Passage

Romans 5

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Measured against both Islamic creedal iman and Pashtunwali's own honor-code loyalty (nang); faith here is personal trust in Christ, not loyalty to either system.

  ROM.5.1-2

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  Shares the shared Islamic six-pillars creedal structure, but Pashtun listeners also measure loyalty against Pashtunwali's own honor code (nang), a parallel authoritative system that predates and sometimes competes with formal Islamic practice.

  ROM.5.1-2

• Doctrine

  Grace

  Pashtunwali's hospitality code (melmastia) treats gifts as reciprocity-creating; grace must be taught as a one-directional gift creating no repayment obligation.

  ROM.5.2, ROM.5.15-17, ROM.5.20-21

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  Pashtunwali's hospitality code (melmastia) treats gift-giving as reciprocity-creating - a gift typically obligates the receiver to repay in honor.

  ROM.5.2, ROM.5.15-17, ROM.5.20-21

• Doctrine

  Humanity of Christ

  Real, physical human nature, not an illusion.

  ROM.5.15

• Glossary Term

  Peace

  An asset here rather than primarily a risk: 'sola' is the everyday word for war-ending peace negotiations and settlements (sola jirga), a live and urgent concept for populations that have lived through decades of conflict.

  ROM.5.1

• Doctrine

  Peace with God

  An asset: 'sola' resonates strongly with lived experience of war and peace negotiations; the specific connection to justification (an actual end to hostility with God) must still be made explicit.

  ROM.5.1