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:5). A native compound (‘low/humble of heart’) avoids the Arabic-loan ‘helîm,’ which doubles as one of the 99 names of Allah (el-Helîm, ‘The Forbearing’); must be distinguished from passivity or weakness.

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Merciful

Approved rendering: Dilovan
Transliteration: dilovan
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: ἐλεήμονες
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:7). Overlaps with the Islamic divine attributes Rehman/Rahîm, invoked at the start of every Quranic chapter (Bismillah); a genuine cultural asset if anchored specifically to Christ’s example, not left as generic devotional overlap.

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Peacemakers

Approved rendering: Aştîçêker
Transliteration: aştîçêker
Doctrine: Kingdom Character and Blessedness (the Beatitudes)
Original: εἰρηνοποιοί
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW, CORE PASSAGE (5:9). ‘Aştî’s association with real, hard-won regional peace processes (e.g. the Kurdish-Turkish peace process) is a genuine communicative asset, but the specifically gospel-shaped, cross-bearing character of biblical peacemaking must be made explicit, distinct from political conflict resolution.

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Low Risk Terms

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: Spasî
Transliteration: spasî
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package.

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Prophecy

Approved rendering: Pêxemberî
Transliteration: pêxemberî
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Prophecy

Inherited from Romans package.

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David

Approved rendering: Dawid
Transliteration: Dawid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package.

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Exhort

Approved rendering: Handan kirin
Transliteration: handan kirin
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package.

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Narrow Gate

Approved rendering: Deriyê teng
Transliteration: deriyê teng
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: στενὴ πύλη
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW (7:13-14). Standard image-based vocabulary; frames discipleship as a decisive, minority choice.

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Parable

Approved rendering: Mesele / Gotina bi mînak
Transliteration: mesele / gotina bi mînak
Doctrine: Parables as a Teaching Method
Original: παραβολή
Category: Discipleship

NEW FOR MATTHEW (ch. 13 and throughout). A broadly familiar teaching genre across the region’s religious traditions (including hadith literature); a generally safe communicative form.