Biblical Theme Map

Romans develops a small number of major themes across its sixteen chapters. Mapping where each theme appears helps keep terminology consistent across a curriculum that will be taught and translated lesson by lesson rather than as one continuous document.

Theme progression

1. Universal need (1:18–3:20) — every person, Jew and Gentile alike, stands guilty before God. Key terms: sin (罪), universal accountability, distinguished from shame/meiwaku framing (see Culture Analysis).
2. Justification by faith (3:21–4:25) — righteousness credited through faith, grounded in Abraham. Key terms: righteousness (義), justification (義と認められること), grace (恵み), faith (信仰) — each requiring explicit disambiguation from Bushido virtue or on-giri obligation.
3. New life in Christ (5:1–8:39) — peace with God, union with Christ, life in the Spirit, adoption, assurance. Key terms: peace (平安), sanctification (聖化), adoption (子とされること), Abba (アバ).
4. Israel and the nations (9:1–11:36) — God’s faithfulness to his promises, the place of Israel and the Gentiles. Key terms: election (選び), covenant (契約), unity of Jew and Gentile.
5. Transformed living (12:1–15:13) — practical outworking of the gospel in the church and society. Key terms: church (教会), spiritual gifts (賜物), kingdom of God (神の国, requiring careful historical-political framing).
6. Closing and mission (15:14–16:27) — Paul’s mission to the nations and personal greetings. Key terms: mission (宣教), fellowship (交わり).

Use in this curriculum

Each lesson should be tagged with which theme-block it falls under, so terminology introduced in an earlier block (e.g. the 神 “one true God” qualifier established in block 1) is reinforced rather than re-explained from scratch when it recurs later (e.g. block 5’s kingdom-of-God, which needs its own separate historical-political disambiguation).