Core Glossary
08 — Core Glossary: 2 Thessalonians
| # | Term (EN) | Category | Status | Risk | Greek Original | Transliteration | Kurdish Term | Definition | Translation Notes | Chapter(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God | God | REUSED | Critical | θεός | theos | Xwedê | The one true, personal, triune God | Baseline rendering; see baseline notes on Xwedê vs. Allah. | 1,2,3 |
| 2 | Lord | Christology | REUSED | Critical | κύριος | kyrios | Xudan | Exclusive, supreme Lordship of Christ | Baseline rendering; applies throughout to Jesus as Lord (1:1,7,8,9,12; 2:1,2,8,13,14,16; 3:1,3,4,5,6,12,16,18). | 1,2,3 |
| 3 | Jesus | Christology | REUSED | Critical | Ἰησοῦς | Iēsous | Îsa | Proper name of the Son of God | Baseline rendering. | 1,2,3 |
| 4 | Christ/Messiah | Christology | REUSED | Critical | Χριστός | Christos | Mesîh | The Anointed One | Baseline rendering. | 1,2,3 |
| 5 | Church | Church | REUSED | High | ἐκκλησία | ekklēsia | Dêr / Civata Mesîhî | The gathered new-covenant community | Baseline rendering; “Civata Mesîhî” for the gathered-people sense per baseline note (1:1). | 1 |
| 6 | Grace | Salvation | REUSED | High | χάρις | charis | Kerem | Unmerited favor | Baseline rendering; guard against Sufi keramet elitism per baseline note. | 1,2,3 |
| 7 | Peace | Salvation | REUSED | Medium | εἰρήνη | eirēnē | Aştî | Relational peace through Christ | Baseline rendering; here climactically as “Lord of peace” (3:16). | 1,3 |
| 8 | Faith | Faith | REUSED | High | πίστις | pistis | Îman | Trust in Christ specifically | Baseline rendering; note ironic negative use at 2:11 (“believing the lie”) uses “bawerî,” not “Îman” — see entry 21. | 1,2,3 |
| 9 | Saints | Church | REUSED | High | ἅγιοι | hagioi | Pîrozan | All believers, not a hereditary elite | Baseline rendering (1:10, “glorified in his saints”). | 1 |
| 10 | Holy Spirit | God | REUSED | Critical | πνεῦμα (ἅγιον, contextually) | pneuma hagion | Ruhê Pîroz | The third Person of the Trinity | Baseline rendering (2:13, “sanctification of the Spirit”). | 2 |
| 11 | Sanctification | Sanctification | REUSED | High | ἁγιασμός | hagiasmos | Teqdîs | The Spirit’s ongoing holiness-work | Baseline rendering (2:13). | 2 |
| 12 | Salvation | Salvation | REUSED | Critical | σωτηρία | sōtēria | Rizgarî | Personal, spiritual deliverance in Christ | Baseline rendering; MUST remain anchored to personal/spiritual sense against nationalist political overtone; occurs at 2:10, 2:13. Distinguish from the everyday “rescue” sense at 3:2 (see entry 33). | 2,3 |
| 13 | Election/Calling | Salvation | REUSED | High | ἐκλογή / κλῆσις / καλέω | eklogē / klēsis / kaleō | Hilbijartin / Bangkirî | God’s sovereign choice and summons | Baseline rendering; “chosen … for salvation” (2:13) and “called through our gospel” (2:14). Guard against the democratic-election overtone of “hilbijartin.” | 2 |
| 14 | Gospel | Salvation | REUSED | Medium | εὐαγγέλιον | euangelion | Mizgînî | The proclaimed good news of Christ | Baseline rendering (1:8; 2:14). | 1,2 |
| 15 | Obedience of Faith | Faith | REUSED | Critical | ὑπακούω τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ | hypakouō tō euangeliō | Guhdarîkirina Baweriyê | Obedience flowing from faith, not its ground | Baseline rendering; applied here as “obey the gospel” (1:8). | 1 |
| 16 | Kingdom of God | Kingdom | REUSED | Critical | βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ | basileia tou theou | Padîşahiya Xwedê | God’s exclusively spiritual reign | Baseline rendering (1:5, “worthy of the kingdom of God”); never framed as endorsing Kurdish statehood aspirations. | 1 |
| 17 | Glory | God | REUSED | Medium | δόξα | doxa | Rûmet | Christ’s radiant honor and majesty | Baseline rendering (1:9,12; 2:14; 3:1). | 1,2,3 |
| 18 | Providence | God | REUSED | Medium | (implied — καιρός, “appointed time”) | kairos | Rêveberiya Xwedê | God’s personal, purposive governance | Baseline rendering; underlies the “appointed time” of 2:6 and the timing of the whole judgment scene. | 2 |
| 19 | Righteousness (root) | Salvation | REUSED | Critical | δικ- root (ἀδικία, δικαία κρίσις) | dik- root | Adalet (root) | Forensic right-standing / its negation | Baseline rendering reused as the root for “unrighteousness” (2:10,12) and “righteous judgment” (1:5); see entries 27, 29. | 1,2 |
| 20 | Day of the Lord | Eschatology | NEW | Critical | ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου | hēmera tou kyriou | Roja Xudan | The climactic day of Christ’s return and judgment | Distinguish sharply from Islamic Yawm al-Qiyāmah/Yawm ad-Dīn eschatological framework and its associated signs (Dajjal, Mahdi, mīzān); anchor exclusively to Christ’s own parousia. Human theologian review required at every occurrence (2:2). | 2 |
| 21 | Coming/Parousia | Eschatology | NEW | Critical | παρουσία | parousia | Hatina Xudan | Christ’s personal, visible, glorious return | Distinguish from Islamic nuzûl-i Îsa narrative (Îsa’s Islamic-framework descent); always anchor to “Xudan.” Occurs 2:1, 2:8, 2:9. | 2 |
| 22 | Man of Lawlessness | Christology/Eschatology | NEW | Critical | ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας / ὁ ἄνομος | ho anthrōpos tēs anomias / ho anomos | Mirovê Bêqanûniyê | The singular eschatological opponent, self-deified | Guard against uncritical conflation with Islamic al-Dajjal folklore beyond the text’s own specific details; keep “bêqanûnî” (secular-law loanword root) rather than any Şerîet-adjacent term. Human theologian review required (2:3, 2:8). | 2 |
| 23 | Son of Perdition | Christology/Eschatology | NEW | Critical | ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας | ho huios tēs apōleias | Kurê Wendabûnê | Title marking the man of lawlessness as destined for destruction | Must not be allowed to blur, by parallel “son of X” phrasing, with the Critical baseline “Kurê Xwedê” (Son of God). | 2 |
| 24 | The Apostasy | Eschatology | NEW | Critical | ἡ ἀποστασία | hē apostasia | Dûrketina ji Baweriyê | A future decisive falling-away from true faith preceding the Day of the Lord | Deliberately avoid Arabic-cognate “ridde/irtidad” vocabulary given the severe, sometimes capital, regional legal/social consequences of Islamic apostasy and the real danger to converts; keep strictly theological and future-oriented. Human theologian review required (2:3). | 2 |
| 25 | Mystery of Lawlessness | Eschatology | NEW | High | μυστήριον τῆς ἀνομίας | mystērion tēs anomias | Sira Bêqanûniyê | The presently-active, hidden operation of end-times lawlessness | ”Sir” carries positive Sufi esoteric-truth resonance (bātin tradition); must be clearly bounded as evil, not confused with legitimate spiritual mystery. (2:7) | 2 |
| 26 | The Restrainer | Eschatology | NEW | High | τὸ κατέχον / ὁ κατέχων | to katechon / ho katechōn | Ya/Ê ku Asteng Dike | The impersonal force / personal agent delaying the lawless one’s unveiling | Preserve the deliberate neuter-to-masculine shift using Kurdish grammatical gender marking; do not resolve the historic identity debate (government, angelic power, Spirit) in translation. Theologian review required. (2:6-7) | 2 |
| 27 | Righteous Judgment of God | Judgment | NEW | Critical | δικαία κρίσις τοῦ θεοῦ | dikaia krisis tou theou | Darazandina Adil a Xwedê | God’s forensic, retributive verdict vindicating the persecuted | Distinguish from the Islamic mīzān (deeds-scale) judgment model; ground judgment in relationship to Christ/gospel, consistent with baseline justification doctrine. (1:5) | 1 |
| 28 | Condemned/Judged | Judgment | NEW | Critical | κριθῶσιν | krithōsin | werin darizandin | Final judicial condemnation | Use consistent judgment-root vocabulary matching entry 27 for doctrinal cohesion across the letter. (2:12) | 2 |
| 29 | Worthy of the Kingdom | Kingdom/Salvation | NEW | High | καταξιωθῆναι τῆς βασιλείας | kataxiōthēnai tēs basileias | Hêjayî Padîşahiya Xwedê | Being reckoned worthy of God’s kingdom through suffering | Must not read as merit earned; pair explicitly with grace (Kerem) to avoid contradicting the baseline’s rejection of “earned righteousness.” (1:5) | 1 |
| 30 | Vengeance/Retribution (God’s) | Judgment | NEW | Critical | ἐκδίκησις | ekdikēsis | Tolhildana Xwedê ya Adil | God’s own exclusive, just retribution against persecutors | ”Tolhildan” is the specific Kurdish tribal blood-vengeance/honor-feud term; the qualifiers “Xwedê” and “adil” must never be dropped, to prevent reading as divine sanction for human vendetta. Human theologian review required. (1:8) | 1 |
| 31 | Eternal Destruction | Judgment | NEW | High | ὄλεθρον αἰώνιον | olethron aiōnion | Helakiya Herheyî | Final, unending ruin away from Christ’s presence | Distinguish from the Islamic Cehennem doctrine’s graduated/temporary-punishment framework for believers who sinned; this text’s referent is a stark, binary, unending fate. (1:9) | 1 |
| 32 | Perseverance/Steadfastness | Perseverance | NEW | Critical | ὑπομονή | hypomonē | Domdarî (secondary: sebir) | Patient endurance under persecution, entrusting vindication to God | Explicitly reject “Berxwedan” (the Kurdish political/armed-resistance rallying term, cf. “Berxwedan Jiyan e”); this doctrine is about non-retaliatory, patient endurance, the opposite of the term’s revolutionary connotation. Human theologian review required. (1:4; 3:5) | 1,3 |
| 33 | Rescue (everyday) | Faith | NEW | Medium | ῥύομαι | rhyomai | Xilaskirin | Deliverance from immediate danger/hostile people | Keep distinct from the Critical technical term “Rizgarî” (salvation, entry 12) to preserve that term’s doctrinal precision. (3:2) | 3 |
| 34 | The Evil One / Satan | Christology/Spiritual Warfare | NEW | Critical | ὁ πονηρός / ὁ Σατανᾶς | ho ponēros / ho Satanas | Yê Xerab / Şeytan | The personal, malevolent adversary empowering the man of lawlessness | CRITICAL: Yazidi theology venerates Melek Taus and categorically rejects any identification of this figure with Satan/Iblis — a false identification historically used to justify severe persecution of Yazidis. Must never be allowed to touch, or be read as touching, Yazidi belief. Human theologian review required at every occurrence. (2:9; 3:3) | 2,3 |
| 35 | Signs and Wonders of Falsehood | Eschatology | NEW | High | σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα ψεύδους | sēmeia kai terata pseudous | Nîşan û Kerametên Derewîn | Counterfeit miracles produced by satanic power | ”Keramet” is the Sufi term for saintly miracles (High risk per baseline “grace” entry); the qualifier “derewîn” (false) must never be dropped to avoid implying blanket condemnation of Sufi miracle traditions. (2:9) | 2 |
| 36 | Strong Delusion | Judgment | NEW | High | ἐνέργεια πλάνης | energeia planēs | Bandora Çewtiyê | God’s judicial hardening of truth-rejecters | Must be taught as righteous, responsive judgment, not as God authoring the original unbelief; parallels Romans’ “God gave them over” pattern (baseline Universal Human Accountability, High). (2:11) | 2 |
| 37 | Believing the Lie | Faith/Judgment | NEW | High | πιστεῦσαι τῷ ψεύδει | pisteusai tō pseudei | Bawer kirina bi Derewan | Ironic false-belief, ultimate rejection of the truth | Uses “bawerî” rather than “Îman” to keep this false-belief use distinct in register from the baseline’s reserved term for saving faith. (2:11) | 2 |
| 38 | Temple of God | Eschatology | NEW | High | ναὸς τοῦ θεοῦ | naos tou theou | Perestgeha Xwedê | The most sacred sanctuary, site of the lawless one’s self-deification claim | Regional shrine culture (Yazidi Lalish, Sufi pîr shrines) lends concreteness but must not reduce the force of the claim to mere shrine-desecration; the point is the deity-claim itself. Interpretive question (literal future temple vs. the church) flagged, not resolved, in translation. (2:4) | 2 |
| 39 | Traditions (Apostolic) | Church/Authority | NEW | Critical | παράδοσις | paradosis | Kevneşopiyên Şandiyan | Authoritative apostolic teaching, oral and written, to be firmly held | Doubled ground risk: (1) Islamic Sunnah/Hadîs transmission apparatus; (2) Kurdish tribal ‘adet û urf customary law. Must always be qualified explicitly as the apostles’ own gospel teaching about Christ. Human theologian review required at every occurrence. (2:15; 3:6) | 2,3 |
| 40 | Persecutions and Afflictions | Perseverance | NEW | High | διωγμοί καὶ θλίψεις | diōgmoi kai thlipseis | Çewsandin û Tengasî | Hostile persecution and general tribulation endured for the gospel | Real communal resonance with Kurdish historical suffering (Anfal, Halabja) is an asset but must be kept specifically tied to suffering FOR THE GOSPEL, not dissolved into the broader ethnic-national suffering narrative. (1:4,6) | 1 |
| 41 | Idleness/Disorderly Conduct | Ethics | NEW | Medium | ἀτάκτως / ἀτακτέω | ataktōs / atakteō | Bêrêzî | Undisciplined, out-of-step-with-community conduct (broader than mere laziness) | Preserve the military “out of ranks” nuance; do not reduce to simple “betal” (laziness) alone. (3:6,7,11) | 3 |
| 42 | Command (Apostolic) | Church/Authority | NEW | Medium/High | παραγγέλλω | parangellō | Emir (never: Ferman) | Authoritative apostolic instruction given in Christ’s name | ”Ferman” specifically denotes the historic genocidal edicts against the Yazidi community (“72 Fermans”) in Kurdish/Yazidi collective memory; using it for routine apostolic instruction would be jarringly inappropriate. (3:4,6,10,12) | 3 |
| 43 | Truth (vs. the lie) | Faith/Judgment | NEW | Medium | ἀλήθεια | alētheia | Rastî | Objective truth, specifically the gospel truth rejected by the lawless one’s followers | Note: distinct Greek term from dikaiosynē (righteousness); this use of “Rastî” for “truth” does not reopen or conflict with the baseline’s rejection of “Rastî” as a rendering for “righteousness” (a different word). (2:10,12,13) | 2 |
| 44 | Word of the Lord | Church/Mission | REUSED | Low/Medium | ὁ λόγος τοῦ κυρίου | ho logos tou kyriou | Peyva Xudan | The gospel message as authoritative divine speech | Reuses Lord (Xudan) and gospel-field vocabulary; standard. (3:1) | 3 |
| 45 | Brothers | Church | REUSED | Low/Medium | ἀδελφοί | adelphoi | Bira | Familial address for fellow believers | Standard; distinguish spiritual from tribal blood-kinship sense by context, per baseline adoption doctrine note. (throughout) | 1,2,3 |
Coverage confirmation
- Chapter 1 — fully analyzed: grace/peace, church, faith/love, perseverance, persecutions/afflictions, righteous judgment, worthy of the kingdom, vengeance, eternal destruction, presence of the Lord, obedience of the gospel, glorified in his saints.
- Chapter 2 — fully analyzed, including full verse-by-verse treatment of the core passage (2:1-12) and the remainder of the chapter (2:13-17): day of the Lord, parousia, apostasy, man of lawlessness/son of perdition, temple of God, the restrainer, mystery of lawlessness, working of Satan, signs/wonders of falsehood, strong delusion, believing the lie, righteous condemnation, election/sanctification/calling restated, traditions introduced.
- Chapter 3 — fully analyzed: prayer for the word of the Lord, everyday “rescue” distinguished from Rizgarî, the Lord’s faithfulness and guarding from the evil one, Christ’s own steadfastness as the pattern of perseverance, apostolic command, traditions restated and applied, disorderly/idle conduct, work ethic instructions, the Lord of peace, epistolary authentication (Paul’s own hand).
No chapter of 2 Thessalonians was found to contribute zero new theological vocabulary; all three chapters are short but doctrinally dense, and each has been analyzed accordingly.
This glossary must be loaded alongside the baseline translation_memory.json for Phase 2 processing. All NEW entries above require formal addition to translation memory (with version increment) and theologian sign-off for Critical/High risk items before any segment translation begins, per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Lord
Approved rendering: Xudan
Transliteration: Xudan
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: applying supreme, exclusive Lordship to Jesus is the deity claim itself and must not be softened to mere ownership or leadership. In 2 Thessalonians this term anchors nearly every eschatological title in the letter (Roja Xudan, Hatina Xudan, Xuyabûna Hatina Wî) precisely to keep those constructions bound to Christ’s own exclusive, sovereign coming rather than a generic or shared eschatological event; occurs over 20 times (1:1,7,8,9,12; 2:1,2,8,13,14,16; 3:1,3,4,5,6,12,16,18).
Jesus
Approved rendering: Îsa
Transliteration: Îsa
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. The risk remains entirely in content: ‘Îsa’ still carries the Quranic prophet-only, non-crucified, non-divine narrative that must be actively corrected, here especially at 2:8 where ‘the Lord Jesus’ personally and unaidedly destroys the lawless one.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Mesîh
Transliteration: Mesîh
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: carries the same pre-loaded Quranic content as Arabic’s al-Masih; Alevi/Yarsani divinely-guided-figure expectations add a further layer of comparison. No 2 Thessalonians-specific new risk beyond the baseline note.
God
Approved rendering: Xwedê
Transliteration: Xwedê
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Allah
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: strict tawhid theology must be distinguished from the Trinitarian conception denoted by the same word. In 2 Thessalonians 2:11 God is the direct grammatical subject sending judicial delusion; this must be taught as righteous, responsive judgment, never as God authoring the original unbelief.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Ruhê Pîroz
Transliteration: Ruhê Pîroz
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα (ἁγιασμῷ πνεύματος)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: the created-being-versus-divine-Person distinction from the region’s mainstream Jibril identification must be made explicit at 2:13, ‘sanctification of the Spirit,’ where the Spirit is the instrumental agent of election unto salvation.
Father
Approved rendering: Bav
Transliteration: Bav
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: shares the region’s tawhid-anthropomorphism objection to Father-language for God. Occurs in the letter’s opening greeting (1:1-2, ‘God our Father’) and closing benedictions; no adoption-specific content is developed in this short letter, but the term itself carries the same baseline risk wherever God is addressed as Father.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Padîşahiya Xwedê
Transliteration: padîşahiya Xwedê
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: the Kurds’ century-long, stateless national aspiration for an independent Kurdistan makes this phrase especially prone to being heard as endorsing that specific political aspiration. In 2 Thessalonians 1:5, ‘counted worthy of the kingdom of God’ additionally risks a merit-earned reading if not paired explicitly with Kerem (grace); the suffering-and-reward context here sharpens both risks simultaneously.
Salvation
Approved rendering: Rizgarî
Transliteration: rizgarî
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: must remain anchored to Christ’s specific, personal, spiritual deliverance, distinct from Kurdish political-nationalist liberation vocabulary. Occurs at 2:10 (refused, leading to condemnation) and 2:13 (chosen for salvation). Must be kept lexically distinct in this letter from the everyday ‘rescue’ sense at 3:2, rendered instead as Xilaskirin (see new entry), so the technical soteriological term is never diluted.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: Roja Xudan
Transliteration: Roja Xudan
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL: mainstream regional Sunni Islam holds a fully-developed parallel doctrine (Yawm al-Qiyāmah/Yawm ad-Dīn) with its own detailed signs (al-Dajjal, the Mahdi, Yajuj wa Majuj, the trumpet, the mīzān). Kurdish hearers will likely map ‘Roja Xudan’ onto this existing eschatological furniture; must be taught as inaugurated and centered exclusively on the parousia of the Lord Jesus, resolved by Christ’s own action, never a deeds-weighing scale. Occurs 2:2, frames 2:3-12.
Coming Parousia
Approved rendering: Hatina Xudan
Transliteration: Hatina Xudan
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL: must always be anchored to ‘Xudan.’ Mainstream regional Sunni eschatology holds its own doctrine of Îsa’s descent (nuzûl-i Îsa) as a Muslim prophet-figure who marries, dies naturally, breaks crosses, and affirms Islam. Kurdish hearers may assimilate this term into that pre-existing narrative rather than Christ’s sovereign, unaided destruction of the lawless one. Occurs 2:1, 2:8, 2:9.
Appearing Of His Coming
Approved rendering: Xuyabûna Hatina Wî
Transliteration: Xuyabûna Hatina Wî
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: a single flattened phrase such as ‘dema ku ew tê’ (when he comes)
Original: ἡ ἐπιφάνεια τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL: the doubled Greek construction (epiphaneia + parousia) stacks two overlapping glory-terms for the single most emphatic NT description of the Second Coming; must be preserved as intensification, not flattened into a plain ‘when he comes,’ and remains subject to the same nuzûl-i Îsa collision risk as coming_parousia. Occurs 2:8.
Man Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: Mirovê Bêqanûniyê
Transliteration: Mirovê Bêqanûniyê
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: any Şerîet-adjacent root, any transliteration or cognate of al-Dajjal
Original: ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας / ὁ ἄνομος
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL: maps with striking structural precision onto al-Dajjal in mainstream Islamic eschatology (false miracles, mass deception, destroyed at Îsa’s return). Kurdish hearers may import extensive extrabiblical Dajjal folklore, or assume the passage merely restates a familiar story. Uses ‘bêqanûnî,’ from the secular/state-law loanword ‘qanûn,’ deliberately not Şerîet-adjacent vocabulary, so the title stays bounded to Paul’s own details (self-enthronement in God’s temple claiming to BE God, destroyed by Christ’s breath alone). Occurs 2:3,4,8 (shortened ‘ho anomos’ at 2:8).
Son Of Perdition
Approved rendering: Kurê Wendabûnê
Transliteration: Kurê Wendabûnê
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL: the ‘son of X’ idiom, paralleling the established Critical ‘Kurê Xwedê’ (Son of God), requires that hearers never confuse this figure’s derivative, doomed ‘sonship’ with Christ’s unique eternal Sonship; the two titles must never be allowed to blur by careless parallel phrasing. Occurs 2:3.
The Apostasy
Approved rendering: Dûrketina ji Baweriyê
Transliteration: Dûrketina ji Baweriyê
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: any Arabic-cognate ‘ridde/irtidad’ vocabulary
Original: ἡ ἀποστασία
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL, SAFETY-SENSITIVE: apostasy from Islam (ridda/irtidād) is an exceptionally severe legal and social category across all four states Kurdish spans, in some traditional interpretations carrying capital punishment and frequently provoking family/honor-based violence against converts, including Kurdish converts to Christianity. Deliberately avoids any ridda/irtidad-cognate root; must be taught strictly as a future falling-away of professing Christians from true doctrine, never as commentary on the regional ridda category. Occurs 2:3.
Will Destroy
Approved rendering: Wê Wî Têk Bibe
Transliteration: wê wî têk bibe
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
NEW. CRITICAL: must convey Christ’s unilateral, effortless victory over the lawless one, never a contest between comparable powers, which would understate Christ’s supremacy (Lordship of Christ, baseline Critical). Occurs 2:8, paired with ‘wê betal bike’ (will abolish) for emphatic redundancy.
Satan And The Evil One
Approved rendering: Şeytan / Yê Xerab
Transliteration: Şeytan / Yê Xerab
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ Σατανᾶς / ὁ πονηρός
Category: Eschatology
NEW. CRITICAL, SAFETY-SENSITIVE: Yazidi theology reveres Melek Taus (the ‘Peacock Angel’) as a repentant, restored figure and categorically rejects any identification of Melek Taus with Satan/Iblis/Şeytan — a false identification historically made by neighboring Muslim communities that fueled centuries of violent persecution of Yazidis (the ‘Fermans’). Discussion of Satan’s end-times activity in a mixed Kurdish setting must never be allowed to touch, endorse, or comment on Yazidi belief. Occurs 2:9; 3:3.
Gods Righteous Judgment
Approved rendering: Darazandina Adil a Xwedê
Transliteration: darazandina adil a Xwedê
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: δικαία κρίσις τοῦ θεοῦ / κριθῶσιν
Category: Judgment
NEW. CRITICAL: mainstream regional Islamic eschatology’s mīzān (deeds-scale) judgment model is the default framework Kurdish hearers will reach for. Paul’s righteous judgment vindicates the persecuted and condemns gospel-rejecters based on relationship to Christ and the gospel, not a weighed balance of deeds, closely bound to the baseline Critical justification/imputed-righteousness doctrines. Occurs 1:5-6, restated as the verdict ‘krithōsin’ (werin darizandin) at 2:12.
Vengeance
Approved rendering: Tolhildana Xwedê ya Adil
Transliteration: tolhildana Xwedê ya adil
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘Tolhildan’ without qualifiers
Original: ἐκδίκησις
Category: Judgment
NEW. CRITICAL: ‘tolhildan’ is the specific term for Kurdish tribal (aşîret) blood-vengeance and honor-feud custom, a real and sometimes still-active social institution. The qualifiers ‘Xwedê’ and ‘adil’ must never be dropped, or God risks sounding like a party in a tribal vendetta cycle, or worse, the text being read as divine sanction for human vendetta-taking. Occurs 1:6,8.
Perseverance
Approved rendering: Domdarî
Transliteration: domdarî
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: Berxwedan
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
NEW. CRITICAL: ‘Berxwedan’ is the specific rallying term of Kurdish political and armed-resistance movements (‘Berxwedan Jiyan e’ — ‘Resistance is Life,’ associated with Kobanê and the broader Kurdish national/revolutionary struggle) and is explicitly rejected. Using it would recast Paul’s call to patient, non-retaliatory endurance that leaves vengeance to God alone (1:8) as endorsement of active political or armed resistance — the opposite of the text’s own logic. ‘Sebir’ (a widely used loanword with strong regional Islamic patient-endurance resonance) is acceptable only as a secondary devotional-register gloss, never as the primary rendering. Occurs 1:4; 3:5 (of Christ’s own steadfastness, the pattern for believers).
Traditions
Approved rendering: Kevneşopiyên Şandiyan
Transliteration: kevneşopiyên Şandiyan
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘kevneşopî’ without qualifier, any Sunnah/Hadîs-adjacent loan term
Original: παράδοσις
Category: Church
NEW. CRITICAL, doubled ground risk: (1) Islamic Sunnah/Hadîs, the transmitted, isnad-authenticated body of Muhammad’s sayings functioning as Islam’s second authoritative source; a bare rendering risks readers assuming a parallel hadith-like apparatus; (2) Kurdish tribal ‘adet û urf (customary law), a socially powerful parallel authority structure sometimes in tension with formal religious law. Must always be qualified explicitly as the apostles’ own gospel teaching about Christ, oral or written, never left as a bare, generic ‘tradition.’ Occurs 2:15; 3:6.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: Kerem
Transliteration: kerem
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Guard against the Sufi ‘keramet’ elite-favor association. Occurs in the letter’s opening and closing greetings (1:2; 3:18) and must be paired explicitly with ‘worthy of the kingdom’ (1:5) so that suffering-based reckoning is never read as merit apart from grace.
Faith
Approved rendering: Îman
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Must be anchored as personal trust in Christ. Reserved strictly for saving faith throughout this letter (1:3,4,11); the ironic negative ‘believing the lie’ at 2:11 deliberately uses a separate word, ‘bawerî,’ not ‘Îman,’ to protect this term’s doctrinal precision (see believing_the_lie entry).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: Adalet
Transliteration: adalet
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Rastî
Inherited from Romans package. Carries the necessary forensic-legal weight. In 2 Thessalonians this root additionally underlies ‘unrighteousness’ (2:10,12, negated form) and ‘God’s righteous judgment’ (1:5, Darazandina Adil a Xwedê, see new entry) and must be taught as relational to Christ/the gospel, not a mīzān-style weighed balance of deeds.
Called
Approved rendering: Bangkirî
Transliteration: bangkirî
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: καλέω (ἐκάλεσεν)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive. In 2 Thessalonians 2:14, ‘called through our gospel’ = effectual calling to salvation, restated directly after the judgment scene of 2:1-12; the interplay between human responsibility (2:10-12) and divine calling (2:14) must be preserved, not flattened.
Church
Approved rendering: Dêr / Civata Mesîhî
Transliteration: dêr / civata Mesîhî
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Civata Mesîhî’ for the gathered-people sense. The letter’s opening (1:1) identifies the Thessalonian assembly by union with the Father and the Lord Jesus, not ethnicity or locale; religious-freedom variation across the four host states remains relevant framing for any teaching on ‘church’ from this letter.
Saints
Approved rendering: Pîrozan
Transliteration: pîrozan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Must be taught as all ordinary believers, not the hereditary, shrine-venerated Sufi ‘pîr’ elite. Occurs at 1:10, ‘glorified in his saints,’ and 1:12 — Christ’s parousia glory displayed corporately, not privately.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: Teqdîs
Transliteration: teqdîs
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: Pakkirin
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Keeps the specific theological sense of the Spirit’s moral transformation, distinct from ritual cleanliness. Occurs at 2:13 as instrumental to salvation itself (‘sanctification of the Spirit’).
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: Guhdarîkirina Baweriyê
Transliteration: guhdarîkirina baweriyê
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Original: ὑπακούω τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Must be taught as faith’s fruit, never its ground. In 2 Thessalonians 1:8, the negative framing (‘those who do not obey the gospel’) faces divine vengeance and judgment, making it especially important that gospel-obedience is never read as a separate meritorious act earning exemption from judgment.
Election
Approved rendering: Hilbijartin
Transliteration: hilbijartin
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή (εἵλατο)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Risk that God’s sovereign choosing is heard as a vote or democratic process. In 2 Thessalonians 2:13, ‘God chose you … for salvation,’ the term sits immediately beside human-responsibility language (2:10-12, rejecting the truth), doubling the need to preserve the interplay rather than collapsing it toward either pure determinism or pure human choice.
The One Opposing
Approved rendering: Dijber
Transliteration: dijber
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
NEW. Must retain cosmic, God-opposing scope, not a mere political rival. Occurs 2:4.
Exalting Himself
Approved rendering: Xwe Bilind Dike li ser
Transliteration: xwe bilind dike li ser
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
NEW. Self-deification, the defining act of this figure; connects by contrast to the baseline Critical Deity-of-Christ doctrine, since this figure falsely claims what Christ alone rightly possesses. Occurs 2:4.
Temple Of God
Approved rendering: Perestgeha Xwedê
Transliteration: Perestgeha Xwedê
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ναὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Regional shrine culture (Yazidi Lalish, Sufi pîr shrines) lends concreteness but must not reduce the claim to mere shrine-desecration; the point is the deity-claim itself at the most sacred possible site. The interpretive question (literal future temple vs. the church) is flagged for theologian review, not resolved in translation. Occurs 2:4.
Mystery Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: Sira Bêqanûniyê
Transliteration: Sira Bêqanûniyê
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: τὸ μυστήριον τῆς ἀνομίας
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ‘Sir’ (secret/hidden truth) carries strong positive resonance in Kurdish Sufi spirituality (the bātin/hidden-meaning tradition). The qualifier ‘bêqanûniyê’ must never be dropped, so this evil, active force is never confused with legitimate spiritual mystery. Occurs 2:7.
The Restrainer
Approved rendering: Ya ku Asteng Dike / Ê ku Asteng Dike
Transliteration: ya ku asteng dike / ê ku asteng dike
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: τὸ κατέχον / ὁ κατέχων
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Kurdish grammatical gender marking must preserve, not erase, Paul’s deliberate neuter-to-masculine shift between v.6 (impersonal restraining force) and v.7 (personal restraining agent). The referent’s historic identity (Roman order, an angelic power, God’s providence) is genuinely disputed and must not be resolved by the translation. Occurs 2:6-7.
Signs And Wonders Of Falsehood
Approved rendering: Nîşan û Kerametên Derewîn
Transliteration: nîşan û kerametên derewîn
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἐν πάσῃ δυνάμει καὶ σημείοις καὶ τέρασιν ψεύδους
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ‘Keramet’ is the Sufi technical term for saintly miracles (already High/Critical risk per the baseline ‘grace’ entry). The qualifier ‘derewîn’ (false/lying) must never be dropped, or the phrase risks reading as blanket condemnation of Sufi miracle traditions rather than the text’s specific claim about the lawless one’s counterfeit works. Occurs 2:9.
Those Who Are Perishing
Approved rendering: Yên ku Wenda Dibin
Transliteration: yên ku wenda dibin
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
NEW. Connects directly to ‘eternal destruction’ (1:9); those who reject truth are already on a trajectory toward destruction, contrasted with believers who are being saved. Occurs 2:10.
Strong Delusion
Approved rendering: Bandora Çewtiyê
Transliteration: bandora çewtiyê
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἐνέργεια πλάνης
Category: Judgment
NEW. God’s judicial hardening of truth-rejecters; shares the ‘energeia’ word-family with 2:7 and 2:9 (Satan’s ‘working’), a deliberate lexical echo implying God’s judicial action co-opts the deceptive dynamic the lawless one unleashes. Must not be taught as God authoring the original unbelief, but as righteous, responsive judgment, parallel to Romans’ ‘God gave them over’ pattern (baseline Universal Human Accountability, High). Occurs 2:11.
Believing The Lie
Approved rendering: Bawer kirina bi Derewan
Transliteration: bawer kirina bi derewan
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: Îman kirina bi derewan
Original: πιστεῦσαι τῷ ψεύδει
Category: Faith
NEW. Deliberately uses ‘bawerî’ rather than ‘Îman’ to keep this ironic false-belief usage distinct in register from the baseline’s reserved term for saving faith in Christ, while making the parallel construction clear in context. Occurs 2:11, contrasted with ‘belief in the truth’ at 2:13.
Eternal Destruction
Approved rendering: Helakiya Herheyî
Transliteration: helakiya herheyî
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ὄλεθρον αἰώνιον
Category: Judgment
NEW. Overlaps with the Islamic Cehennem doctrine’s graduated/temporary-punishment framework for sinning believers; must clearly convey unending duration for this specific class (rejecters of God and the gospel) without importing that tiered, purgation-based apparatus. Defined relationally in 1:9 as exclusion from the Lord’s presence, not merely as suffering.
Worthy Of The Kingdom
Approved rendering: Hêjayî Padîşahiya Xwedê
Transliteration: hêjayî Padîşahiya Xwedê
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: καταξιωθῆναι τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
NEW. Built on the baseline Critical ‘Padîşahiya Xwedê.’ ‘Worthy’ language, if mistranslated to suggest merit accumulated through suffering, could contradict the baseline’s Critical grace/imputed-righteousness safeguards (‘earned righteousness’ is explicitly forbidden); must be paired explicitly with Kerem (grace). Occurs 1:5.
Persecutions And Afflictions
Approved rendering: Çewsandin û Tengasî
Transliteration: çewsandin û tengasî
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: διωγμοί καὶ θλίψεις
Category: Perseverance
NEW. Kurdish communal history includes extensively documented, living-memory persecution (the Anfal campaign, the Halabja chemical attack, decades of political and cultural suppression). This lends deep positive resonance as a reception asset, but the text’s specific referent — suffering FOR THE GOSPEL — must be kept sharply distinct from the broader ethnic-national suffering narrative, which has a different cause and remedy. Occurs 1:4,6-7.
Command Apostolic
Approved rendering: Emir
Transliteration: emir
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: Ferman
Original: παραγγέλλω
Category: Church
NEW. ‘Ferman’ specifically denotes the historic genocidal edicts issued against the Yazidi community (traditionally enumerated as ‘72 Fermans’) in Kurdish/Yazidi collective memory. Using this loaded word for routine apostolic pastoral instruction would be jarringly, even offensively, inappropriate; ‘Emir’ is mandated instead. Occurs 3:4,6,10,12.
Medium Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Mizgînî
Transliteration: Mizgînî
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Qualify as the specific NT proclamation where the Islamic Încîl/tahrif association is likely. Occurs at 1:8 (obeyed or disobeyed) and 2:14 (means of effectual calling).
Apostle
Approved rendering: Şandî
Transliteration: şandî
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: Resûl
Inherited from Romans package. Avoids collision with Muhammad’s Rasul Allah title. Serves as the root of the new coined compound ‘Kevneşopiyên Şandiyan’ (traditions of the apostles, see traditions entry), which anchors the letter’s authority theme (2:15; 3:6) to the apostles specifically, not a generic transmission apparatus.
Calling
Approved rendering: Vexwendin
Transliteration: vexwendin
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package. The direction of address (God calling a person) must be explicit. Complements ‘Bangkirî’ at 2:14.
Holy
Approved rendering: Pîroz
Transliteration: pîroz
Doctrine: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Standard native Kurdish word for holy/sacred; also used of Yazidi sacred sites (Lalish), a generic shared-vocabulary overlap. Root for ‘Perestgeha Xwedê’ (temple of God, see new entry).
Peace
Approved rendering: Aştî
Transliteration: aştî
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Resonant with real, hard-won regional peace processes. Occurs at 1:2 (greeting) and climactically at 3:16, ‘the Lord of peace himself give you peace’ (see the_lord_of_peace entry); the resonance is an asset once explicitly anchored to Christ as the unique personal source, not a negotiated political ceasefire.
Glory
Approved rendering: Rûmet
Transliteration: rûmet
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Anchor to Christ’s specific, historical glory rather than generalized mystical splendor drawn from classical Kurdish Sufi poetry. Occurs at 1:9,12; 2:14; 3:1.
Providence
Approved rendering: Rêveberiya Xwedê
Transliteration: rêveberiya Xwedê
Doctrine: Providence
Original: καιρός (implied, 2:6)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Keep distinct from folk qadar fatalism. Underlies 2:6’s ‘appointed time’ (kairos) governing the lawless one’s unveiling — God’s own sovereign timetable, not impersonal fate.
Gathering Together
Approved rendering: Komkirina Me li Cem Wî
Transliteration: komkirina me li cem wî
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
NEW. The believers’ corporate gathering to Christ at his parousia (2:1); no major collision risk, but must not be read as merely a future church meeting rather than the climactic eschatological reunion.
Object Of Worship
Approved rendering: Tiştê ku Tê Perizîn
Transliteration: tiştê ku tê perizîn
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
NEW. ‘Every so-called god or object of worship’ (2:4); overlaps with regional shrine-veneration and Sufi pîr-veneration culture, functioning here as the very thing this figure illegitimately usurps.
Breath Of His Mouth
Approved rendering: Hilma Devê Wî
Transliteration: hilma devê wî
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
NEW. Echoes Isaiah 11:4 (the messianic king’s word as an instrument of judgment); should be preserved literally, not paraphrased into ‘by his power’ alone, since it deliberately alludes to messianic prophecy. Occurs 2:8.
Love Of The Truth
Approved rendering: Hezkirina Rastiyê
Transliteration: hezkirina rastiyê
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
NEW. The tragedy of 2:10 is volitional, not merely intellectual — refusing to love/welcome truth, not deception against one’s will. Occurs 2:10.
Truth
Approved rendering: Rastî
Transliteration: rastî
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Faith
NEW. Renders aletheia, a distinct Greek term from dikaiosynē (righteousness); this usage does not reopen or conflict with the baseline’s rejection of ‘Rastî’ as a rendering for righteousness. Occurs 2:10,12,13 in deliberate positive/negative contrast with ‘believing the lie.‘
Rescue Everyday
Approved rendering: Xilaskirin
Transliteration: xilaskirin
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: Rizgarî (reserved for the technical soteriological term)
Original: ῥύομαι
Category: Faith
NEW. Everyday rescue-from-danger sense (rhyomai), deliberately held distinct from the Critical baseline ‘Rizgarî’ (salvation), which must remain reserved strictly for the technical soteriological doctrine. Translators should not default to Rizgarî here merely because English uses ‘delivered.’ Occurs 3:2, Paul’s prayer request for protection from hostile opponents.
Idleness Disorderly Conduct
Approved rendering: Bêrêzî
Transliteration: bêrêzî
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Rejected alternatives: Betal (laziness alone)
Original: ἀτάκτως / ἀτακτέω
Category: Church
NEW. The Greek ‘ataktōs’ is a military metaphor (a soldier out of formation), broader than mere laziness; should not be reduced purely to ‘betal,’ which loses the ‘out of step with received apostolic teaching/community order’ nuance. Kurdish honor/shame dynamics around idleness may sharpen reception if kept tied to the doctrinal point. Occurs 3:6,7,11.
Word Of The Lord
Approved rendering: Peyva Xudan
Transliteration: peyva Xudan
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: ὁ λόγος τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Church
NEW. Reuses baseline Xudan (Lord) and gospel-field vocabulary; the gospel message as authoritative divine speech, subject of Paul’s prayer request for its spread and honor (3:1).
The Lord Of Peace
Approved rendering: Xudanê Aştiyê
Transliteration: Xudanê Aştiyê
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
NEW. Reuses baseline Xudan and Aştî. ‘Aştî’ carries genuine positive resonance with real, hard-won regional peace processes; must be explicitly anchored to Christ himself as its unique, personal, ultimate source, not a negotiated political ceasefire. Occurs 3:16.
Glorified In Saints
Approved rendering: Rûmetkirina Mesîh di Pîrozan de
Transliteration: rûmetkirina Mesîh di Pîrozan de
Doctrine: Sainthood
NEW. Reuses baseline Rûmet (glory) and Pîrozan (saints). Christ’s parousia glory is displayed corporately in the redeemed community, not merely in a private event; reinforces ‘Pîrozan’ as all ordinary believers, not a hereditary Sufi ‘pîr’-style elite. Occurs 1:10,12.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: Spasî
Transliteration: spasî
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστέω / εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Standard term with broad positive overlap. Occurs at 1:3 and 2:13.
Exhort
Approved rendering: Handan kirin
Transliteration: handan kirin
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive between admonishing and encouraging. Occurs at 2:16-17, ‘comfort your hearts and establish them,’ and underlies 3:16’s benediction register.
Brothers
Approved rendering: Bira
Transliteration: bira
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἀδελφοί
Category: Church
NEW. Familial address for fellow believers, used throughout. The Kurdish tribal (aşîret) blood-kinship connotation of ‘bira’ requires the spiritual, not biological, sense to be clear from context, per the baseline adoption doctrine note.
Love
Approved rendering: Hezkirin
Transliteration: hezkirin
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
NEW. Named alongside faith as evidence of genuine conversion under persecution (1:3) and as the object toward which the Lord directs believers’ hearts (3:5); renders consistently with ‘hezkirina rastiyê’ (love of the truth, 2:10).
Referenced passages