Core Glossary

Core Glossary: Ephesians (English → Greek)

Curriculum: Ephesians Destination language: Greek (Modern Greek / Ελληνικά) Status: Extends the baseline Romans/Galatians translation_memory.json. Baseline entries are marked [BASELINE — reuse exactly] and repeated here only for completeness of book-wide coverage; their recorded rendering and risk tier are not altered. New Ephesians-specific entries are marked [NEW] and are proposed for addition to translation memory pending Phase 2 theologian review, following the same risk methodology (patristic/liturgical accretion vs. secular bleaching) documented in the baseline.

Risk tiers follow the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions exactly: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence) / High (human theologian review) / Medium (native speaker review) / Low (automated review sufficient).

1. Salvation by Grace through Faith

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
grace	χάρη	chári	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Critical	Modern Greek secular senses: personal charm; legal pardon.
faith	πίστη	písti	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	High	Risk of generic self-belief/loyalty sense.
salvation / saved	σωτηρία / σεσωσμένοι	sotiría / sesosméni	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Critical	Theosis-framework accretion risk; preserve Eph. 2:8’s completed-perfect-tense assurance.
dead (in sin)	νεκρός	nekrós	[NEW]	Medium	Risk of softening total spiritual death into mere weakness/sickness.
trespasses / sins	παράπτωμα / αμαρτία	paráptoma / amartía	[NEW paráptoma] / [BASELINE amartía]	Low / Medium	παράπτωμα stable; αμαρτία per baseline (colloquial “what a shame” bleaching).
gift	δῶρο	dóro	[NEW]	Low	Rare asset case: ordinary secular “present” sense reinforces, not undermines, Paul’s point.
works (unqualified)	έργα	érga	[NEW]	High	Must be distinguished from baseline’s Mosaic-specific έργα του νόμου (Galatians); here the scope is all human works/merit whatsoever.
good works	έργα αγαθά / καλά έργα	érga agathá	[NEW]	High	Sequential doctrinal risk: must follow, never precede, salvation-by-grace in the argument.
workmanship	ποίημα	poíima	[NEW]	High	Modern Greek default meaning is “poem” (literary); risks softening “skilled handiwork built for a purpose” into a merely aesthetic-literary metaphor.
boast	καυχώμαι	kavcháomai	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Low	Stable; see baseline “boast_in_the_cross.”
mercy	έλεος	éleos	[NEW]	Low	Stable; strong liturgical asset (“Κύριε, ελέησον”).
by nature children of wrath	τέκνα φύσει οργής	tékna fýsei orgís	[NEW]	High	ὀργή risks reading as volatile human emotion rather than settled divine judicial verdict; φύσις carries philosophical “inherent nature” weight requiring precision.
the prince of the power of the air	ο άρχοντας της εξουσίας του αέρος	o árchontas tis exousías tou aéros	[NEW]	High	Risk of flattening into a political/systemic metaphor rather than naming a real personal spiritual enemy.
walk (lifestyle)	περιπατώ / περπατώ	peripató	[NEW]	Medium	Metaphorical “conduct of life” sense not automatic in Modern Greek; recurs as a structural motif across the whole book.

2. Election and Predestination in Christ

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
election / chose	εκλογή / εξελέξατο	eklogí / exeléxato	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	High	Risk of political-election/voting reading.
predestined	προορίζω / προορισμός	proorízo / proorismós	[NEW]	Critical	The single most severe secular-bleaching risk in Ephesians: dominant Modern Greek meaning is “travel destination” (tourism/transport). Structurally identical to baseline’s κλήση case; propose adding to the Critical Forbidden Substitutions list.
foreknew / purpose / will (of God)	πρόθεση / θέλημα / ευδοκία	próthesi / thélima / evdokía	[NEW]	Medium	Stable vocabulary; ευδοκία (“good pleasure”) requires a note that this is God’s free, gracious pleasure, not mere preference.
adoption (as sons)	υιοθεσία	yiothesía	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Medium	Standard legal-theological term.

3. The Church as the Body of Christ

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
body (of Christ)	σῶμα (Χριστού)	sóma (Christoú)	[NEW]	Critical	Collides with the liturgical “Σῶμα Χριστού” of the Eucharistic host; ecclesial and sacramental senses must be distinguished, not conflated or suppressed.
head	κεφαλή	kefalí	[NEW]	High	Risk of flattening the organic, life-giving headship image into a merely administrative hierarchy/CEO sense.
fullness	πλήρωμα	plíroma	[NEW]	High	Dominant Modern Greek secondary sense: “crew” (of a ship/aircraft); also historically a loaded Gnostic technical term (background awareness for theologian review).
to unite / sum up under one head	ανακεφαλαιώσασθαι	anakefalaíosasthai	[NEW]	High	Rare compound; requires an explanatory gloss beyond a bare transliteration.
church	εκκλησία	ekklisía	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Medium	Institutional/building-sense risk per baseline.
unity (of the Spirit)	ενότητα	enótita	[NEW]	Medium	Risk of assimilation to secular “national unity” political rhetoric.
one body, one Spirit, one hope, one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father	composite (see 07)	—	[Composite: BASELINE + NEW]	High	Creedal, liturgically cadenced unity confession; render with maximal internal consistency.
baptism	βάπτισμα	váptisma	[NEW]	Low	Zero-gap, stable NT/liturgical term.
building up / edification	οικοδομή	oikodomí	[NEW]	Medium	Dominant Modern Greek sense is literal construction/building industry.
equipping	καταρτισμός	katartismós	[NEW]	Medium	Modern default sense skews toward vocational/professional training rather than whole-body strengthening.
mature manhood	τέλειος ανήρ	téleios anír	[NEW]	Medium-High	Risk of individualized “sinless perfection” misreading rather than corporate maturity.
ministry gifts (apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, teachers)	απόστολοι, προφήτες, ευαγγελιστές, ποιμένες, διδάσκαλοι	—	[NEW / BASELINE for apostle, prophet]	Low-Medium	Risk of institutional-office flattening rather than Spirit-given functional gifting.

4. Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
Gentiles	έθνη	éthni	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Medium	Modern nationalist “έθνος” connotation per baseline.
circumcision / uncircumcision	περιτομή / ακροβυστία	peritomí / akrovystía	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Low	Stable per baseline.
covenants of promise	διαθήκες της επαγγελίας	diathíkes tis epangelías	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	High	Legal-will (διαθήκη) and profession (επαγγελία-root) drift, per baseline.
commonwealth (of Israel)	πολιτεία	politía	[NEW]	Medium	Risk of nation-state political reading, echoing baseline’s Ισραήλ caution.
strangers / alienated	ξένοι / αλλότριοι	xénoi / allótrioi	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Stable; live secular “foreigner/immigrant” sense can be a pedagogical asset if kept theological.
dividing wall of hostility	μεσότοιχον του φραγμού	mesótoichon tou fragmoú	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Vivid and historically groundable (Jerusalem Temple soreg); asset for a Greek reader.
one new man / new humanity	καινός άνθρωπος	kainós ánthropos	[NEW]	High	Must be distinguished from ch.4’s individually-focused νέος ἄνθρωπος (“new self”); corporate referent (Jew+Gentile), not personal regeneration.
reconcile / reconciliation	αποκαταλλάξω / καταλλαγή	apokatallázo / katallagí	[NEW]	Medium	Dual referent (vertical God-reconciliation and horizontal Jew-Gentile reconciliation) must both be retained.
access (to the Father)	προσαγωγή	prosagogí	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Stable formal term; connects to παρρησία theme.
fellow citizens	συμπολίτες	sympolítes	[NEW]	Medium	Civic-political resonance should remain subordinate to the covenantal point.
members of the household (of God)	οικείοι (του Θεού)	oikeíoi (tou Theoú)	[NEW]	Low	Warm, stable family-register term.
cornerstone	ακρογωνιαίος λίθος	akrogoniaíos líthos	[NEW]	Low	Asset — already a live positive Modern Greek idiom.
holy temple	ναός άγιος	naós ágios	[NEW]	Medium	Risk of reading as physical church building rather than the corporate body of believers.

5. The Mystery of Christ Revealed

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
mystery	μυστήριο	mystírio	[NEW]	Critical	Collides directly with “τα Ιερά Μυστήρια,” the standing Orthodox technical name for the Seven Sacraments; Paul’s “hidden-then-revealed” sense is nearly opposite in direction to an ongoing sacramental Mystery. Single highest-stakes new term in the book; mandatory explanatory note on every occurrence, especially 1:9, 3:3–9, 5:32, 6:19.
revelation	αποκάλυψη	apokálypsi	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Medium	Journalistic-exposé bleaching per baseline.
stewardship / plan (of the mystery)	οικονομία	oikonomía	[NEW]	High	Dominant secular sense “the economy” (financial/national); countervailing asset in Orthodox “θεία οικονομία” (divine economy), which is unusually well-aligned with Paul’s own sense here.
fellow heirs, members of the same body, partakers of the promise	συγκληρονόμοι, σύσσωμα, συμμέτοχοι	synklironómoi, sýssoma, symmétochoi	[NEW]	Medium	Transparent compounds; risk is losing Paul’s emphatic triple repetition in translation.
manifold wisdom (of God)	πολυποίκιλη σοφία	polypoíkili sofía	[NEW]	Low	Vivid, stable, asset.

6. Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
power at work / to be operative (ἐνεργέω/ἐνέργεια)	ενέργεια / ενεργώ	enérgeia / energó	[NEW]	Critical	Dual-direction risk unique in this curriculum: secular bleaching into “energy/electricity,” AND patristic accretion into the Palamite uncreated-divine-energies doctrine. Recurs at 1:11, 1:19, 2:2, 3:7, 3:20, 4:16 — every occurrence requires anchoring to Paul’s own contextual sense (operative power at work in a person).
heavenly places	επουράνια	epouránia	[NEW]	Medium-High	Not intuitive as a technical spatial-theological category distinct from “heaven” (ουρανός) or “paradise” (παράδεισος); needs a note at first occurrence (1:3).
whole armor of God	πανοπλία (του Θεού)	panoplía (tou Theoú)	[NEW]	Low-Medium	Vivid, stable ancient-military term; comprehension support only, not doctrinal risk.
schemes / wiles (of the devil)	μεθοδεία	methodeía	[NEW]	Medium	Shares a root with the neutral word “μέθοδος” (method), risking a bland “the devil’s techniques” reading instead of cunning deceit.
rulers, authorities, cosmic powers (world-rulers), spiritual forces of evil	αρχαί, εξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες, πνευματικά της πονηρίας	archaí, exousíai, kosmokrátores, pnevmatiká tis ponirías	[NEW]	Critical	κοσμοκράτωρ (NT-unique word) has a live modern secular usage for political strongmen/business magnates, risking a merely socio-political reading that displaces Paul’s claim about real personal spiritual enemies.
the devil	διάβολος	diávolos	[NEW]	Low	Stable, zero-gap.
struggle / wrestling	πάλη	páli	[NEW]	Low	Stable sports/combat metaphor, asset.
belt of truth, breastplate of righteousness, shoes of gospel-readiness, shield of faith, helmet of salvation, sword of the Spirit	ζώνη αλήθειας, θώρακας δικαιοσύνης, υπόδηση ετοιμασίας του ευαγγελίου της ειρήνης, θυρεός πίστεως, περικεφαλαία σωτηρίας, μάχαιρα του Πνεύματος	—	[Composite: NEW + BASELINE]	Low-Medium	Composite of baseline terms (δικαιοσύνη Critical, ευαγγέλιο High, ειρήνη Medium, πίστη High, σωτηρία Critical) plus the rare word θυρεός (archaic-register “shield,” distinct from ordinary ασπίδα) needing a brief comprehension gloss.

7. Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
submit / be subject to	υποτάσσομαι	ypotássomai	[NEW]	High	Modern Greek υποταγή carries strong connotations of coerced political/military subjugation (national occupation); Paul’s mutual-submission framing (5:21) before the wife-specific instruction (5:22-24) must not be lost. Human theologian AND native speaker review required together.
head	κεφαλή	kefalí	[NEW]	High	See section 3; recurs at maximum pastoral sensitivity in 5:23.
love (Christ’s self-giving pattern)	αγάπη	agápi	[NEW]	Medium	Modern Greek’s indiscriminately broad usage (romance, family, casual enthusiasm) risks flattening the specific, costly, self-giving sense required for 5:25-33.
savior	σωτήρ	sotír	[NEW]	High	Shares root with baseline σωτηρία (Critical); must retain full christological weight, not the generic secular “rescuer” sense.
washing (of water, with the word)	λουτρόν	loutrón	[NEW]	Low	Stable baptismal-liturgical asset (cf. Titus 3:5).
one flesh	μία σάρξ	mía sárka	[NEW]	Low	Directly quotable Septuagint (Genesis 2:24) wording — asset unique to Greek.
great mystery (of marriage/Christ and church)	μυστήριο μέγα	mystírio méga	[NEW]	Critical	Sits at the exact intersection of Paul’s revealed-secret sense and the fact that marriage (γάμος) is itself one of the Seven Sacraments/Mysteries of Orthodoxy; requires the most careful theologian-level handling in the book.
children obey / honor parents	υπακούω / τιμώ	ypakoúo / timó	[NEW]	Low	Directly quotable Septuagint (Exodus 20:12) wording — asset.
discipline and instruction of the Lord	παιδεία και νουθεσία Κυρίου	paideía kai nouthesía Kyríou	[NEW]	Medium	Shares root with baseline’s Galatians-flagged παιδαγωγός (Critical forbidden-inversion term); must not import that entry’s restrictive-custodial connotation, nor flatten into mere academic schooling.
bondservants/slaves	δούλοι	doúloi	[NEW]	High	Strongly loaded modern connotation (chattel slavery; live metaphorical use for degrading subjugation); requires careful pastoral-application framing alongside lexical accuracy.
masters	κύριοι	kýrioi	[NEW]	High	Identical word to the baseline’s Critical term Κύριος (capitalized, “the Lord”); requires strict, consistent capitalization/typographic convention throughout ch. 6 to prevent “obey your masters” blurring into “obey your Lords.”

8. Gifts for Building Up the Church

(See section 3 above for the primary entries: ministry gifts, equipping, building up, unity, fullness, body, head — all cross-listed here as this doctrine’s core vocabulary.)

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
grace-gift given	χάρισμα / δωρεά	chárisma / doreá	[BASELINE — reuse exactly]	Medium	Secular “natural talent” drift per baseline.
forgiving one another	χαρίζομαι	charízomai	[NEW]	Medium	Verb form of baseline χάρη; transparent grace-forgiveness link is a teaching asset but must not trivialize via χάρη’s secular senses.

9. Walking in Newness of Life

English term	Greek rendering	Transliteration	Status	Risk	Reason
walk (lifestyle/conduct)	περιπατώ	peripató	[NEW]	Medium	See section 1; recurs as the book’s structural motif (2:2, 2:10, 4:1, 4:17, 5:2, 5:8, 5:15).
old self	παλαιός άνθρωπος	palaiós ánthropos	[NEW]	High	Must be distinguished from 2:15’s corporate καινός ἄνθρωπος; here the referent is individual.
new self	νέος άνθρωπος	néos ánthropos	[NEW]	High	See above; pairs with παλαιός άνθρωπος.
children of light	τέκνα φωτός	tékna fotós	[NEW]	Low	Stable, asset (Orthodox hymnographic resonance).
fruit of the light	καρπός του φωτός	karpós tou fotós	[NEW]	Medium	Follows baseline’s established καρπός-singular convention (Galatians “fruit of the Spirit”).
be filled with the Spirit	πληρούσθε εν Πνεύματι	plirósthe en Pnévmati	[NEW]	Medium	Framing risk: distinguish Ephesians’ ongoing-imperative sense from either a one-time ecstatic-experience reading or a purely automatic sacramental-transfer reading.
psalms, hymns, spiritual songs	ψαλμοί, ύμνοι, ωδαί πνευματικαί	psalmoí, ýmnoi, odaí pnevmatikaí	[NEW]	Low	Stable, asset — living Orthodox liturgical vocabulary.
sealed (with the Spirit)	σφραγίζω / σφραγίδα	sfragízo / sfragída	[NEW]	High	Dominant Modern Greek sense: bureaucratic official stamp; must be anchored to the ancient owner’s-mark/authenticity sense.
guarantee / down payment (of the Spirit)	αρραβώνας	arravónas	[NEW]	High	Dominant Modern Greek sense: marital “engagement/betrothal” — a double-edged risk, potentially exploitable as a bridal-theology asset (cf. ch.5) but never usable unglossed.
ambassador (in chains)	πρεσβεύω / πρέσβης	presvévo / présvis	[NEW]	Low	Stable, vivid diplomatic asset.

Risk Summary (Ephesians-specific additions to baseline)

Tier	Count (new terms)	Examples
Critical	6	μυστήριον, ενέργεια/ἐνεργέω, σῶμα Χριστού, προορίζω/προορισμός, κοσμοκράτορες (composite with ἀρχαί/ἐξουσίαι), μυστήριο μέγα (5:32, counted with μυστήριον family)
High	15	κεφαλή, πλήρωμα, ἀνακεφαλαίωσις, καινός ἄνθρωπος, οἰκονομία, ἐπουράνια, ὑποτάσσομαι, σωτήρ, δοῦλοι, κύριοι (lowercase), παλαιός/νέος ἄνθρωπος, ἔργα (unqualified), ἔργα ἀγαθά, ποίημα, τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς, ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, σφραγίδα/σφραγίζω, ἀρραβώνας
Medium	~24	ἐνότητα, οἰκοδομή, καταρτισμός, τέλειος ἀνήρ, πολιτεία, ναός ἅγιος, καταλλαγή, ἀγάπη, πληρούσθε ἐν Πνεύματι, παιδεία, μεθοδεία, νεκρός, χαρίζομαι, καρπός τοῦ φωτός, and others as detailed above
Low	~20	δῶρον, ἔλεος, βάπτισμα, ἀκρογωνιαίος λίθος, μία σάρξ, τέκνα φωτός, ψαλμοί/ὕμνοι/ᾠδαί, πάλη, διάβολος, πρεσβεύω, λουτρόν, and others as detailed above

Note on review routing: Per baseline convention, all Critical and High risk terms above require human theologian review at every occurrence in Phase 2; Medium risk terms require native speaker review; Low risk terms may proceed with automated review. Terms flagged as [NEW] must be formally added to translation_memory.json (version increment) before Phase 2 segment translation of Ephesians begins, per the Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.

This glossary extends but does not alter any baseline Romans/Galatians entry. See 07_semantic_analysis.md for full verse-level and chapter-level discussion supporting every entry above.

Critical Risk Terms

Grace

Approved rendering: χάρη
Transliteration: chári
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: χάρη με την καθημερινή έννοια της γοητείας ή ομορφιάς, χάρη ως νομική/προεδρική χάρη (απονομή χάριτος)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

CRITICAL: converges with πίστη and σωτηρία at Ephesians 2:5,8, the letter’s theological center. Must not register as personal charm or legal pardon. Also used at 1:6-7 (‘riches of his grace’) and 4:7 (‘grace given to each’). Inherited from Romans package.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: δικαιοσύνη
Transliteration: dikaiosýni
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: δικαιοσύνη αποκλειστικά με τη σύγχρονη έννοια της νομικής ή κοινωνικής δικαιοσύνης

Appears in Ephesians as the ‘breastplate of righteousness’ (6:14). Must be actively distinguished from Modern Greek’s dominant civic/legal sense (the justice system). Inherited from Romans package.

Salvation

Approved rendering: σωτηρία
Transliteration: sotiría
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία / σεσωσμένοι
Category: Salvation

CRITICAL: the actual NT word, zero translation gap. In Ephesians 2:5,8 (‘χάριτί ἐστε σεσωσμένοι’) this appears in the periphrastic perfect passive — a completed act with continuing present result — which must be preserved against the Orthodox theosis framework’s ongoing, synergistic, uncompleted deification narrative, without flatly denying that framework either. Also the ‘helmet of salvation’ (6:17). Inherited from Romans package.

Calling

Approved rendering: κλήση
Transliteration: klísi
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: κλήση με την καθημερινή έννοια μιας τηλεφωνικής κλήσης ή δικαστικής κλήσης/κλήσης τροχαίας
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Election

CRITICAL: worn down by everyday Modern Greek usage into an ordinary phone call or legal/traffic summons. In Ephesians this is the opening word of the letter’s entire ethical section (4:1, ‘walk worthy of the calling’), and recurs in the unity confession (4:4) and the doxology (1:18, ‘the hope of his calling’). Requires deliberate reactivation at every occurrence, not a single footnote. Inherited from Romans package.

Holy

Approved rendering: άγιος
Transliteration: ágios
Doctrine: Sanctification

Identical word to ‘saints’ below. Applied to election’s purpose (‘holy and blameless,’ 1:4). Inherited from Romans package.

Saints

Approved rendering: άγιοι
Transliteration: ágioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: Άγιοι αποκλειστικά ως αγιοποιημένα, τιμώμενα πρόσωπα με ονομαστική εορτή

CRITICAL: identical word to canonized, name-day saints in Modern Greek. Ephesians’ most frequent corporate designation for believers (1:1, 1:4, 1:15, 1:18; 2:19; 3:8, 3:18; 4:12; 5:3; 6:18) — the single most repeated Critical term in this book. Mandatory clarifying note (applies to every believer, not exclusively canonized figures) required at every occurrence. Inherited from Romans package.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: ανάσταση
Transliteration: anástasi
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ

Underlies Ephesians 1:20 (God’s power at work in raising Christ) and 2:6 (believers raised with him, see ‘seated_and_raised_with_christ’). Must never register as reincarnation or a rebirth-cycle. A major cultural/liturgical asset (Πάσχα). Inherited from Romans package.

Lord

Approved rendering: Κύριος
Transliteration: Kýrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Κύριος με την καθημερινή έννοια της ευγενικής προσφώνησης ‘κύριε’ (αντίστοιχο του ‘Mr.’)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

CRITICAL: Christ’s title throughout Ephesians (1:2-3,15,17; 4:1,5; 5:20,22; 6:1,4,7-9,10,21,23-24). In chapter 6, capitalized Κύριος (the Lord, Christ) must be typographically and contextually distinguished from lowercase κύριοι (‘masters,’ 6:5, 6:9) — see the ‘masters’ entry below. Must never register with the flatness of the everyday honorific ‘Mister/Sir.’ Inherited from Romans package.

Son Of God

Approved rendering: Υιός του Θεού
Transliteration: Yiós tou Theoú
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Υιός του Θεού με τη γενική έννοια που αποδίδεται σε κάθε πιστό

Ephesians 4:13: ‘the knowledge of the Son of God,’ the goal of the church’s corporate maturity. Full phrase required; unique eternal Sonship, distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship (υιοθεσία, 1:5). Inherited from Romans package.

Messiah

Approved rendering: Μεσσίας
Transliteration: Messías
Doctrine: Messianic Promise

‘Χριστός’ (Anointed One) is Ephesians’ overwhelmingly dominant designation for Jesus, appearing scores of times (‘body of Christ,’ ‘mystery of Christ,’ ‘in Christ’); prefer Χριστός in nearly all Ephesians contexts, reserving Μεσσίας only where the Hebrew messianic-promise background is being specifically invoked. Inherited from Romans package.

Jesus

Approved rendering: Ιησούς
Transliteration: Iisoús
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ

Standard NT and liturgical form throughout Ephesians. Inherited from Romans package.

God

Approved rendering: Θεός
Transliteration: Theós
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God

Standard and unambiguous throughout Ephesians’ doxological material (1:3-14; 3:14-21). Inherited from Romans package.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: Άγιο Πνεύμα
Transliteration: Ágio Pnévma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God

By whom believers are sealed (1:13-14), given access to the Father (2:18, 2:22), strengthened (3:16), and filled (5:18). Must not be rendered as an impersonal force — a live risk given Ephesians’ own ἐνέργεια vocabulary; see ‘energeia_power_at_work.’ Inherited from Romans package.

Father

Approved rendering: Πατέρας
Transliteration: Patéras
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

God as personal Father, source of every family (1:2-3; 2:18; 3:14-15; 4:6; 5:20; 6:23). Inherited from Romans package.

Redeem

Approved rendering: λυτρώνω / απολύτρωση
Transliteration: exagorazō / apolýtrosi
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: εξαγοράζω με τη σύγχρονη έννοια της δωροδοκίας (‘εξαγόρασε τη σιωπή του’), εξαγοράζω ως εταιρική εξαγορά (corporate buyout)

Ephesians 1:7: ‘in him we have redemption (απολύτρωση) through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses.’ Anchor with λύτρωση/απολύτρωση vocabulary; never let it register as bribery or corporate buyout. Inherited from Romans package.

Guardian

Approved rendering: παιδαγωγός (με υποχρεωτική επεξήγηση)
Transliteration: paidagōgos
Doctrine: Covenant
Rejected alternatives: παιδαγωγός με τη σύγχρονη έννοια του τιμώμενου επαγγελματία εκπαιδευτικού, δάσκαλος (teacher) ως απόδοση

Not itself used in Ephesians, but retained here because Ephesians 6:4’s ‘παιδεία και νουθεσία Κυρίου’ shares this term’s root; translators must NOT import this entry’s restrictive-custodial connotation into Ephesians 6:4, nor flatten παιδεία into mere academic schooling — Paul intends holistic Christ-centered formation there, a different sense than the Galatians guardian metaphor. Inherited from Romans package.

Flesh

Approved rendering: σάρκα
Transliteration: sarx
Doctrine: Sin
Rejected alternatives: σάρκα αποκλειστικά με τη φιλοσοφική δυϊστική έννοια σώματος εναντίον ψυχής

Ephesians 2:3: ‘the desires of the flesh and of the mind (διανοιῶν)’ — Paul explicitly includes the mind, proving this is not body-versus-soul dualism. Explanatory notes are obligatory since the words themselves cannot disambiguate. Inherited from Romans package.

Predestined

Approved rendering: προορισμός
Transliteration: proorízo / proorismós
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: προορισμός με τη σύγχρονη κυρίαρχη τουριστική/ταξιδιωτική έννοια (‘travel destination’)
Original: προορίζω / προορισμός
Category: Election

CRITICAL FORBIDDEN SUBSTITUTION RISK: Ephesians 1:5, 1:11. The overwhelming Modern Greek meaning of προορισμός is ‘travel destination’ (τουριστικός προορισμός; airport departure boards). This secular-bleaching risk is more severe than the baseline κλήση case since there is no alternative Greek word available for this doctrine at all. Mandatory explanatory anchoring at every occurrence.

Body Of Christ

Approved rendering: σώμα (του Χριστού)
Transliteration: sóma (Christoú)
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα (Χριστοῦ)
Category: Church

CRITICAL: Ephesians 1:22-23; 4:12,16; 5:23,29-30 — the church as Christ’s corporate, organic body. Collides directly with ‘Σῶμα Χριστού,’ the standing liturgical name for the consecrated Eucharistic host. The ecclesial and sacramental senses are related but not identical and must not be silently conflated in either direction. Mandatory explanatory note at first occurrence (1:23).

Mystery

Approved rendering: μυστήριο
Transliteration: mystírio
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Rejected alternatives: μυστήριο αποκλειστικά ως ένα από τα Ιερά Μυστήρια (Μυστήρια της Εκκλησίας), μυστήριο με την καθημερινή έννοια του αστυνομικού μυθιστορήματος/άλυτου γρίφου
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Mystery

CRITICAL, single highest-stakes new term in this book: Ephesians 1:9; 3:3-9; 6:19. Collides directly with ‘τα Ιερά Μυστήρια,’ the standing Orthodox technical name for the Seven Sacraments. Paul’s μυστήριον is a revealed secret — previously hidden, now disclosed (3:5) — nearly the opposite semantic direction of an ongoing sacramental Mystery. Mandatory anchoring note at every occurrence; never silently absorbed into either the sacramental sense or the trivial secular ‘puzzle’ sense.

Great Mystery Of Marriage

Approved rendering: μυστήριο μέγα
Transliteration: mystírio méga
Doctrine: The Mystery of Marriage (Christ and the Church)
Original: μυστήριον μέγα
Category: Mystery

Ephesians 5:32. Sits at the exact intersection of Paul’s revealed-secret μυστήριον and marriage (γάμος) as itself one of the Seven Sacraments of Orthodoxy, enacted in the crowning rite (στεφάνωμα) which explicitly quotes this passage. The single most theologian-sensitive convergence point in the whole book; acknowledge, do not suppress or contradict, the Orthodox liturgical resonance.

Energeia Power At Work

Approved rendering: ενέργεια / ενεργώ
Transliteration: enérgeia / energó
Doctrine: Cosmic Spiritual Powers
Rejected alternatives: ενέργεια αποκλειστικά με τη σύγχρονη έννοια του ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος/ενεργειακής κρίσης, ενέργεια αποκλειστικά ως οι άκτιστες θείες ενέργειες της παλαμικής θεολογίας, χωρίς σύνδεση με το άμεσο συμφραζόμενο του Παύλου
Original: ἐνεργέω / ἐνέργεια
Category: Spiritual Warfare

CRITICAL, dual-axis: Ephesians 1:19-20; 2:2; 3:7,20; 4:16. Simultaneously the ordinary secular word for electricity/utility power AND the technical Palamite term for the uncreated divine energies central to Greek Orthodox mystical theology. Every occurrence requires deliberate anchoring to Paul’s own contextual sense (operative power at work in a person, divine or demonic) without collapsing into either direction.

Cosmic Spiritual Powers

Approved rendering: αρχαί, εξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες, πνευματικά της πονηρίας
Transliteration: archaí, exousíai, kosmokrátores, pnevmatiká tis ponirías
Doctrine: Cosmic Spiritual Powers
Rejected alternatives: κοσμοκράτορες αποκλειστικά με τη σύγχρονη δημοσιογραφική έννοια των ισχυρών πολιτικών/επιχειρηματικών παραγόντων
Original: ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας
Category: Spiritual Warfare

CRITICAL: Ephesians 1:21; 2:2; 3:10; 6:12. κοσμοκράτωρ, occurring only here in the NT, has a live secular usage for political strongmen or business magnates (‘κοσμοκράτορας’ in journalistic register). Risks Paul’s cosmic, personal-spiritual-enemy language being read as a merely socio-political or economic critique of human power structures rather than a claim about real, personal, malevolent spiritual beings.

Submit To One Another

Approved rendering: υποτάσσομαι
Transliteration: ypotássomai
Doctrine: Household Codes: Marriage and Mutual Submission
Rejected alternatives: υποτάσσομαι αποκλειστικά με την έννοια της καταναγκαστικής πολιτικής/στρατιωτικής υποταγής (π.χ. εποχή κατοχής)
Original: ὑποτάσσομαι
Category: Household

CRITICAL: Ephesians 5:21 (mutual submission among believers), applied specifically to wives 5:22-24. Modern Greek υποταγή carries substantial historical-political weight (national occupation-era subjugation) and often connotes coerced, unequal subordination. Paul’s mutuality-first framing (5:21) preceding the wife-specific application (5:22-24) must never be lost. Requires joint human theologian AND native speaker review.

High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: ευαγγέλιο
Transliteration: evangélio
Doctrine: Gospel

Identical to the NT’s own εὐαγγέλιον. Used in Ephesians for the general proclamation (1:13; 3:6) and as one of the armor pieces (‘shoes of the readiness of the gospel of peace,’ 6:15). Must be distinguished from the modern secular sense of ‘good news’ used for any positive announcement. Inherited from Romans package.

Faith

Approved rendering: πίστη
Transliteration: písti
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: πίστη με τη γενική έννοια της αφοσίωσης σε οποιαδήποτε ιδέα ή πρόσωπο
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Personal trust in Christ, the instrument by which grace is received (2:8), part of the sevenfold unity confession (4:5), and named as one of the armor pieces (‘shield of faith,’ 6:16). Must not register as generic self-belief or loyalty. Inherited from Romans package.

Called

Approved rendering: κλητός
Transliteration: klitós
Doctrine: Divine Calling

The verbal/adjectival form underlying 4:1’s ‘the calling to which you have been called’ (ἐκλήθητε). See ‘calling’ for the specific Modern Greek bleaching risk. Inherited from Romans package.

Sanctification

Approved rendering: αγιασμός
Transliteration: agiasmós
Doctrine: Sanctification

Underlying noun for Ephesians 5:26-27’s sanctifying/cleansing of the church (verb form ἁγιάζω — see ‘sanctification_and_holy_living’ below for the Ephesians-specific verb entry). Also the specific liturgical rite of the Great Blessing of Water; ensure Ephesians’ moral-transformation sense is not narrowed to this ritual. Inherited from Romans package.

Law

Approved rendering: νόμος
Transliteration: nómos
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: νόμος (τῶν ἐντολῶν)
Category: Covenant

Ephesians 2:15: ‘the law of commandments and regulations,’ abolished as the dividing wall between Jew and Gentile. Keep the referent the Mosaic Law specifically; keep Paul’s point scoped to the law’s wall-like, dividing function, not a wholesale rejection of law as such. Inherited from Romans package.

Covenant

Approved rendering: διαθήκη
Transliteration: diathíki
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: διαθήκη με τη σύγχρονη κυρίαρχη έννοια της κληρονομικής διαθήκης (legal will)

Ephesians 2:12: Gentiles formerly ‘strangers to the covenants of promise’ (see ‘covenants_of_promise’ below for the composite Ephesians entry). Guard against the dominant Modern Greek ‘last will and testament’ sense. Inherited from Romans package.

Election

Approved rendering: εκλογή
Transliteration: eklogí
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: εκλογή με τη σύγχρονη κυρίαρχη πολιτική έννοια (πολιτικές εκλογές, ψηφοφορία)
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐξελέξατο
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:4: ‘he chose (ἐξελέξατο) us in him before the foundation of the world.’ Must not register as a political election/vote. Placed at the letter’s doxological opening, raising the stakes of a first-impression misread. Inherited from Romans package.

Intercession

Approved rendering: μεσιτεία
Transliteration: mesiteía
Doctrine: Prayer and Spiritual Vigilance
Rejected alternatives: μεσιτεία αποκλειστικά των αγίων και της Παναγίας ως απαραίτητων μεσαζόντων

Underlies Ephesians 6:18-20’s call to ‘pray at all times… also for me,’ Paul’s request for intercession as an imprisoned ambassador. Must not default to saintly or Marian mediation as the necessary model for requesting prayer. Inherited from Romans package.

Works Of The Law

Approved rendering: έργα του νόμου
Transliteration: erga nomou
Doctrine: Covenant
Rejected alternatives: έργα νόμου γενικευμένα ως οποιαδήποτε καλά έργα, αποσυνδεδεμένα από τον Μωσαϊκό Νόμο

FALSE FRIEND WARNING for Ephesians 2:9: this Galatians-specific term (Torah-observance) must NOT be pattern-matched onto Ephesians 2:9’s unqualified ‘ἔργα,’ which excludes all human works/merit whatsoever, religious or otherwise — a broader claim than this term covers. Retained here specifically to mark the contrast; see ‘works_unqualified’ below for the correct Ephesians 2:9 entry. Inherited from Romans package.

Promise

Approved rendering: υπόσχεση (επαγγελία)
Transliteration: epangelia
Doctrine: Covenant
Rejected alternatives: επαγγελία συγχεόμενη με το σύγχρονο ‘επάγγελμα’ (profession)

Ephesians 2:12 (‘covenants of promise’) and 3:6 (‘partakers of the promise’). The Koine word is near-extinct in everyday Modern Greek, where the root survives as επάγγελμα (profession) — a live mis-derivation risk. Anchor with υπόσχεση; retain επαγγελία in formal register. Inherited from Romans package.

Works Unqualified

Approved rendering: έργα
Transliteration: érga
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: έργα εννοούμενα αποκλειστικά ως έργα του Μωσαϊκού νόμου
Original: ἔργα
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:9: ‘not because of works, so that no one may boast.’ The chief risk is pattern-matching to ‘works_of_the_law’ (Torah-observance specifically) and wrongly narrowing Paul’s claim, which excludes ALL human effort or merit whatsoever, religious or otherwise. Flag for human theologian review precisely because the correct baseline term is a false friend at this verse.

Good Works

Approved rendering: έργα αγαθά
Transliteration: erga agatha
Doctrine: New Creation and God’s Workmanship
Original: ἔργα ἀγαθά
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:10: good works as the fruit and purpose of salvation, never its ground or cause. The doctrinal risk is structural: v.9’s ἔργα (excluded as ground) and v.10’s ἔργα ἀγαθά (included as fruit) must be kept in strict causal sequence, or the passage collapses into legalism or antinomianism.

Workmanship

Approved rendering: ποίημα
Transliteration: poíima
Doctrine: New Creation and God’s Workmanship
Rejected alternatives: ποίημα αποκλειστικά με τη σύγχρονη λογοτεχνική έννοια του ‘ποιήματος’
Original: ποίημα
Category: Salvation

FORBIDDEN unglossed use: the dominant Modern Greek meaning of ποίημα is ‘poem’ (literary composition). Must always carry a gloss (‘skilled handiwork, built for a purpose’) connecting it to the following purpose clause (‘…for good works, which God prepared beforehand’), Ephesians 2:10.

Children Of Wrath

Approved rendering: τέκνα φύσει οργής
Transliteration: tékna fýsei orgís
Doctrine: Total Spiritual Depravity
Original: τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς
Category: Sin

Ephesians 2:3: humanity’s inherent, native condition under God’s righteous judicial anger prior to grace. ὀργή risks reading as volatile human emotion (the ordinary Modern Greek sense) rather than a settled divine judicial verdict; φύσις carries philosophically loaded ‘inherent nature’ weight requiring precision that this is native, not merely acquired, sinfulness.

Prince Of The Power Of The Air

Approved rendering: ο άρχοντας της εξουσίας του αέρος
Transliteration: o árchontas tis exousías tou aéros
Doctrine: Cosmic Spiritual Powers
Original: ὁ ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος
Category: Sin

Ephesians 2:2: Satan’s title as personal ruler governing the fallen present world-order. Must not be flattened into a merely political or metaphorical ‘system of oppression’ — Ephesians’ first naming of a real, personal spiritual enemy.

Head

Approved rendering: κεφαλή
Transliteration: kefalí
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church

Ephesians 1:22; 4:15; 5:23. Must retain the organic, life-giving, body-uniting image (developed at 4:15-16 and 5:29-30); risk of flattening into a merely administrative hierarchy/CEO sense. Recurs at maximum pastoral sensitivity in the marriage application of 5:23.

Fullness

Approved rendering: πλήρωμα
Transliteration: plíroma
Doctrine: The Fullness of Christ in the Church
Rejected alternatives: πλήρωμα με τη σύγχρονη ναυτική/αεροπορική έννοια του ‘πληρώματος’ (crew)
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Church

Ephesians 1:23; 3:19; 4:13. Dominant Modern Greek secondary sense is ‘crew’ (of a ship or aircraft) — unglossed, risks a bizarre ‘crew of Christ’ misreading. Historically a loaded Gnostic technical term (‘Pleroma’); background awareness for theologian review, not itself a live modern-reader risk.

Unite Under One Head

Approved rendering: ανακεφαλαίωση
Transliteration: anakefalaíosi
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀνακεφαλαιώσασθαι
Category: Church

Ephesians 1:10: God’s plan to unite/sum up all things under Christ as head. Rare, mildly opaque compound even to native readers; requires an explanatory gloss (‘to bring everything together under Christ as head’) rather than a bare transliteration. Genuine missing-vocabulary item — no natural single-word equivalent.

Sevenfold Unity Confession

Approved rendering: ένα σώμα, ένα Πνεύμα, μία ελπίδα, ένας Κύριος, μία πίστη, ένα βάπτισμα, ένας Θεός και Πατέρας
Transliteration: hen sōma, hen Pneuma, mia elpis, heis Kyrios, mia pistis, hen baptisma, heis Theos kai Patēr
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἓν σῶμα, ἓν Πνεῦμα, μία ἐλπίς, εἷς Κύριος, μία πίστις, ἓν βάπτισμα, εἷς Θεὸς καὶ Πατήρ
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:4-6. Composite of multiple Critical/High baseline terms plus βάπτισμα. Render with maximal internal consistency and rhythm intact, following the existing landscape’s own stable, uniform practice at this passage (see 05_translation_landscape.md) — do not vary vocabulary for stylistic elegance.

Covenants Of Promise

Approved rendering: διαθήκες της επαγγελίας
Transliteration: diathíkes tis epangelías
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: διαθῆκαι τῆς ἐπαγγελίας
Category: Covenant

Ephesians 2:12. Composite of two already-Critical/High baseline drifts (legal will; mis-derivation to ‘profession’) landing together in a single genitive phrase; both drifts must be fenced together, not separately.

One New Man

Approved rendering: καινός άνθρωπος
Transliteration: kainós ánthropos
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:15: the one unified corporate humanity out of Jew and Gentile together. MUST be kept lexically and conceptually distinct from 4:22-24’s individually-focused νέος/παλαιός ἄνθρωπος (see ‘old_self_new_self’ below) — same conceptual family, different referent. Confusing the two collapses two distinct doctrines into one.

Divine Economy Stewardship

Approved rendering: οικονομία
Transliteration: oikonomía
Doctrine: The Divine Economy and Stewardship of Grace
Rejected alternatives: οικονομία αποκλειστικά με τη σύγχρονη δημοσιογραφική/χρηματοοικονομική έννοια (‘η ελληνική οικονομία’)
Original: οἰκονομία (τῆς χάριτος)
Category: Mystery

Ephesians 3:2, 3:9. Dominant Modern Greek sense is ‘the [national/financial] economy.’ Countervailing asset: the Orthodox technical phrase ‘η θεία οικονομία’ (the divine economy/dispensation) is unusually well-aligned with Paul’s own sense here — exploit this alignment explicitly rather than only guarding against the financial-news reading.

Heavenly Places

Approved rendering: επουράνια
Transliteration: epouránia
Doctrine: Cosmic Spiritual Powers
Original: τὰ ἐπουράνια
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 1:3,20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12 — a five-fold repeated, Ephesians-distinctive theological category. Not intuitive as a technical spatial category distinct from ουρανός (‘heaven’) or παράδεισος (‘paradise’); requires an explanatory note at first occurrence (1:3) to be tracked correctly through the book.

Christ The Savior Of The Body

Approved rendering: σωτήρ
Transliteration: sotír
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: σωτήρας με τη σύγχρονη γενική έννοια του διασώστη (π.χ. ναυαγοσώστης, ή ‘σωτήρας’ αγώνα στη δημοσιογραφία)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Household

Ephesians 5:23. Shares its root with σωτηρία (Critical); as a divine title (parallel to Κύριος) must retain full christological weight, not the generic secular ‘rescuer’ sense.

Bondservants Slaves

Approved rendering: δούλοι
Transliteration: doúloi
Doctrine: Household Codes: Masters and Bondservants
Original: δοῦλοι
Category: Household

Ephesians 6:5-8. Strongly loaded modern connotation (chattel slavery; live metaphorical use for degrading subjugation, ‘δούλος των παθών’). Requires careful pastoral-application framing (historical distance; 6:9’s relativizing ‘same Master in heaven’) alongside lexical accuracy — never lexical evasion, never endorsement.

Masters

Approved rendering: κύριοι
Transliteration: kýrioi
Doctrine: Household Codes: Masters and Bondservants
Original: κύριοι
Category: Household

Ephesians 6:5,9 (lowercase). Identical word to the letter’s Critical capitalized term Κύριος (‘the Lord,’ reserved for Christ). Requires strict, consistent capitalization/typographic convention throughout ch. 6 to prevent ‘obey your masters’ blurring into ‘obey your Lords.‘

Seated And Raised With Christ

Approved rendering: συνεγείρω / συγκαθίζω
Transliteration: synegeíro / synkathízo
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: συνεγείρω/συγκαθίζω ερμηνευμένα ως μεταφορική ‘νέα αρχή’ αποκομμένη από τη συγκεκριμένη, ιστορική ανάσταση του Χριστού
Original: συνεγείρω / συγκαθίζω
Category: Christology

Ephesians 2:6. Same forbidden-substitution logic as the baseline’s ἀνάστασις entry — must never be read as reincarnation, a spiritual rebirth-cycle, or a purely metaphorical ‘fresh start,’ but as participatory union with Christ’s specific, historical, bodily resurrection and present heavenly session. Risk of under-realizing the ‘already’ (a present accomplished status).

Sanctification And Holy Living

Approved rendering: αγιάζω
Transliteration: agiázo
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 5:26-27: Christ’s ongoing work of cleansing and sanctifying the church. Related to the baseline αγιασμός noun (High risk); ‘αγιασμός’ is also the specific Epiphany water-blessing rite — ensure the verb here is not narrowed to this ritual association but retains Ephesians’ sense of Christ presenting the church spotless.

Old Self New Self

Approved rendering: παλαιός άνθρωπος / νέος άνθρωπος
Transliteration: palaiós ánthropos / néos ánthropos
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 4:22-24: the individual believer’s pre-conversion self vs. regenerate self. MUST be explicitly distinguished from 2:15’s corporate καινός ἄνθρωπος (see ‘one_new_man’ above); confusing the individual-moral-transformation referent here with the corporate-unity referent there collapses two distinct doctrines into one.

Sealed With The Spirit

Approved rendering: σφραγίδα / σφραγίζω
Transliteration: sfragízo / sfragída
Doctrine: Sealing and Guarantee of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: σφραγίδα με τη σύγχρονη γραφειοκρατική έννοια της επίσημης σφραγίδας εγγράφου
Original: σφραγίζω / σφραγίς
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 1:13; 4:30. Dominant Modern Greek sense is an ordinary bureaucratic official stamp; must be anchored to the ancient owner’s-mark-of-authenticity-and-security sense, not mundane paperwork.

Guarantee Of The Spirit

Approved rendering: αρραβώνας
Transliteration: arravónas
Doctrine: Sealing and Guarantee of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: αρραβώνας αποκλειστικά με τη σύγχρονη έννοια του αρραβώνα γάμου, χωρίς σύνδεση με το χρηματοοικονομικό προκαταβολικό νόημα του Παύλου
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 1:14. All contemporary usage means marital ‘engagement/betrothal.’ Double-edged: the betrothal sense is not entirely foreign given ch. 5’s bridal imagery and may be responsibly noted as a secondary asset, but must never be left unglossed, or Paul’s financial-guarantee/down-payment sense disappears entirely.

Medium Risk Terms

Adoption

Approved rendering: υιοθεσία
Transliteration: yiothesía
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:5: believers predestined ‘for adoption as sons.’ Standard legal-theological term; low risk. Inherited from Romans package.

Peace

Approved rendering: ειρήνη
Transliteration: eiríni
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ειρήνη με την ησυχαστική έννοια της εσωτερικής ή νοερής ησυχίας (μυστικιστική παράδοση)

Central to Ephesians 2:14-17: Christ himself ‘is our peace,’ who reconciles Jew and Gentile and both to God. Also ‘the gospel of peace’ (6:15) and the greeting formula (1:2; 6:23). Distinguish from the Hesychast contemplative sense of inner stillness. Inherited from Romans package.

Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: πνευματικά χαρίσματα
Transliteration: pnevmatiká charísmata
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Original: χαρίσματα / δωρεά
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:7: grace given to each ‘according to the measure of Christ’s gift.’ Must not be rendered as merit-earned powers or generic natural talent/charisma. Inherited from Romans package.

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: ευχαριστία
Transliteration: efcharistía
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Rejected alternatives: Θεία Ευχαριστία αποκλειστικά (η Ευχαριστία ως Μυστήριο)
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Ephesians 1:16 (Paul’s own thanksgiving); 5:4, 5:20 (as a mark of Spirit-filled community life). Must not be narrowed to the sacramental Eucharist. Inherited from Romans package.

Fellowship

Approved rendering: κοινωνία
Transliteration: koinonía
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: κοινωνία αποκλειστικά ως λήψη της Θείας Κοινωνίας (Ευχαριστίας), κοινωνία με τη σύγχρονη έννοια της κοινωνίας/κοινωνικού συνόλου

Not a frequent standalone term in Ephesians itself, but the underlying concept of shared participation informs ‘fellow heirs, members of the same body, partakers’ (3:6, συγκληρονόμοι/σύσσωμα/συμμέτοχοι — see that entry) and ‘fellowship of the mystery’ more broadly. Retained for cross-document consistency. Inherited from Romans package.

Church

Approved rendering: εκκλησία
Transliteration: ekklisía
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: Εκκλησία αποκλειστικά ως ο θεσμός/η ιεραρχική Ορθόδοξη Εκκλησία, ή αποκλειστικά το κτίριο
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Ephesians’ governing ecclesiological term (1:22-23; 3:10, 3:21; 5:23-32), given as Christ’s body and the vehicle of his fullness. Distinguish from the institutional national-Church sense or the physical-building sense. Inherited from Romans package.

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: βασιλεία του Θεού
Transliteration: vasileía tou Theoú
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Ephesians 5:5: its inheritance is withheld from the unrepentant. Distinguish from a political, territorial, or nationalist kingdom. Inherited from Romans package.

Sin

Approved rendering: αμαρτία
Transliteration: amartía
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: αμαρτία με την καθημερινή, εξασθενημένη έννοια του ‘κρίμα’

Ephesians 2:1: ‘dead in your trespasses (παραπτώματα) and sins (αμαρτίαις).’ Pairs with the new term παράπτωμα (see ‘trespasses_and_sins’ below). Must not be softened toward the colloquial ‘what a shame’ idiom. Inherited from Romans package.

Gentiles

Approved rendering: έθνη
Transliteration: éthni
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: εθνικοί με σύγχρονη εθνικιστική χροιά
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:11; 3:1, 3:6, 3:8: non-Jewish peoples formerly excluded, now fellow heirs in Christ. Keep the NT’s ethnic-religious sense distinct from modern nationalist ‘έθνος’ connotation. Inherited from Romans package.

Glory

Approved rendering: δόξα
Transliteration: dóxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: δόξα με τη σύγχρονη έννοια της φήμης ή επιτυχίας
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Structurally central to Ephesians’ opening doxology (1:6,12,14,17-18) and closing doxology (3:16,21). Must not register as worldly fame or acclaim. Inherited from Romans package.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: δύναμη Θεού
Transliteration: dýnami Theoú
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation

Ephesians 1:19-20 (resurrection power at work in believers) and 3:20, 6:10 (‘the strength of his might’). Closely tied to the ἐνεργέω/ἐνέργεια family — see ‘energeia_power_at_work’ for the Critical secular/patristic dual-axis risk specific to that verb form. Inherited from Romans package.

Providence

Approved rendering: πρόνοια
Transliteration: prónoia
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: πρόνοια με τη σύγχρονη έννοια της κοινωνικής πρόνοιας (social welfare)

Underlies Ephesians 1:11’s ‘according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will.’ Distinguish from the standard Modern Greek sense of state social-welfare provision. Inherited from Romans package.

Mission

Approved rendering: αποστολή
Transliteration: apostolí
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations

Underlies Ephesians 3:1-13’s account of Paul’s sending to preach the mystery to the Gentiles, and 6:19-20’s ambassador language. Also the ordinary Modern Greek word for any secular ‘mission.’ Inherited from Romans package.

Revelation

Approved rendering: αποκάλυψη
Transliteration: apokálypsi
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed

Ephesians 3:3: the mystery ‘made known to me by revelation.’ Modern αποκάλυψη is bleached to journalistic disclosure/exposé; restore the divine-unveiling register. Inherited from Romans package.

Fruit Of The Spirit

Approved rendering: ο καρπός του Πνεύματος
Transliteration: karpos tou Pneumatos
Doctrine: Sanctification

Not used verbatim in Ephesians (which instead has ‘fruit of the light,’ 5:9 — see ‘fruit_of_the_light’ below), but retained here to enforce consistency of the established singular-καρπός convention (one integrated character, not a checklist) across both terms. Inherited from Romans package.

Dead In Sin

Approved rendering: νεκρός
Transliteration: nekrós
Doctrine: Total Spiritual Depravity
Original: νεκρός (τοῖς παραπτώμασιν καὶ ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις)
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:1, 2:5: ‘dead in your trespasses and sins.’ Modern Greek νεκρός is vivid and stable (funerals, obituaries), but this vividness risks the word being softened into a metaphor for spiritual unwellness rather than Paul’s absolute claim of total inability, which the ‘made alive’ of 2:5 presupposes.

Walk Conduct

Approved rendering: περπατώ / περιπατώ
Transliteration: peripató
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Salvation

A fixed Pauline metaphor for one’s whole manner of life (2:2, 2:10, 4:1, 4:17, 5:2, 5:8, 5:15) — the book’s central structural motif. Modern Greek περπατώ’s ordinary sense is physical walking; the metaphorical ‘conduct of life’ sense is not the reader’s first association and must be actively reinforced at every recurrence, not only once.

Made Alive With Christ

Approved rendering: συζωοποιώ
Transliteration: synzōopoieō
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: συζωοποιέω
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:5: believers’ new life united with, not merely analogous to, Christ’s own resurrection life. The compound is transparent (ζωή is fully alive) but rare, carrying no pre-loaded associations; risk is under-translating its force as generic ‘gave new life’ rather than ‘co-resurrected with Christ.‘

Gods Purpose And Pleasure

Approved rendering: πρόθεση / θέλημα / ευδοκία
Transliteration: próthesi / thélima / evdokía
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: πρόθεσις / θέλημα / εὐδοκία
Category: Election

Ephesians 1:5, 1:9, 1:11: God’s free, gracious plan and pleasure underlying election. ευδοκία (‘good pleasure’) requires a note that this is God’s free, gracious pleasure, not mere preference or whim.

Unity Of The Spirit

Approved rendering: ενότητα
Transliteration: enótita
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἑνότης τοῦ Πνεύματος
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:3, 4:13. Modern Greek ενότητα carries a live secular-political association (‘εθνική ενότητα,’ national unity in crisis rhetoric); keep the cross-ethnic, Spirit-given referent explicit.

Building Up Edification

Approved rendering: οικοδομή
Transliteration: oikodomí
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: οἰκοδομή
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:12,16,29. Dominant Modern Greek sense is physical construction (building industry); the metaphorical ‘edification’ sense survives in formal/church register but is not automatic.

Equipping

Approved rendering: καταρτισμός
Transliteration: katartismós
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: καταρτισμός
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:12. Secondary technical sense (orthopedic bone-setting) is a positive resonance, but Modern Greek’s default is vocational/professional job-skills training (‘επαγγελματική κατάρτιση’), risking an overly technical reading rather than the whole-body-strengthening sense Paul intends.

Mature Manhood

Approved rendering: τέλειος ανήρ
Transliteration: téleios anír
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: τέλειος ἀνήρ
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:13. τέλειος carries philosophically loaded ‘perfect/complete’ weight, risking an individualized ‘sinless perfection’ misreading rather than the corporate body’s full-grown maturity Paul intends. No compact Greek idiom exists for this corporate sense; paraphrase-support gloss required.

Ministry Gifts

Approved rendering: απόστολοι, προφήτες, ευαγγελιστές, ποιμένες, διδάσκαλοι
Transliteration: apóstoloi, profítes, evangelistés, poiménes, didáskaloi
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: ἀπόστολοι, προφῆται, εὐαγγελισταί, ποιμένες, διδάσκαλοι
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:11. Risk of institutional-office flattening — reading these as modern church org-chart job titles rather than Spirit-given functional gifts. Note the Greek article pattern grouping ‘ποιμένας καὶ διδασκάλους’ under a single article, distinct from the separately-articled apostles/prophets/evangelists — a grammatical fact directly visible in the Koine text, worth exploiting pedagogically.

Holy Temple

Approved rendering: ναός άγιος
Transliteration: naós ágios
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ναὸς ἅγιος
Category: Church

Ephesians 2:21. Modern Greek ναός defaults to a physical church building (‘Ιερός Ναός’); Paul’s point — believers themselves, corporately, as the living temple — risks being read architecturally rather than corporately.

Commonwealth Of Israel

Approved rendering: πολιτεία
Transliteration: politía
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: πολιτεία (τοῦ Ἰσραήλ)
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:12: the covenant community of Israel, from which Gentiles were formerly excluded. πολιτεία is the ordinary Modern Greek word for ‘state/polity’; risks a nation-state political reading of ‘Israel,’ compounding the baseline’s own caution about Ισραήλ.

Dividing Wall Of Hostility

Approved rendering: μεσότοιχον του φραγμού
Transliteration: mesótoichon tou fragmoú
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:14. Architecturally transparent and vivid, plausibly alluding to the Jerusalem Temple soreg barrier described by Josephus — a text a Greek reader can access directly. Asset.

Reconciliation

Approved rendering: καταλλαγή
Transliteration: katallagí
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἀποκαταλλάξαι / καταλλαγή
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:16. Stable and transparent; risk is mild under-realization of its double reference — both God-to-humanity AND Jew-to-Gentile reconciliation must be retained together.

Fellow Citizens

Approved rendering: συμπολίτες
Transliteration: sympolítes
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συμπολῖται
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:19. Fully alive, ordinary civic vocabulary; its civic-political resonance should be kept subordinate to the covenantal-theological point.

Fellow Heirs Members Partakers

Approved rendering: συγκληρονόμοι / σύσσωμα / συμμέτοχοι
Transliteration: synklironómoi / sýssoma / symmétochoi
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: συγκληρονόμοι, σύσσωμα, συμμέτοχοι
Category: Mystery

Ephesians 3:6: Gentile believers’ full equal share stated with triple emphasis. All transparent compounds; the risk is losing the rhetorical force of Paul’s deliberate triple repetition if compressed or paraphrased.

Armor Of God

Approved rendering: πανοπλία (του Θεού)
Transliteration: panoplía (tou Theoú)
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: πανοπλία (τοῦ Θεοῦ)
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 6:11,13. Vivid, stable ancient-military term still transparent in Modern Greek; requires comprehension support, not doctrinal correction.

Schemes Of The Devil

Approved rendering: μεθοδεία
Transliteration: methodeía
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: μεθοδεία (τοῦ διαβόλου)
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 6:11. Shares a root with the neutral Modern Greek ‘μέθοδος’ (method), risking a bland ‘the devil’s methods/techniques’ reading instead of the classical sense of cunning, deceptive stratagem (close to ‘trickery’).

Armor Pieces Composite

Approved rendering: ζώνη αλήθειας, θώρακας δικαιοσύνης, υπόδηση ετοιμασίας του ευαγγελίου της ειρήνης, θυρεός πίστεως, περικεφαλαία σωτηρίας, μάχαιρα του Πνεύματος
Transliteration: zōnē alētheias, thōrax dikaiosynēs, hypodēsis tou euangeliou tēs eirēnēs, thyreos pisteōs, perikephalaia sōtērias, machaira tou Pneumatos
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ζώνη ἀληθείας, θώρακας δικαιοσύνης, ὑπόδησις τοῦ εὐαγγελίου τῆς εἰρήνης, θυρεὸς πίστεως, περικεφαλαία σωτηρίας, μάχαιρα τοῦ Πνεύματος / ῥῆμα Θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 6:14-17. Composite of baseline Critical/High terms (δικαιοσύνη, ευαγγέλιο, ειρήνη, πίστη, σωτηρία), reused exactly. θυρεός (the large Roman rectangular shield, distinct from ordinary ασπίδα) is archaic-register and needs a brief comprehension gloss, not doctrinal fencing. ῥήμα (spoken word) should be distinguished from λόγος in a note, since Paul specifically chooses the actively-spoken word for the sword metaphor.

Agape Love Pattern

Approved rendering: αγάπη
Transliteration: agápi
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Household

Ephesians 5:2,25,28-29 (Christ’s costly, self-giving love as the marriage pattern). Modern Greek αγάπη is used indiscriminately for romance, family affection, and casual enthusiasm (‘αγαπάω το ποδόσφαιρο’), risking a flattening of the specific, costly, self-giving sense required.

Discipline And Instruction Of The Lord

Approved rendering: παιδεία και νουθεσία Κυρίου
Transliteration: paideía kai nouthesía Kyríou
Doctrine: Household Codes: Parents and Children
Original: παιδεία καὶ νουθεσία Κυρίου
Category: Household

Ephesians 6:4. Shares its root with the baseline’s Galatians-flagged παιδαγωγός; do not import that entry’s restrictive-custodial connotation, nor flatten παιδεία into mere academic schooling — Paul intends holistic, Christ-centered moral-spiritual formation.

Fruit Of The Light

Approved rendering: καρπός του φωτός
Transliteration: karpós tou fotós
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 5:9. Follows the established Galatians convention (fruit of the Spirit, singular): keep καρπός singular — a unified, integrated character-fruit, not a checklist.

Filled With The Spirit

Approved rendering: πληρούσθε εν Πνεύματι
Transliteration: plirósthe en Pnévmati
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Spirit-Filled Worship
Original: πληροῦσθε ἐν Πνεύματι
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 5:18, contrasted with drunkenness. Shares the πλήρωμα root. Framing risk: in a culture where this language is more associated with Protestant/Pentecostal revivalism than Orthodox sacramental-liturgical spirituality, present it as Ephesians’ own ongoing exhortation (present imperative, continuous action) without implying either a one-time ecstatic experience or a purely automatic sacramental transfer.

Forgiving One Another

Approved rendering: χαρίζομαι
Transliteration: charízomai
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: χαρίζομαι
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 4:32. Verb form of baseline χάρη; Modern Greek χαρίζομαι/χαρίζω (‘to give as a gift’/‘to forgive a debt’) makes the grace-forgiveness connection unusually transparent — a positive teaching asset, provided the shared root with χάρη’s Critical secular senses is not allowed to trivialize it.

Inheritance

Approved rendering: κληρονομία
Transliteration: klironomía
Doctrine: Inheritance in Christ
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Covenant

Ephesians 1:11,14,18; 5:5. Fully alive in Modern Greek inheritance law; the only residual risk is under-realizing its eschatological, not merely legal-financial, force.

Parresia Boldness

Approved rendering: παρρησία
Transliteration: parrisía
Doctrine: Prayer and Spiritual Vigilance
Original: παρρησία
Category: Faith

Ephesians 3:12; 6:19-20. A richly positive, stable term in both Modern Greek and Orthodox liturgical usage (echoed in the Divine Liturgy’s ‘μετά παρρησίας’) — asset, track for cross-passage consistency.

Low Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: απόστολος
Transliteration: apóstolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Apostleship

Paul’s self-designation (1:1) and one of the five ministry gifts (4:11); foundation of the church together with the prophets (2:20; 3:5). Identical to the NT word, unambiguous. Inherited from Romans package.

Prophet

Approved rendering: προφήτης
Transliteration: profítis
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Apostleship

Named with the apostles as the church’s foundation (2:20; 3:5) and as one of the five ministry gifts (4:11). Same NT word; standard and unambiguous. Inherited from Romans package.

Prophecy

Approved rendering: προφητεία
Transliteration: profiteía
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy

Underlies the prophetic-foundation language of 2:20; 3:5. Same NT word; standard and unambiguous. Inherited from Romans package.

Israel

Approved rendering: Ισραήλ
Transliteration: Israíl
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:12: Gentiles formerly ‘alienated from the commonwealth of Israel’ (see ‘commonwealth_of_israel’ below). Must not be conflated with the modern nation-state. Inherited from Romans package.

Exhort

Approved rendering: προτρέπω
Transliteration: protrépo
Doctrine: Mutual Edification

Ephesians 4:1: ‘I therefore… urge/exhort you to walk worthy of the calling.’ Standard term. Inherited from Romans package.

Put On Christ

Approved rendering: ενδύθηκα τον Χριστό
Transliteration: endyomai Christon
Doctrine: Sanctification

Not used verbatim in Ephesians, but the same verb ἐνδύομαι recurs at Ephesians 4:24 (‘put on the new self’) and 6:11,14 (armor imagery); note this cross-reference so the object of the verb is not confused (Christ himself vs. the new self vs. armor pieces). Inherited from Romans package.

Circumcision

Approved rendering: περιτομή
Transliteration: peritomē
Doctrine: Covenant
Original: περιτομή
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:11: the Jewish covenant marker, formerly dividing Jew from Gentile, now abolished as a barrier in Christ. Technical and stable. Inherited from Romans package.

Boast In The Cross

Approved rendering: καυχώμαι στον σταυρό
Transliteration: kauchaomai
Doctrine: Salvation

Ephesians 2:9: ‘so that no one may boast.’ Same verb redirected positively in Galatians 6:14; here it is negated as a ground of salvation excluded by grace. Alive in church register. Inherited from Romans package.

Heir

Approved rendering: κληρονόμος
Transliteration: klēronomos
Doctrine: Covenant

Underlies Ephesians 1:11,14,18 (‘inheritance,’ κληρονομία — see that entry) and 3:6 (‘fellow heirs,’ συγκληρονόμοι). Fully alive in Modern Greek inheritance law. Inherited from Romans package.

Trespasses And Sins

Approved rendering: παράπτωμα / αμαρτία
Transliteration: paráptoma / amartía
Doctrine: Total Spiritual Depravity
Original: παραπτώματα καὶ ἁμαρτίαι
Category: Sin

Ephesians 2:1: sin described as both a specific misstep (παράπτωμα, a stumble/fall to the side) and a general category (ἁμαρτία), paired for rhetorical fullness. παράπτωμα is fully alive and stable in Modern Greek, no significant drift.

Gift

Approved rendering: δώρο
Transliteration: dóro
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: δῶρον
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:8: ‘this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God.’ Rare asset: the ordinary secular ‘birthday present’ sense actually reinforces, rather than undermines, Paul’s unearned-gift point. Note the grammatical ambiguity of the Greek demonstrative τοῦτο (neuter), which does not strictly agree with feminine πίστις — do not resolve this in a footnote as settled; the gift in view is the entire salvation transaction, not faith considered as an isolated human achievement.

Mercy

Approved rendering: έλεος
Transliteration: éleos
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation

Ephesians 2:4: ‘God, being rich in mercy.’ Stable, richly reinforced by ongoing Orthodox liturgical usage (‘Κύριε, ελέησον’) — an asset.

Baptism

Approved rendering: βάπτισμα
Transliteration: váptisma
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: βάπτισμα
Category: Church

Ephesians 4:5, within the unity confession. Zero-gap, stable term identical to the NT’s own word and ongoing Orthodox sacramental practice.

Cornerstone

Approved rendering: ακρογωνιαίος λίθος
Transliteration: akrogoniaíos líthos
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀκρογωνιαῖος λίθος
Category: Church

Ephesians 2:20: Christ as the foundation-defining stone. Asset — already a live, positive Modern Greek idiom for ‘the essential basis’ of anything.

Strangers And Aliens

Approved rendering: ξένοι / αλλότριοι
Transliteration: xénoi / allótrioi
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ξένοι / ἀλλότριοι
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:12, 2:19. Stable; the live secular sense of ξένος (a foreign national, an immigrant) is a genuine pedagogical asset for teaching on inclusion, if kept theological rather than only sociopolitical.

Access To The Father

Approved rendering: προσαγωγή
Transliteration: prosagogí
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: προσαγωγή
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:18. Stable formal-register word, connecting forward to 3:12’s παρρησία (boldness) theme.

Household Of God

Approved rendering: οικείοι (του Θεού)
Transliteration: oikeíoi (tou Theoú)
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: οἰκεῖοι (τοῦ Θεοῦ)
Category: Unity of Jews and Gentiles

Ephesians 2:19. Warm, stable family-register word; an asset.

Manifold Wisdom Of God

Approved rendering: πολυποίκιλη σοφία
Transliteration: polypoíkili sofía
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: πολυποίκιλος σοφία (τοῦ Θεοῦ)
Category: Mystery

Ephesians 3:10. Vivid, stable, asset — πολυποίκιλος remains a lively Modern Greek word (fabric patterns, mosaics).

The Devil

Approved rendering: διάβολος
Transliteration: diávolos
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare

Ephesians 4:27; 6:11. Stable, zero-gap; folk-superstition caricatures exist but do not typically intrude on formal biblical-theological register.

Washing Of Water

Approved rendering: λουτρό
Transliteration: loutrón
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: λουτρόν (τοῦ ὕδατος)
Category: Household

Ephesians 5:26. Stable baptismal-liturgical vocabulary, asset (cf. Titus 3:5’s ‘λουτρόν παλιγγενεσίας’).

One Flesh

Approved rendering: μία σάρκα
Transliteration: mia sarx
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: μία σάρξ
Category: Household

Ephesians 5:31, quoting Genesis 2:24 LXX directly — a genuine asset unique to this Language Package.

Children Obey Honor Parents

Approved rendering: υπακούω / τιμώ
Transliteration: hypakouete / timate
Doctrine: Household Codes: Parents and Children
Original: ὑπακούετε / τιμᾶτε
Category: Household

Ephesians 6:1-2, quoting Exodus 20:12 LXX directly — asset requiring no special caution.

Children Of Light

Approved rendering: τέκνα φωτός
Transliteration: tékna fotós
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: τέκνα φωτός
Category: Sanctification

Ephesians 5:8. Stable light/darkness imagery, asset (widely used in Orthodox hymnography).

Psalms Hymns Spiritual Songs

Approved rendering: ψαλμοί, ύμνοι, ωδές πνευματικές
Transliteration: psalmoí, ýmnoi, odés pnevmatikés
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Spirit-Filled Worship
Original: ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί
Category: Faith

Ephesians 5:19. Asset — all three terms remain the living, standard vocabulary of Orthodox liturgical worship today.

Ambassador In Chains

Approved rendering: πρεσβεύω
Transliteration: presvévo
Doctrine: Prayer and Spiritual Vigilance
Original: πρεσβεύω
Category: Faith

Ephesians 6:20: Paul’s paradoxical self-description as an imprisoned ambassador. Stable, vivid diplomatic asset — πρέσβης/πρεσβευτής remains the ordinary Modern Greek word for a diplomatic ambassador.

Library content is free and openly licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — share and adapt it for non-commercial use, with attribution to tri-bible.ai.