Adoption

CRITICAL: beyond the shared Quranic restriction on adoption (33:4-5), Pashtun identity and inheritance are organized around an unusually rigid patrilineal tribal genealogy (qawm/khel descent, traced to named common ancestors). A non-blood-descended person receiving full inheritance-equivalent status is an even sharper departure from social norms here than in more urban Arab or Persian contexts; Romans 8’s full inheritance must be taught explicitly against this default.