Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Matthew — Kashmiri Language Package Extension
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, covering Matthew 1-28 in full. Terms marked [BASELINE REUSE] are fixed in the Romans translation_memory.json and MUST be used exactly as recorded there; they are listed here for cross-reference completeness and chapter coverage only, not for re-derivation. Terms marked [NEW] are introduced by this Matthew analysis and must be added to translation_memory.json (version incremented) before Phase 2 translation begins, per the 12_ai_translation_requirements.md new-term protocol.
Part 1 — Baseline Terms Reused in Matthew (Consistency Check)
| Term (EN) | Kashmiri | Risk | Matthew Chapters | Baseline Doctrine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | خُدا | High | 1-28 (throughout) | Deity of Christ |
| Jesus | یِسوع | Critical | 1-28 (throughout) | Lordship of Christ |
| Christ / Messiah | مسیح | Critical | 1, 2, 11, 16, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 | Messianic Promise |
| Lord | خُداوند | Critical | 1, 7, 8, 12, 22, 25 | Lordship of Christ |
| Son of God | خُدایہ ہند پُتر | Critical | 1, 3, 4, 8, 14, 16, 17, 26, 27 | Sonship/Deity of Christ |
| Holy Spirit | پاک روح | Critical | 1, 3, 12, 28 | Sanctification / Trinity |
| Father | باپت | Critical | 5, 6, 7, 11, 18, 26, 28 | Adoption/Trinity |
| Holy | پاک | High | 5, 6, 15, 23 | Sanctification |
| Saints | پاک لوکہ | High | 27 | Sainthood |
| Church | کلیسیا | Medium | 16, 18 | Church as God’s People |
| Kingdom of God (root term) | خُدایُک بادشاہت | Medium | 6, 12, 19, 21 (parallel refs) | Kingdom Mission |
| Law | شریعت | High | 5, 7, 11, 12, 15, 22, 23 | Fulfillment of Prophecy |
| Sin | گناہ | High | 1, 6, 9, 12, 26 | Universal Accountability |
| Gentiles | غیر-قوم | Medium | 4, 10, 12, 18, 20, 28 | Unity/Great Commission |
| Glory | جلال | High | 24 | Deity of Christ |
| Righteousness | راستبازی | Critical | 5 (core passage), 6, 21 | Salvation |
| Faith | ایمان | High | 8, 9, 15, 17 | Faith |
| Grace | فضل | Critical | 20 (laborers parable, reinforcing) | Grace |
| Salvation | نجات | Critical | 1, 19, 27 | Salvation |
| Apostle | رسول | Critical | 10 | Apostleship |
| Called / Calling / Election | سَدہ گیہ / سَدنُک / خُدایُک چُنٲوُن | High | 4, 22 | Divine Calling / Effectual Calling |
| Adoption (“sons of God”) | خدا ہند فرزند بنٲوُن (root) | High | 5 (core passage, 5:9) | Adoption |
| Resurrection | مُردٕن پؠٹھ زندٕ تھِیُن | Critical | 12, 16, 17, 22, 27, 28 | Resurrection of Christ |
| Incarnation | خُدا منش رُوپ منز آمت | Critical | 1 | Incarnation |
| Peace | امن | Medium | 5 (core passage, 5:9), 10 | Peace with God |
| Covenant | عہد | Medium | 26 | Davidic Covenant / New Covenant |
| David | داؤد | Low | 1, 21, 22 | Davidic Covenant |
| Israel | اسرائیل | Medium | 2, 8, 10, 19 | Unity of Jews/Gentiles |
| Seed of David | داؤدَس نسلہ منٛز | High | 1 (background) | Davidic Covenant |
| Prophet / Prophecy | پیغمبر / پیشن گوئی | Low-Medium | 1, 2, 5 (core passage), 7, 11, 13 | Fulfillment of Prophecy |
| Thanksgiving | شکر | Low | 11 | Thanksgiving |
Part 2 — New Terms Introduced by Matthew
| Term (EN) | Greek (translit.) | Kashmiri | Transliteration | Risk | Chapters | Doctrine | Key Distinction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom of Heaven | βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν (basileia tōn ouranōn) | خُدایُک آسمانی بادشاہت | Khudāyuk āsmānī bādshāhat | Critical | 3, 4, 5 (core), 6, 7, 10, 11, 13, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25 | Kingdom of Heaven | Identical referent to “kingdom of God,” a Jewish reverential circumlocution, not a lesser/distinct/purely otherworldly kingdom; must not be read as territorial-political given regional sovereignty sensitivity, nor conflated with Islamic mahdist eschatological expectation |
| Son of David | υἱὸς Δαυίδ (huios Dauid) | داؤدُک پُتر | Dā’ūduk putr | Critical | 1, 9, 12, 15, 20, 21, 22 | Jesus as Promised Messiah/Son of David | Royal-messianic confessional title distinct from baseline’s descriptive seed_of_david; no equivalent dynastic-covenant weight in the Quranic Dawud narrative |
| Disciple | μαθητής (mathētēs) | شاگرد | shāgird | High | 5 (core), 4, 8, 10, 28 | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | Rejected: مُرید (Sufi murid-pir bond, Rishi order); not guru-shishya lineage transmission |
| Blessed (Beatitudes) | μακάριος (makarios) | مُبارک | mubārak | Medium | 5 (core passage) | The Beatitudes / Kingdom of Heaven | Shared devotional vocabulary; teach as God’s own kingdom-character verdict, not calendrical/ritual blessedness |
| Poor in spirit | πτωχὸς τῷ πνεύματι | رُوحانی مُفلِس | rūḥānī muflis | High | 5:3 (core) | Beatitudes | Distinguish from Sufi faqr as an achieved ascetic honor-station |
| Repentance / Repent | μετάνοια / μετανοέω | توبہ کرُن | tawba karun | Critical | 3, 4 | Kingdom proclamation; precursor to Great Commission | Must teach as grace-enabled reorientation toward Christ, not a self-generated meritorious act weighed by Allah’s mercy |
| Baptism / Baptize | βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω | بپتِسمہ | baptisma | Critical | 3, 28 | The Great Commission | Distinct from ghusl/wudu (repeatable ritual purification) and from Kashmiri Pandit sacred-spring ritual bathing; once-for-all covenantal initiation |
| Son of Man | υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου | اِنسانہٕ ہند پُتر | Insānah hind putr | Critical | 8, 9, 12, 16, 17, 20, 24, 25, 26 | Jesus as Promised Messiah; Judgment and the End of the Age | Daniel 7 apocalyptic-authority title, not “merely human” language; complements, does not replace, Son of God |
| Authority | ἐξουσία (exousia) | اختیار | ikhtiyār | Critical | 7, 8, 9, 12, 21, 28 | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | Inherent/underived, unlike scribal authority or a prophet’s delegated risalah |
| Devil / Satan | διάβολος / Σατανᾶς | شیطان | shaitān | Medium | 4 | Temptation narrative | Shared figure across traditions; do not flatten Jesus’ unique sinless resistance into a generic moral-tempter narrative |
| Demon | δαιμόνιον (daimonion) | بد روح | bad rūḥ | Critical | 8, 9, 12 | Authority/Kingdom conflict narratives | Rejected: جِن (Quranic jinn, morally mixed cosmology); NT demons are uniformly malevolent under Satan |
| Forgive sins (authority to) | ἀφίημι ἁμαρτίας | گناہ معاف کرنہ ہنٛز اختیار | gunāh mu’āf karnah hanz ikhtiyār | Critical | 9, 26 | Deity of Christ | A specifically divine prerogative claimed and exercised by Jesus |
| Compassion (moved with) | σπλαγχνίζομαι | رحم آمت | raham āmat | Low-Medium | 9, 14, 15, 20 | Character of Christ | Preserve visceral intensity; positive point of contact |
| Not peace but a sword | οὐκ…εἰρήνην ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν | امن نہٕ بلکہ تلوار | amn nah balki talwār | High | 10 | Cost of Discipleship | Teach as relational/familial division from allegiance to Christ; extreme sensitivity given Kashmir’s conflict history — never a violence mandate |
| Rest | ἀνάπαυσις (anapausis) | آرام | ārām | Medium | 11 | Discipleship | — |
| Yoke | ζυγός (zygos) | جُوا | juā | High | 11 | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching vs. Pharisaic burden | Contrast with comprehensive external law-code burden; sensitivity given Sharia’s regional centrality |
| Lord of the Sabbath | κύριος τοῦ σαββάτου | سبتُک خُداوند | sabtuk Khudāwand | Critical | 12 | Deity of Christ | Sovereign authority claim over a divine institution |
| Blasphemy against the Spirit | βλασφημία εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα | پاک روحہ خلاف گناہ | pāk rūḥah khilāf gunāh | Critical | 12 | Unforgivable sin | Rejected: کفر, توہین (both import unrelated, legally/socially loaded Islamic categories, incl. regional blasphemy-law associations) |
| Parable | παραβολή (parabolē) | تمثیل | tamsīl | Low-Medium | 13 | Kingdom of Heaven | Shared literary term; content is Christ-specific, not generically transferable |
| Mystery | μυστήριον (mystērion) | راز | rāz | Medium | 13 | Kingdom of Heaven | Revealed truth for all who hear, not Sufi batin-esotericism or Trika guru-secrecy |
| Worship (of Jesus) | προσκυνέω (proskyneō) | سِجدہ کرُن | sijda karun | Critical | 2, 8, 9, 14, 15, 20, 28 | Deity of Christ | Deliberately retains the term reserved for Allah-alone prostration in Islamic practice — the Christological claim should be taught into directly |
| Tradition of the elders | παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων | بزرگَن ہنٛز روایت | buzurgan hanz riwāyat | Medium-High | 15 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Structural (not substantive) parallel to hadith-transmission methodology; teach with care |
| Defile / make unclean | κοινόω (koinoō) | ناپاک کرُن | nāpāk karun | High | 15 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Relocates purity source from ritual/dietary observance to the heart |
| Church (first NT occurrence) | ἐκκλησία (ekklēsia) | کلیسیا [BASELINE REUSE] | kalīsiyā | Medium | 16, 18 | Church and Church Discipline | Note Matthew 16:18 as canon’s first narrative occurrence |
| Keys (of the kingdom) | κλεῖς (kleis) | کلید | kalīd | High | 16 | Church and Church Discipline | Delegated stewardship authority, not independent human authority |
| Binding and loosing | δέω / λύω | بندٕنہ تہٕ کھولنہ | bandanah ti kholanah | High | 16, 18 | Church and Church Discipline | Christ-delegated corporate authority; distinguish from qazi/mufti fatwa authority and pir spiritual authority |
| Cross (bear/take up) | σταυρός (stauros) | صلیب اُٹھاوُن | salīb uṭhāwun | Critical | 16 | Cost of Discipleship | Presupposes the historical reality of the crucifixion (see Resurrection, baseline) |
| Church discipline procedure | (Matt 18:15-20 pericope) | کلیسیائی نظم و ضبط | kalīsiyā’ī nazm o zabt | Critical | 18 | Church and Church Discipline | Redemptive restoration goal; authority strictly under Christ (18:20), contrast with Sharia-council/qazi-court structures |
| Sexual immorality | πορνεία (porneia) | بدکاری | badkārī | High | 19 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Rejected as primary: زِنا (narrow Islamic hadd-crime legal category with fixed evidentiary rules) |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios) | ہمیشہ ہنٛز زندگی | hamēsha hanz zindagī | High | 19, 25 | Salvation; Judgment and End of Age | Distinguish from deeds-weighed جنت entry and from moksha-style liberation |
| Ransom | λύτρον (lytron) | فِدیہ | fidya | Critical | 20 | Atonement (feeds Great Commission/Salvation doctrines) | Distinct from Islamic legal fidya (compensatory payment for missed duty); this is substitutionary, penalty-satisfying, once-for-all |
| Cornerstone | κεφαλὴ γωνίας | کونہٕ پاتھر | kunah pāthar | Medium-High | 21 | Fulfillment of OT Prophecy | Rejection-then-vindication Christological pattern |
| Love (greatest commandment) | ἀγαπάω (agapaō) | مُحبت | muhabbat | Medium | 22 | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | Shared devotional vocabulary incl. Sufi ishq-adjacent poetic tradition; content (total love of God + neighbor as Law’s summation) taught explicitly |
| Hypocrite | ὑποκριτής (hypokritēs) | ریاکار | riyākār | Critical | 6, 15, 23 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Rejected: مُنافِق (specific, communally-loaded Quranic category of professed-but-secretly-disbelieving betrayal) |
| End of the age | συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος | دورٕ ہنٛز خاتمہ | daurah hanz khātima | High | 13, 24, 28 | Judgment and the End of the Age | Engage directly with regional Islamic end-times popular tradition (Mahdi, Isa’s return) rather than teaching in silent parallel |
| Abomination of desolation | βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως | تباہی ہنٛز مکروہ شئے | tabāhī hanz makrūh shay | High | 24 | Judgment and the End of the Age | Historical-typological apocalyptic image; guard against speculative date-setting |
| Eternal punishment | κόλασιν αἰώνιον | ہمیشہ ہنٛز سزا | hamēsha hanz sazā | Critical | 25 | Judgment and the End of the Age | Real, everlasting, binary outcome; not universalism, not karma-style graduation, not a pure deeds-ledger balance |
| New covenant (in my blood) | αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης | نوٕ عہدُک لَہُو | nav ‘ahduk lahū | Critical | 26 | Atonement / Fulfillment of Prophecy | Islam has no mediating sacrificial-atonement category for forgiveness; teach from the ground up |
| Temple curtain/veil | καταπέτασμα | ہیکلہ ہنٛز پردہ | hēkalah hanz parda | Medium | 27 | Atonement (access to God) | Always pair with “of the temple” to avoid modesty-covering (پردہ) confusion |
| Make disciples (of all nations) | μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη | سٲری قومن ہنٛز شاگرد بناوُن | sāri qauman hanz shāgird banāwun | High | 28 | The Great Commission | Frame as gentle proclamation/discipling, not confrontation, per regional sensitivity |
| Trinitarian baptismal formula | εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος | باپت، پُتر تہٕ پاک روحہ ہنٛدِس ناوہٕ | bāpath, putr ti pāk rūḥah handis nāvah | Critical | 28 | The Great Commission / Trinity | Singular “the name” (not “names”) — one God, three Persons; the Gospel’s maximal Tawhid-collision point; must never be softened, reordered, or abbreviated |
| Emmanuel | Ἐμμανουήλ (Emmanouēl) | عمانوایل / خُدا اسہٕ سٟتی | Emmānūel / Khudā asyi sīti | Critical | 1, 28 (inclusio) | Incarnation | Shirk concern (Muslim-background) and impersonal-spanda-manifestation confusion risk (Trika-background), per baseline incarnation entry |
| Virgin | παρθένος (parthenos) | کنواری | kunwārī | Medium-High | 1 | Jesus as Promised Messiah / Incarnation | Quranic Mary-narrative affirms virgin birth as a shared premise; curriculum must state the divergent Christological conclusion explicitly |
| King of the Jews | βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων | یہودِیَن ہنٛد بادشاہ | Yahūdiyan hand bādshāh | High | 2, 27 | Messianic Promise | Royal-messianic and passion-irony title; note political “kingdom” sensitivity |
| Almsgiving | ἐλεημοσύνη (eleēmosynē) | خیرات | khairāt | High | 6 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Rejected as primary: زکات (Islam’s fixed, obligatory Fifth-Pillar structure) |
| Fasting | νηστεία (nēsteia) | روزہ | roza | High | 6 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Genuine point of contact with Ramadan practice; teach private/discretionary framing vs. communal-pillar obligation |
| Mammon | μαμωνᾶς (mamōnas) | مامون / دولت | Māmūn / daulat | Medium-High | 6 | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | Personification as rival master/object of worship |
| Perfect (as the Father) | τέλειος (teleios) | کامل | kāmil | Medium | 5 (core passage, 5:48) | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | Resonance with Sufi al-insan al-kamil station; teach as Christlike enemy-love from union with the Father, not an achieved mystical station |
| Sabbath | σάββατον (sabbaton) | سبت | sabt | Medium | 12 | Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | Shared “set-apart holy day” concept; distinct specific observance from Islamic jumu’ah |
Part 3 — Chapter Coverage Index (Full Book Confirmation)
| Chapter | New Terms Introduced | Baseline Terms Reused | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Son of David, Emmanuel, Virgin | Christ/Messiah, Holy Spirit, Incarnation, Sin | Reviewed — full new-term treatment |
| 2 | King of the Jews (1st occ.), fulfillment formula | Prophecy | Reviewed |
| 3 | Repentance, Baptism, Kingdom of Heaven (1st occ.) | Holy Spirit, Son of God (divine voice) | Reviewed |
| 4 | Devil/Satan, temptation | Kingdom of Heaven, Disciple (calling narrative) | Reviewed |
| 5 | Core passage (5:1-12), full verse-by-verse | Righteousness, Adoption, Peace, Prophet | Reviewed — core passage |
| 5 (13-48) | Fulfillment (πληρόω), Perfect (τέλειος) | Law, Righteousness | Reviewed |
| 6 | Almsgiving, Fasting, Mammon | Father, Holy, Kingdom of Heaven | Reviewed |
| 7 | Authority (ἐξουσία, 1st full occ.), narrow gate, false prophet | Prophet | Reviewed |
| 8 | Son of Man (1st occ.), Demon | Faith | Reviewed |
| 9 | Forgive sins (authority), Compassion | Sin | Reviewed |
| 10 | (Not peace but a sword) | Apostle, Peace, persecution (5:10 reuse) | Reviewed |
| 11 | Rest, Yoke, “the one who is to come” | Thanksgiving | Reviewed |
| 12 | Lord of the Sabbath, Blasphemy against the Spirit, Sabbath | Lord, Resurrection (sign of Jonah) | Reviewed |
| 13 | Parable, Mystery | Kingdom of Heaven | Reviewed |
| 14 | Worship (προσκυνέω, 1st occ.) | Son of God | Reviewed |
| 15 | Tradition of the elders, Defile | Faith, Holy (antonym) | Reviewed |
| 16 | Keys, Binding/Loosing, Cross-bearing | Messiah, Son of God, Church (1st occ.) | Reviewed |
| 17 | (no major new terms) | Son of God (divine voice reuse), Authority | Explicitly reviewed — reuses ch. 1-16 terms (Sonship, Authority); no new theological vocabulary |
| 18 | Church discipline procedure (pericope) | Church, Binding/Loosing, Gentiles | Reviewed |
| 19 | Sexual immorality, Eternal life | Faith | Reviewed |
| 20 | Ransom | Grace (laborers parable), Son of David | Reviewed |
| 21 | Cornerstone | Son of David, Authority | Reviewed |
| 22 | Love (ἀγαπάω) | Called/Election, Resurrection, Lord | Reviewed |
| 23 | Hypocrite | Kingdom of Heaven | Reviewed |
| 24 | End of the age, Abomination of desolation | Son of Man, Glory | Reviewed |
| 25 | Eternal punishment | Kingdom of Heaven, Eternal life | Reviewed |
| 26 | New covenant (blood) | Covenant, Blasphemy, Son of God, Messiah | Reviewed |
| 27 | Temple curtain/veil | Resurrection, Saints, Son of God, King of the Jews | Reviewed |
| 28 | Trinitarian baptismal formula, Make disciples | Resurrection, Authority, Worship, Emmanuel (inclusio) | Reviewed |
Coverage confirmation: All 28 chapters of Matthew have been reviewed. Chapter 17 is the sole chapter introducing no new theological vocabulary beyond terms already established in chapters 1-16 (Sonship of Christ, Authority of Jesus’ Teaching); it is explicitly noted above rather than silently omitted, per PRD Phase 1 full-book coverage mandate.
This glossary must be merged into translation_memory.json (version incremented, new terms added under a matthew_terms extension namespace or directly into terms, per project convention) before Phase 2 Step 16 batch translation of Matthew begins. All Critical and High risk NEW terms above require human theologian sign-off before enforcement, per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md’s Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions.
Critical Risk Terms
Jesus
Approved rendering: یِسوع
Transliteration: Yisū’
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: عیسیٰ (the Quranic Arabic/Perso-Arabic form, reserve only for explicit interfaith-dialogue contexts)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] یِسوع must be used consistently throughout Matthew 1-28; never عیسیٰ, to avoid suggesting the Quranic Isa figure is simply interchangeable with the biblical Jesus.
Messiah
Approved rendering: مسیح
Transliteration: Masīḥ
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Shared Quranic title (al-Masih) for Isa; Matthew opens (1:1) and hinges (16:16, 22:41-45, 26:63-64) on this title fused with ‘Son of David’ and ‘Son of the living God.’ The shared word must not be mistaken for shared doctrine.
Lord
Approved rendering: خُداوند
Transliteration: Khudāwand
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: مالِک (owner/master, reserve for ordinary human authority contexts)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Applied in Matthew to the Sabbath controversy (12:8, ‘Lord of the Sabbath’), Peter’s confession while walking on water (14:28-33), the false-disciple warning (7:21-23), and the Great Commission’s universal-authority claim (28:18). Must not soften into a venerated teacher or Sufi pir title.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: خُدایہ ہند پُتر
Transliteration: Khudāya hind putr
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: نبی (a great prophet, an explicit downgrade and mainstream Islamic reading of Isa’s status, rejected)
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Recurs in Matthew as the divine voice’s own testimony (3:17; 17:5), Peter’s confession (16:16), the Sanhedrin’s charge (26:63), mockery at the cross (27:40, 43), and the centurion’s declaration (27:54). Must never be diluted to ‘a great prophet,’ directly contradicting Quran 112.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: پاک روح
Transliteration: pāk rūḥ
Doctrine: Sanctification / Trinity
Rejected alternatives: روح القدس (Ruh al-Qudus, an Arabic Quranic phrase mainstream Islamic exegesis commonly identifies with the angel Gabriel, not a divine Person; never use interchangeably without explicit distinction)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Named as the agent of the virginal conception (1:18, 20), descending at Jesus’ baptism (3:16), named in the baptismal formula (28:19), and as the object of the unforgivable sin (12:31-32).
Father
Approved rendering: باپت
Transliteration: bāpath
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Central to the Lord’s Prayer (6:9), the Sermon’s repeated ‘your Father in heaven,’ and the baptismal formula (28:19). Must be taught relationally and explicitly, since Father-language for God is unfamiliar and can sound uncomfortably close to attributing offspring to God in mainstream Islamic hearing.
Apostle
Approved rendering: رسول
Transliteration: rasūl
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: پیغمبر (prophet, a distinct office, avoid conflating)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] First applied to the Twelve at their naming and sending (Matthew 10:1-2). Must always be introduced with explicit distinction from Muhammad’s specific title (Rasulullah).
Grace
Approved rendering: فضل
Transliteration: faz’l
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: شکتی پات (Shaktipat, the Kashmir Shaivite descent of divine power/grace, never use as a substitute), رحم (mercy in the general Islamic sense of divine compassion weighed against deeds, use only as a supporting synonym, never a replacement)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] The laborers-in-the-vineyard parable (Matthew 20:1-16) illustrates equal, unearned generosity regardless of hours worked, directly reinforcing the Critical grace-vs-merit and grace-vs-shaktipat cautions.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: راستبازی
Transliteration: rāstbāzī
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: تقویٰ (piety/God-consciousness, an Islamic virtue achieved through disciplined practice, too works-oriented)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Central to the Beatitudes (5:6, 10, core passage), the programmatic ‘unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees’ (5:20), and ‘seek first the kingdom… and his righteousness’ (6:33). Spans both forensic standing and its lived expression in Matthew’s own usage; must not collapse into تقویٰ.
Salvation
Approved rendering: نجات
Transliteration: najāt
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: جنت (paradise as a destination, never a stand-alone gloss for salvation itself), موکش (moksha-style liberation, never use for Kashmir Shaivite readers), پرتیبھِجنا (pratyabhijna, self-recognition of one’s own innate divinity in Trika philosophy, never use as a substitute)
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Named at the outset (‘he will save his people from their sins,’ 1:21) and thrown back in mockery at the cross (‘he saved others; he cannot save himself,’ 27:42), an ironic scene where the mockers unknowingly state the truth.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: دِتمُت راستبازی
Transliteration: ditmut rāstbāzī
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: حاصل کرمُت راستبازی (earned righteousness, the explicit rejected opposite)
Original: ἐλογίσθη… εἰς δικαιοσύνην (conceptual parallel)
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Reinforced conceptually by the laborers-in-the-vineyard parable (Matthew 20:1-16), where reward is a gift of the master’s generosity, not a wage proportional to labor performed.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: خُدا منش رُوپ منز آمت
Transliteration: Khudā manūsh rūp manz āmat
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: اوتار (avatar, a Vaishnava-style deity-descent, never use)
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (conceptual, cf. Matt 1:18-23)
Category: Christology
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Grounds Matthew’s Emmanuel naming (1:23). Taught as shirk for Muslim-background readers and distinguished from Trika’s impersonal spanda self-manifestation for Pandit-background readers.
Kingdom Of Heaven
Approved rendering: خُدایُک آسمانی بادشاہت
Transliteration: Khudāyuk āsmānī bādshāhat
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Rejected alternatives: خِلافت (caliphate, a live regional Islamic political-eschatological institution/mahdist-expectation term; reject outright), بادشاہت left unqualified (too politically loaded given Kashmir’s contested-sovereignty history)
Original: βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν
Category: Kingdom
NEW term. Matthew’s characteristic reverential circumlocution (~32 occurrences: 3:2; 4:17; 5:3, 10 core passage; 6:33; 7:21; 10:7; 11:11-12; 13:11-52; 18:1, 3; 19:14, 23; 21:31, 43; 22:2; 23:13; 25:1, 34). Must be taught as identical in referent to kingdom_of_god, never a lesser or purely otherworldly kingdom; must not be conflated with Sunni mahdist/caliphate eschatological expectation.
Son Of David
Approved rendering: داؤدُک پُتر
Transliteration: Dā’ūduk putr
Doctrine: Jesus as Promised Messiah and Son of David
Rejected alternatives: بادشاہ alone (too generic, loses messianic-covenantal specificity)
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
NEW term. First occurrence 1:1; repeatedly invoked as direct confessional address to Jesus (9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9, 15; 22:42-45). Distinct from the baseline’s descriptive seed_of_david phrase; no equivalent royal-dynastic promise in the Quranic Dawud narrative, must be explicitly taught.
Repentance
Approved rendering: توبہ کرُن
Transliteration: tawba karun
Doctrine: Repentance
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Kingdom Proclamation
NEW term. Opens both John’s and Jesus’ preaching (3:2; 4:17); reused 11:20-21; 12:41. توبہ is the central Islamic theological term for turning back to Allah, weighed favorably alongside good deeds in mainstream Islamic soteriology; biblical metanoia must be taught as a grace-enabled gift oriented specifically toward Christ, not a self-generated meritorious act.
Baptism
Approved rendering: بپتِسمہ
Transliteration: baptisma
Doctrine: Baptism
Rejected alternatives: غسل (ghusl, obligatory Islamic ritual purification, repeatable), وضو (wudu, ablution before salah, repeatable), Kashmiri Pandit sacred-spring ritual bathing (e.g. Kheer Bhawani)
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Ordinance
NEW term. John’s baptism of repentance (3:6, 11) is fulfilled/transcended by Jesus’ baptism ‘with the Holy Spirit and fire’ and formalized in the Great Commission (28:19). Once-for-all covenantal initiation, not repeatable purification; must be locked before Phase 2 begins.
Demon
Approved rendering: بد روح
Transliteration: bad rūḥ
Doctrine: Spiritual Conflict and Authority Over Demons
Rejected alternatives: جِن (jinn, the Quranic category of morally mixed spirit-beings, some believing, some not; would import an alternate supernatural taxonomy foreign to Matthew’s uniformly hostile daimonia)
Original: δαιμόνιον
Category: Spiritual Conflict
NEW term (8:28-34; 9:32-34; 12:22-29; 17:14-21).
Authority
Approved rendering: اختیار
Transliteration: ikhtiyār
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Rejected alternatives: رسالت (risalah, a prophet’s delegated commission — reserved as a named contrast term only), فتویٰ / اجتہاد (fatwa/ijtihad jurisprudential authority — reserved as a named contrast term only)
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Authority of Jesus
NEW term. First full occurrence 7:29 (‘as one having authority, and not as their scribes’); reused 9:6, 21:23-27, and climactically 28:18 (‘all authority in heaven and on earth’). Must be taught as underived, inherent divine authority.
Forgive Sins Authority
Approved rendering: گناہ معاف کرنہ ہنٛز اختیار
Transliteration: gunāh mu’āf karnah hanz ikhtiyār
Doctrine: Forgiveness of Sins Through Christ / Deity of Christ
Original: ἀφίημι ἁμαρτίας
Category: Deity of Christ
NEW term (9:2-8), reinforced at the Last Supper (26:28). A specifically divine prerogative claimed and exercised by Jesus; flag for theologian review at every occurrence.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: اِنسانہٕ ہند پُتر
Transliteration: Insānah hind putr
Doctrine: Son of Man
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW term. First occurrence 8:20; recurs at 9:6; 12:8, 40; 16:13, 27-28; 17:9, 22-23; 20:28; 24:27-44; 25:31; 26:64. Combines Daniel 7’s apocalyptic-authority figure with incarnate humility; must not be read as ‘merely human’ language, which would lose the Daniel 7 dominion claim entirely.
Lord Of The Sabbath
Approved rendering: سبتُک خُداوند
Transliteration: sabtuk Khudāwand
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: κύριος τοῦ σαββάτου
Category: Deity of Christ
NEW term (12:8). Jesus claims sovereign authority even over the Sabbath institution itself; parallels the forgiveness-of-sins claim as one of the sharpest implicit deity claims; flag for mandatory theologian review.
Blasphemy Against The Spirit
Approved rendering: پاک روحہ خلاف گناہ
Transliteration: pāk rūḥah khilāf gunāh
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: کفر (the standard Islamic category for unbelief), توہین (the term used in regional ‘blasphemy’ legal-social discourse, e.g. tauheen-e-risalat, carrying real legal/vigilante consequences)
Original: βλασφημία εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα
Category: Unforgivable Sin
NEW term (12:31-32). Descriptive phrase reusing the established holy_spirit and sin terms, avoiding either loaded legally-charged Islamic category while preserving the unique unforgivable-sin doctrine.
Sign Of Jonah
Approved rendering: یُونسُک نِشان
Transliteration: Yūnasuk nishān
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: σημεῖον τοῦ Ἰωνᾶ
Category: Resurrection Typology
NEW term (12:39-40). Jonah’s three days as a type of Christ’s burial and resurrection; reinforces the resurrection doctrine well before the passion narrative; flag for theologian review given mainstream Sunni interpretation of Quran 4:157.
Worship Of Christ
Approved rendering: سِجدہ کرُن
Transliteration: sijda karun
Doctrine: Worship of Christ / Deity of Christ
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Deity of Christ
NEW term (2:2, 8, 11; 8:2; 9:18; 14:33; 15:25; 20:20; 28:9, 17). Deliberately retains the precise term reserved for Allah-alone prostration in Islamic salah; the text’s repeated depiction of disciples performing exactly this act toward Jesus is a deliberate, maximal Christological claim to be taught into directly, not softened. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Cross Bearing
Approved rendering: صلیب اُٹھاوُن
Transliteration: salīb uṭhāwun
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: σταυρός / ἀπαρνέομαι
Category: Cost of Discipleship
NEW term (16:24-26). Presupposes the historical reality of the crucifixion; per the baseline resurrection caution, mainstream Sunni interpretation of Quran 4:157 denies the crucifixion occurred, so this discipleship metaphor must be taught with that grounding made explicit.
Church Discipline Procedure
Approved rendering: کلیسیائی نظم و ضبط
Transliteration: kalīsiyā’ī nazm o zabt
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: Matthew 18:15-20 pericope
Category: Church and Church Discipline
NEW term (Matthew 18:15-20 pericope). Redemptive restoration goal must be preserved; delegated authority operates strictly under Christ’s own presence (18:20), in direct contrast to regional Sharia-council/qazi-court adjudication structures. Mandatory theologian review.
Ransom
Approved rendering: فِدیہ
Transliteration: fidya
Doctrine: Atonement and Ransom
Original: λύτρον
Category: Atonement
NEW term (20:28). فدیہ’s standard Islamic legal sense (a discretionary compensatory payment for a missed religious obligation) is a much narrower category than Christ’s substitutionary, penalty-satisfying, once-for-all life-payment; this distinction must be taught explicitly at every occurrence. Mandatory theologian review.
Hypocrite
Approved rendering: ریاکار
Transliteration: riyākār
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: مُنافِق (the specific Quranic category, Surah al-Munafiqun, for one who outwardly professes Islam while secretly disbelieving, historically tied to charges of communal betrayal)
Original: ὑποκριτής
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (concentrated in the seven woes, ch. 23; also 6:2, 5, 16; 15:7). ریاکار captures the performance-versus-reality contrast without importing the narrower, communally-loaded Quranic category.
Eternal Punishment
Approved rendering: ہمیشہ ہنٛز سزا
Transliteration: hamēsha hanz sazā
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: κόλασιν αἰώνιον
Category: Judgment and the End of the Age
NEW term (25:46). Must be taught as a real, everlasting, binary outcome, not softened into universalism, nor collapsed into karma-style graduated consequence, nor into a purely deeds-weighing balance-sheet outcome.
New Covenant Blood
Approved rendering: نوٕ عہدُک لَہُو
Transliteration: nav ‘ahduk lahū
Doctrine: Atonement and Ransom / Forgiveness of Sins Through Christ
Original: αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης
Category: Atonement
NEW term (26:26-28). The Gospel’s most concentrated atonement statement; mainstream Islamic theology has no substitutionary atoning-sacrifice framework for forgiveness, so this text’s entire logic must be taught from the ground up. Mandatory theologian review.
Trinitarian Baptismal Formula
Approved rendering: باپت، پُتر تہٕ پاک روحہ ہنٛدِس ناوہٕ
Transliteration: bāpath, putr ti pāk rūḥah handis nāvah
Doctrine: The Great Commission / Trinity and the Baptismal Formula
Original: εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος
Category: Great Commission / Trinity
NEW term (28:19). The single most direct Trinity-affirming text in the Gospel, a maximal collision point with Tawhid doctrine. The grammatical singularity of ‘the name’ (not ‘names’) — one God, three Persons — must be preserved and explicitly taught, never softened, reordered, or abbreviated. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Emmanuel
Approved rendering: عمانوایل / خُدا اسہٕ سٟتی
Transliteration: Emmānūel / Khudā asyi sīti
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Virgin Birth
Original: Ἐμμανουήλ
Category: Incarnation
NEW term (1:23), forming an inclusio with 28:20’s ‘I am with you always.’ Same grounds as the baseline incarnation entry: shirk concerns for Muslim-background readers, impersonal-spanda-manifestation confusion risk for Trika-shaped readers.
High Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: خُدا
Transliteration: Khudā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] خُدا is the universal term for God across both Muslim and Christian Kashmiri speakers; present consistently in explicitly Trinitarian, Christ-centered terms per Romans. In Matthew this anchors the Emmanuel inclusio (1:23; 28:20) and the Trinitarian baptismal formula (28:19).
Glory
Approved rendering: جلال
Transliteration: jalāl
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Applied to the Son of Man’s coming (24:30) and the Transfiguration (17:1-8); must remain anchored to Christ’s own self-existent glory.
Law
Approved rendering: شریعت
Transliteration: sharī’at
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Central to Matthew’s fulfillment claim (5:17) and the greatest-commandment summation (22:40). Must be distinguished from a comprehensive Sharia-style life-code even though شریعت shares Sharia’s Arabic root.
Sin
Approved rendering: گناہ
Transliteration: gunāh
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Ties directly to Jesus’ explicit claim to forgive sins (9:2-6) and the Last Supper’s ‘blood… for the forgiveness of sins’ (26:28), both distinctively Christian atonement claims absent from mainstream Islamic forgiveness theology.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: داؤدَس نسلہ منٛز
Transliteration: Dā’ūdas naslah manz
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Provides the genealogical background (Matthew 1:1-17) for the confessional royal title ‘Son of David’; requires explicit Old Testament covenant teaching. Kept distinct from the new confessional title term son_of_david below.
Called
Approved rendering: سَدہ گیہ
Transliteration: sada gyi
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: دعوت دِنہ (invited, too weak)
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Occurs in the wedding-feast parable’s ‘many are called, but few are chosen’ (Matthew 22:14), taught with the same care the baseline gives to distinguishing sovereign calling from قسمت (fate/taqdir).
Calling
Approved rendering: سَدنُک
Transliteration: sadanuk
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Kept structurally parallel to سَدہ گیہ; implicit in Matthew’s calling narratives (4:18-22; 9:9; 22:14).
Election
Approved rendering: خُدایُک چُنٲوُن
Transliteration: Khudāyuk chunāwun
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: قسمت (fate, tied to the Islamic concept of taqdir/al-qadar, use with caution)
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Reflected in ‘many are called, but few are chosen’ (22:14) and the elect’s gathering at the Son of Man’s coming (24:31).
Faith
Approved rendering: ایمان
Transliteration: īmān
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: یقین (certainty/conviction, too intellectual/impersonal alone)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Recurs across the centurion (8:10), the woman with the hemorrhage and Jairus (9:22, 29), the Canaanite woman (15:28), and the repeated ‘little faith’ rebukes (6:30; 8:26; 14:31; 16:8; 17:20).
Holy
Approved rendering: پاک
Transliteration: pāk
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: صاف (physically clean, ritual-ablution sense, avoid as a substitute)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Underlies ‘pure in heart’ (5:8, core passage, compounded with پاک) and ‘hallowed be your name’ (6:9); must not collapse into صاف, physical/ritual cleanliness.
Saints
Approved rendering: پاک لوکہ
Transliteration: pāk lūkh
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ولی (a Sufi saint venerated at a shrine, never use for the corporate biblical sense)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Used of the dead ‘saints’ raised at Christ’s death (27:52-53), foreshadowing his own resurrection.
Providence
Approved rendering: خُدایُک انتظام
Transliteration: Khudāyuk intizām
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: قسمت (fate/taqdir, use with caution)
Original: πρόνοια (conceptual)
Category: God
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Reflected in ‘your Father knows what you need’ (6:8, 32) and the sparrows saying (10:29-31); قسمت should be introduced only with explicit contrast.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: ایمانہ منز فرمانبرداری
Transliteration: īmāna manz farmānbardārī
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: شریعتہ ہنٛز فرمانبرداری (rule-obedience to religious law, a works-based misreading)
Original: ὑπακοὴ πίστεως (conceptual, cf. Matt 28:20)
Category: Faith
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Reflected in the Great Commission’s ‘teaching them to obey all that I have commanded’ (28:20); obedience flowing from relationship to Christ, not rule-compliance with an external comprehensive law-code.
Disciple
Approved rendering: شاگرد
Transliteration: shāgird
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Rejected alternatives: مُرید (the Sufi murid-pir bond within the Rishi order’s living devotional structure), guru-shishya lineage-transmission vocabulary
Original: μαθητής
Category: Discipleship
NEW term. First full occurrence in the calling narrative (4:18-22); central throughout (chs. 5 core passage, 8, 10, 28). شاگرد is a comparatively neutral ‘student/pupil’ term avoiding both specific master-disciple religious structures; discipleship to Jesus is response to his own unique, exclusive summons.
Poor In Spirit
Approved rendering: رُوحانی مُفلِس
Transliteration: rūḥānī muflis
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
Rejected alternatives: فقر (Sufi faqr, an achieved, honored ascetic mystical station within the Rishi tradition, the reverse of the Beatitude’s starting posture of need)
Original: πτωχὸς τῷ πνεύματι
Category: Beatitudes
NEW term (5:3, core passage). Names spiritual bankruptcy and total dependence on God as the foundational kingdom-entry posture, not an attained ascetic virtue.
Pure In Heart
Approved rendering: دِلہٕ منز پاک
Transliteration: dilah manz pāk
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character / Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: صاف (ritual/physical cleanliness, the wuzu/ghusl ablution sense, never a substitute)
NEW term (5:8, core passage), built on the baseline holy term پاک. Sets up the Sermon’s inward-versus-outward theme, reinforced in the Pharisee-controversy chapters (15, 23).
Peacemakers
Approved rendering: امن بناوُن وول
Transliteration: amn banāwun wōl
Doctrine: Peacemaking and Division Over Christ
NEW term (5:9, core passage), built on the baseline peace term امن. Given امن’s exceptional political weight in Kashmir’s decades-long conflict, teach as relational/spiritual reconciliation flowing from the gospel, carefully distinguished from partisan political peacemaking rhetoric in either direction.
Sons Of God Adoptive
Approved rendering: خُدایُک اولاد
Transliteration: Khudāyuk aulād
Doctrine: Peacemaking and Division Over Christ / Adoption
Original: υἱοὶ θεοῦ
Category: Adoption
NEW term (5:9, core passage). Plural, corporate, adoptive sonship — kept grammatically and conceptually distinct from the singular Christological title son_of_god at every occurrence, to avoid diluting Christ’s unique deity.
Reward Beatitude
Approved rendering: اجر
Transliteration: ajr
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character / Grace
NEW term (5:12, core passage). اجر is also the standard Islamic term for a heavenly reward earned through good deeds weighed in the afterlife accounting; must be taught as the gracious overflow of union with Christ, not a separate merit-account, consistent with the Critical grace-vs-deeds-weighing caution.
Fulfill Pleroo
Approved rendering: پُورہ کرُن
Transliteration: pūrah karun
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching / Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: πληρόω
Category: Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
NEW term (5:17). Must be taught alongside شریعت: Jesus does not add a new comprehensive law-code alongside or replacing Sharia-style regulation, but fulfills the Mosaic Law’s redemptive-historical purpose.
Almsgiving
Approved rendering: خیرات
Transliteration: khairāt
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: زکات (Islam’s obligatory Fifth-Pillar structure with fixed calculation and communal-legal verification)
Original: ἐλεημοσύνη
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (6:1-4). خیرات (voluntary giving) avoids importing zakat’s obligatory-pillar framework; Jesus commends secret, voluntary, unostentatious giving.
Fasting
Approved rendering: روزہ
Transliteration: roza
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: νηστεία / νηστεύω
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (6:16-18). روزہ is the standard term for the obligatory Ramadan fast, a genuine point of positive contact; teach private/discretionary framing vs. communal-pillar obligation.
Mammon
Approved rendering: مامون / دولت
Transliteration: Māmūn / daulat
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: μαμωνᾶς
Category: Cost of Discipleship
NEW term (6:24). Preserve the personification of wealth as a rival object of ultimate allegiance/worship.
Yoke
Approved rendering: جُوا
Transliteration: juā
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: ζυγός
Category: Authority of Jesus
NEW term (11:29-30). Jesus’ ‘easy yoke’ is not a claim that following him requires no obedience, but that his yoke is carried in relationship and grace rather than as an external, comprehensive legal burden — sensitive given Sharia’s regional centrality.
Coming One
Approved rendering: آنہٕ آسنہٕ وول
Transliteration: ānh āsanh wōl
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy / Jesus as Promised Messiah
NEW term (11:3). Messianic title John’s disciples use to ask if Jesus is the promised one.
Not Peace But Sword
Approved rendering: امن نہٕ بلکہ تلوار
Transliteration: amn nah balki talwār
Doctrine: Peacemaking and Division Over Christ
Original: οὐκ ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν
Category: Discipleship
NEW term (10:34), in direct verbal tension with the baseline peace term. Given امن’s exceptional political weight in Kashmir’s conflict, teach as relational/familial division from differing allegiance to Christ, never a mandate for religious or communal violence.
Tradition Of The Elders
Approved rendering: بزرگَن ہنٛز روایت
Transliteration: buzurgan hanz riwāyat
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (15:2-3). روایت is also the term for hadith transmission-chains in Islamic religious methodology; note as a structural (not substantive) parallel only.
Defile
Approved rendering: ناپاک کرُن
Transliteration: nāpāk karun
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: κοινόω
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (15:11, 18-20), antonym of the baseline holy term پاک. Must be distinguished from halal/haram dietary purity categories; Jesus relocates the source of impurity from ritual observance to the heart.
Keys Of Kingdom
Approved rendering: کلید
Transliteration: kalīd
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: κλεῖς
Category: Church and Church Discipline
NEW term (16:19). Symbol of delegated administrative/stewardship authority; must be taught as Christ-delegated, not independent human authority.
Binding And Loosing
Approved rendering: بندٕنہ تہٕ کھولنہ
Transliteration: bandanah ti kholanah
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Rejected alternatives: فتویٰ (qazi/mufti jurisprudential ruling authority, an existing regional institutional parallel that must be distinguished, not equated)
Original: δέω / λύω
Category: Church and Church Discipline
NEW term (16:19; 18:18). Christ-delegated corporate authority exercised under his lordship, distinguished from a pir’s spiritual authority within the Rishi order and from Sharia-council fatwa authority.
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: بدکاری
Transliteration: badkārī
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees / Sexual Ethics and Purity of Heart
Rejected alternatives: زِنا (the specific Islamic hadd-crime legal category with fixed evidentiary requirements, four witnesses, and prescribed penalties; reserved only for contexts specifically naming adultery, always with a clarifying note)
Original: πορνεία
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (5:27-32, core passage context; 19:9). بدکاری preferred as the broader moral-theological category avoiding the narrower Islamic legal-evidentiary framework.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: ہمیشہ ہنٛز زندگی
Transliteration: hamēsha hanz zindagī
Doctrine: Eternal Life and Eternal Punishment
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
NEW term (19:16, 29; 25:46). Must be distinguished from deeds-weighed جنت entry (Muslim-background readers) and moksha-style liberation (Trika-shaped readers); resurrection life granted on the basis of Christ’s finished work.
Cornerstone
Approved rendering: کونہٕ پاتھر
Transliteration: kunah pāthar
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: κεφαλὴ γωνίας
Category: Fulfillment of Prophecy
NEW term (21:42, quoting Psalm 118:22). Christ’s rejection-then-vindication pattern; reinforces the resurrection theme.
End Of The Age
Approved rendering: دورٕ ہنٛز خاتمہ
Transliteration: daurah hanz khātima
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: قیامت (Qiyamah, the Islamic Day of Judgment; not adopted as primary rendering but named explicitly in teaching notes as the live comparative reference point)
Original: συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος
Category: Judgment and the End of the Age
NEW term (13:39-40, 49; 24:3; 28:20). Regional Islamic eschatological expectation (signs of the Hour, the Mahdi, Isa’s return per mainstream Sunni teaching) is a live, detailed popular tradition; engage directly through explicit comparative teaching.
Abomination Of Desolation
Approved rendering: تباہی ہنٛز مکروہ شئے
Transliteration: tabāhī hanz makrūh shay
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως
Category: Judgment and the End of the Age
NEW term (24:15). Requires careful historical-typological teaching; guard against speculative date-setting.
Make Disciples
Approved rendering: سٲری قومن ہنٛز شاگرد بناوُن
Transliteration: sāri qauman hanz shāgird banāwun
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Original: μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
Category: Great Commission
NEW term (28:19). Frame as gentle proclamation and discipling, not confrontation or coercion, given the region’s religious-communal history.
Virgin
Approved rendering: کنواری
Transliteration: kunwārī
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Virgin Birth / Jesus as Promised Messiah
Original: παρθένος
Category: Incarnation / Messianic Promise
NEW term (1:23). Mainstream Quranic theology (Surah Maryam) also affirms Mary’s virginity and Isa’s virginal conception as a shared premise; must state plainly that Islamic theology affirms the virgin birth while denying the incarnational conclusion Matthew draws from it.
King Of The Jews
Approved rendering: یہودِیَن ہنٛد بادشاہ
Transliteration: Yahūdiyan hand bādshāh
Doctrine: Jesus as Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
Category: Messianic Promise
NEW term (2:2; 27:11, 37). Royal-messianic and passion-irony title; note the sensitivity of ‘king/kingdom’ political language given Kashmir’s contested-sovereignty history.
Medium Risk Terms
Gentiles
Approved rendering: غیر-قوم
Transliteration: ghair-qaum
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Used of the centurion’s exemplary faith (8:10-11), the church-discipline procedure (18:17), and the Great Commission’s ‘all nations’ (28:19).
Israel
Approved rendering: اسرائیل
Transliteration: Isrā’īl
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Used of Jesus’ mission to ‘the lost sheep of the house of Israel’ (10:6; 15:24) and the centurion’s faith exceeding any found ‘in Israel’ (8:10). Keep distinct from the modern nation-state given regional geopolitical sensitivity.
Covenant
Approved rendering: عہد
Transliteration: ‘ahd
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Climaxes in the Last Supper’s institution of ‘the blood of the covenant… for the forgiveness of sins’ (26:28); taught alongside the new_covenant_blood term below.
Prophet
Approved rendering: پیغمبر
Transliteration: paighambar
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Recurs in fulfillment formulas (chs. 1-2), the false-prophet warning (7:15), and Jesus’ lament over Jerusalem (23:37), echoing the Beatitudes’ ‘so they persecuted the prophets before you’ (5:12). Care needed given mainstream Islamic teaching that Muhammad is the final prophet (khatam an-nabiyyin).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: پیشن گوئی
Transliteration: pēshan go’ī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Undergirds Matthew’s repeated ‘that it might be fulfilled’ formula (1:22-23; 2:15,17-18,23; 4:14-16; 8:17; 12:17-21; 13:14-15,35; 21:4-5; 26:54,56; 27:9-10).
Peace
Approved rendering: امن
Transliteration: amn
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Appears in the peacemakers Beatitude (5:9, core passage) and in direct verbal tension with ‘I have not come to bring peace but a sword’ (10:34); both occurrences require particular pastoral sensitivity given Kashmir’s decades-long conflict.
Church
Approved rendering: کلیسیا
Transliteration: kalīsiyā
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: مسجد (mosque, never use), مندر (temple, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Matthew 16:18 is the FIRST narrative occurrence of ekklesia in the entire New Testament canon (‘on this rock I will build my church’); reused in the church-discipline procedure (18:17). Must remain clearly distinct from مسجد and مندر.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: خُدایُک بادشاہت
Transliteration: Khudāyuk bādshāhat
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Alternates with Matthew’s preferred idiom ‘kingdom of heaven’ in a small number of verses (6:33; 12:28; 19:24; 21:31, 43); teach as strictly identical in referent to kingdom_of_heaven below.
Mission
Approved rendering: انجیلہ ہنٛز منادی
Transliteration: Injīla hanz munādī
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω
Category: Church
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Covers the sending of the Twelve (10:5-15) and the general proclamation sense of the Great Commission (28:19); frame as gentle proclamation and witness, not confrontation.
Intercession
Approved rendering: منٛزبولی
Transliteration: manzbolī
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: شفاعت (a Sufi saint’s or Muhammad’s mediating intercession, avoid as a substitute)
Original: ἔντευξις (conceptual)
Category: Faith
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Reflected in Jesus’ Gethsemane prayer (26:36-44); kept distinct from شفاعت.
Blessed Beatitude
Approved rendering: مُبارک
Transliteration: mubārak
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
Original: μακάριος
Category: Beatitudes
NEW term (5:3-12, core passage). مبارک is widely shared Islamic devotional vocabulary for blessed days/persons; teach that biblical makarios names God’s own verdict on kingdom character, not ritual/calendrical blessedness nor a wali’s special status.
Mourn Beatitude
Approved rendering: ماتم کرُن
Transliteration: mātam karun
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:4, core passage). ماتم carries strong ritual-lament connotations regionally (including Shia mourning practices unrelated to Kashmir’s Sunni majority context); ensure the gloss conveys inward grief over sin/brokenness, not a ritual mourning observance.
Meek Beatitude
Approved rendering: نرم دِل / حلیم
Transliteration: naram dil / ḥalīm
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:5, core passage). حلیم is also one of the traditional Islamic divine names/attributes (al-Halim); a positive point of contact if introduced carefully so as not to suggest believers acquire a divine attribute.
Inherit Beatitude
Approved rendering: وارث بنُن
Transliteration: wāris banun
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character / Adoption
NEW term (5:5, core passage). Ties to the baseline adoption doctrine; ‘the earth’ as renewed created order, not a narrow territorial claim, given regional land/sovereignty sensitivity.
Merciful Mercy
Approved rendering: رحم
Transliteration: raham
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character / Grace
NEW term (5:7, core passage). Consistent with baseline usage of رحم as a supporting synonym alongside فضل. Must be taught as a fruit-and-evidence relationship (mercy shown as evidence of mercy received, cf. Matthew 18’s unforgiving servant), not a merit-transaction earning God’s mercy, per the baseline grace caution regarding Islamic deeds-weighing compassion.
See God Beatitude
Approved rendering: خُدا ونہ گٕے
Transliteration: Khudā vonh gay
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:8, core passage). The beatific vision, unmediated fellowship with God; note tension with mainstream Islamic caution about seeing God directly (ru’yat Allah) and with Trika’s non-dual framework in which there is no God genuinely other than the self to be ‘seen’ — a brief explanatory note serves both audiences.
Reviled Insulted
Approved rendering: بدنام کرُن
Transliteration: badnām karun
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character / Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
NEW term (5:11, core passage). Verbal shaming/insult, tied to regional honor-shame social dynamics.
Mountain Sermon
Approved rendering: پہاڑ
Transliteration: pahāṛ
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
NEW term (5:1, core passage). Deliberate Sinai typology (a new lawgiver on a mountain) should be preserved in teaching notes.
Kingdom At Hand
Approved rendering: نزیک آمُت
Transliteration: nazīk āmut
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
NEW term (3:2; 4:17). Must convey imminent in-breaking, not vague futurity.
Devil Satan
Approved rendering: شیطان
Transliteration: shaitān
Doctrine: Spiritual Conflict and Authority Over Demons
Original: διάβολος / Σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Conflict
NEW term (ch. 4 and throughout). Genuine point of contact with the shared Islamic figure of Shaitan, but must not flatten Jesus’ unique sinless resistance into a generic tempter role interchangeable with Quranic Iblis narratives.
Perfect Teleios
Approved rendering: کامل
Transliteration: kāmil
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: τέλειος
Category: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
NEW term (5:48). کامل is also used of the ‘complete/perfected’ spiritual station in Sufi thought (al-insan al-kamil); teach as Christlike love flowing from union with the Father, not an achieved mystical self-perfection.
Rest
Approved rendering: آرام
Transliteration: ārām
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀνάπαυσις
Category: Discipleship
NEW term (11:28-29). Distinguish from Sufi fana-adjacent inner stillness per the baseline’s related peace note.
Compassion
Approved rendering: رحم آمت
Transliteration: raham āmat
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: σπλαγχνίζομαι
Category: Character of Christ
NEW term (9:36; 14:14; 15:32; 20:34). A positive point of contact with regional رحم devotion-vocabulary; preserve visceral intensity, do not flatten to bland ‘kindness.‘
Sabbath
Approved rendering: سبت
Transliteration: sabt
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: σάββατον
Category: Authority of Jesus
NEW term (ch. 12). Shared concept of a set-apart holy day, distinct in specific observance from Islamic Friday congregational prayer (jumu’ah).
Parable
Approved rendering: تمثیل
Transliteration: tamsīl
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: παραβολή
Category: Kingdom Teaching
NEW term (ch. 13 and throughout). A shared literary term across Christian and Islamic tradition; Jesus’ kingdom parables carry specifically Christ-centered content not automatically transferable to generic wisdom-parable expectations.
Mystery
Approved rendering: راز
Transliteration: rāz
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Kingdom Teaching
NEW term (13:11). Should not be read through a Sufi esoteric-knowledge (batin) framework or Trika’s guru-transmitted philosophical secrets; kingdom ‘mystery’ is revealed openly in Christ’s teaching.
Love Agapao
Approved rendering: مُحبت
Transliteration: muhabbat
Doctrine: Love of God and Neighbor
Original: ἀγαπάω
Category: Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
NEW term (22:37-39). مُحبت is broadly shared devotional vocabulary, including Sufi ishq-adjacent usage in the Rishi tradition’s devotional poetry (e.g. Lal Ded); the specific content — total love of God plus other-centered neighbor-love as the summation of the Law and Prophets — should be taught explicitly.
Temple Curtain
Approved rendering: ہیکلہ ہنٛز پردہ
Transliteration: hēkalah hanz parda
Doctrine: Atonement and Ransom
Original: καταπέτασμα
Category: Atonement
NEW term (27:51). پردہ alone carries strong regional modesty-covering connotation; always pair with ‘of the temple’ (ہیکلہ ہنٛز).
Low Risk Terms
David
Approved rendering: داؤد
Transliteration: Dā’ūd
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Foundational to Matthew’s opening genealogy (1:1-17) and the repeated ‘Son of David’ acclamations.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: شکر
Transliteration: shukur
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / ἐξομολογέομαι
Category: Faith
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Reflected in Jesus’ prayer of thanksgiving/praise to the Father (11:25).
Exhort
Approved rendering: حوصلہ دِنہ
Transliteration: ḥauslah dinah
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
[INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE] Kept distinct from the specific comfort sense تسلی دِنہ used for the mourning Beatitude (5:4, core passage).
Comfort Mourning
Approved rendering: تسلی دِنہ
Transliteration: tasallī dinah
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:4, core passage). Kept distinct from the baseline’s exhort term حوصلہ دِنہ to preserve the comfort/consolation-specific sense of parakaleo here.
Hunger And Thirst Righteousness
Approved rendering: بُوک لگُن / تری لگُن
Transliteration: būk lagun / trī lagun
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:6, core passage). Physical hunger/thirst imagery used metaphorically for urgent spiritual longing.
Satisfied Beatitude
Approved rendering: سیر کرُن
Transliteration: sēr karun
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:6, core passage). Complete satisfaction, not partial relief.
Rejoice Exult
Approved rendering: خوش تھِیُن / اُچھال منٛز خوشی منٲوُن
Transliteration: khōsh thyun / uchāl manz khōshī manāwun
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:12, core passage).
Crowd Multitude
Approved rendering: لوکہ / بھیڑ
Transliteration: lūkh / bhīṛ
Doctrine: The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
NEW term (5:1, core passage). Sets the Sermon’s dual audience — crowds overhear, disciples are addressed directly.
Teach Didasko
Approved rendering: تعلیم دِنہ
Transliteration: ta’līm dinah
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
NEW term (5:2, core passage). Introduces the Sermon as formal, authoritative teaching (cf. 7:28-29).
Fishers Of Men
Approved rendering: اِنسانن ہنٛز شِکار کران وول
Transliteration: insānan hanz shikār karan wōl
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
NEW term (4:19), descriptive discipleship metaphor.
Referenced passages