Passage
Romans 15
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Doctrine
Christ-Centered Ministry
Ministry done in Christ's name and for his glory; carries severe real security considerations for those serving in Taliban-controlled or similarly restrictive areas.
ROM.15.17-21
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Doctrine
Christian Fellowship
Shared participation in Christ; native ملګرتیا avoids the shirk-root resonance that Arabic and Persian equivalents carry.
ROM.15.24
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Glossary Term
Church
CRITICAL: امت carries the loaded pan-Islamic community sense and must never substitute.
ROM.15.26
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Doctrine
Church as God's People
CRITICAL: new covenant community, essentially never a public building in much of the Pashto-speaking world given severe restrictions on Muslim-background Christian gathering; this doctrine must be taught with a dispersed, often secret community in view.
ROM.15.26
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Glossary Term
Covenant
A native Pashto word for a solemn pact, resonant with Pashtunwali's own serious customary treaty-making between feuding parties.
ROM.15.12
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Glossary Term
David
Shared, positively-regarded Quranic prophet-king figure; supply the covenant-king typology pointing to Messiah explicitly.
ROM.15.12
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Doctrine
Davidic Covenant
Dawud is a shared, positively-regarded Quranic prophet-king, but without the covenant-king typology pointing forward to a promised messianic heir; this background must be taught, not assumed.
ROM.15.12
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Doctrine
Evangelism
CRITICAL: proclaiming the gospel to Muslim-background Pashtuns can carry severe legal and social consequences, up to and including capital punishment for apostasy under some interpretations enforced in Taliban-controlled areas; language of witness must be handled with full awareness of the danger to speaker and hearer alike.
ROM.15.20
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Glossary Term
Exhort
Context-sensitive: نصیحت کول (nasihat kawul, to admonish) for beseeching; هڅول (to encourage) for building up.
ROM.15.2
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Glossary Term
Fellowship
شراکت shares the same ش-ر-ک root as shirk (idolatrous partnership) found in Arabic and Persian; ملګرتیا is a native Pashto word (from 'malgeri,' companion) that avoids this resonance entirely.
ROM.15.24
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Doctrine
Fulfillment of Prophecy
Naskh (abrogation) doctrine treats later revelation as superseding earlier revelation; Romans' fulfillment argument needs deliberate framing against this default.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Gentiles
امتونه shares the loaded Ummah root; the descriptive غیر یهودیان ('non-Jews') avoids that association.
ROM.15.7-12
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Doctrine
Gospel
Must be taught as the NT record itself, not conceded as a corrupted successor to a lost original revelation, per the tahrif assumption shared across the Islamicate world.
ROM.15.19-20
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Glossary Term
Gospel
Shares the same tahrif (corruption) assumption found across the Islamicate world; must be taught as the NT record itself, not a lost predecessor text.
ROM.15.19-20
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Glossary Term
Holy
Shared vocabulary across the region; needs the relational, Spirit-wrought sense reinforced over ritual-observance holiness.
ROM.15.16
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Glossary Term
Holy Spirit
CRITICAL: identical Quranic phrase and identical mainstream tafsir identification with the angel Jibril (Gabriel) as in Arabic and Persian - the created-being-versus-divine-Person distinction must be made explicit at every occurrence.
ROM.15.16
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Doctrine
Inspiration of Scripture
Islamic wahy denotes verbatim divine dictation; biblical inspiration is God moving human authors to write in their own voice.
ROM.15.4
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Glossary Term
Intercession
A genuine positive resource: Pashtunwali's institutionalized mediation practice (nanawatai), where a respected mediator or the offending party's own ritual submission ends a blood feud and secures reconciliation, is a rich cultural bridge for Christ's unique mediating intercession (Romans 8:34; compare 1 Timothy 2:5).
ROM.15.30-32
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Glossary Term
Israel
Carries general pan-Islamic solidarity-based negative sentiment, though it is a less centrally charged first-order national issue in Afghanistan/Pakistan than in Iran or the Arab world given the absence of direct territorial proximity or conflict.
ROM.15.7-12
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Doctrine
Kingdom Mission
God's spiritual reign advancing through the gospel, distinct from competing claims to political-religious sovereignty in the region's recent history.
ROM.15.12, ROM.15.18-21
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Glossary Term
Kingdom Of God
Distinguish God's spiritual reign from competing claims to political-religious sovereignty in the region's recent history, including explicit 'Islamic Emirate' state framing.
ROM.15.12, ROM.15.18-21
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Glossary Term
Law
CRITICAL: unlike Arabic and Persian, Pashtun society lives under two parallel, sometimes competing normative systems - formal Islamic shari'a and customary Pashtunwali tribal law.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Messiah
CRITICAL: carries the same pre-loaded Quranic content as Arabic's al-Masih (honored prophet, not divine, not crucified).
ROM.15.8-12
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Doctrine
Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: Masih carries the same pre-loaded Quranic content as in Arabic - honored prophet, not divine, not crucified, not risen.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Mission
Open evangelism carries severe, potentially life-threatening legal and social risk for converts from Islam in much of the Pashto-speaking world, especially Taliban-controlled Afghanistan - among the most acute safety contexts in this pipeline.
ROM.15.15-24
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Doctrine
Mission to the Nations
CRITICAL: open evangelism and mission activity carry severe, potentially life-threatening legal and social risk in much of the Pashto-speaking world, especially Taliban-controlled Afghanistan - among the most acute safety contexts in this entire pipeline.
ROM.15.15-24
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Doctrine
Mutual Edification
Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.
ROM.15.2
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Doctrine
Prayer and Intercession
Pashtunwali's nanawatai mediation custom is a rich positive bridge for Christ's intercession, but the analogy (which still requires the guilty party's own submission act) needs careful theological calibration, not treatment as an exact equivalent.
ROM.15.30-32
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Glossary Term
Prophecy
Low independent risk beyond the prophet entry's own note.
ROM.15.8-12
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Glossary Term
Prophet
Same finality-of-prophethood risk as Arabic's nabi (Muhammad as khatam al-anbiya); must be paired with fuller Christological titles so 'prophet' is not read as Jesus's complete or final identity.
ROM.15.4
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Doctrine
Sanctification
The Spirit's ongoing work of making believers holy, not ritual purification.
ROM.15.16
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Glossary Term
Sanctification
پاکوالی (pakawali, plain 'cleanliness/purity') risks reading as ritual purification (wudu-style cleanliness) rather than the Spirit's ongoing moral transformation; تقدیس keeps the specific theological sense.
ROM.15.16
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Glossary Term
Seed Of David
Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and OT covenant fulfillment.
ROM.15.12
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Doctrine
Separation unto God's Service
Must not be confused with Sufi withdrawal-from-the-world practices found in regional mystical tradition; biblical separation is devoted engagement with the world, not withdrawal from it.
ROM.15.16
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Doctrine
Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Requires pastoral framing given general pan-Islamic solidarity-based sentiment about Israel, though less centrally politically charged in Afghanistan/Pakistan than in Iran or the Arab world.
ROM.15.7-12