Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Philippians (English–Kashmiri)
A. Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans translation_memory.json)
| English Term | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Chapter(s) in Philippians | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | خُدا | Khudā | High | 1,2,3,4 | Consistent Trinitarian, Christ-centered framing per baseline |
| Jesus | یِسوع | Yisū’ | Critical | 1,2,3,4 | Never عیسیٰ |
| Christ/Messiah | مسیح | Masīḥ | Critical | 1,2,3,4 | Shared Quranic vocabulary; different content must be taught |
| Lord | خُداوند | Khudāwand | Critical | 1,2,3,4 | Php 2:11 confession must be verbatim-consistent with Romans 10:9 |
| Father | باپت | bāpath | Critical | 1,2,4 | Php 2:11, 4:20 |
| Holy Spirit | پاک روح | pāk rūḥ | Critical | 1,2,3 | Php 1:19, 2:1, 3:3; never bare روح القدس |
| Grace | فضل | faz’l | Critical | 1,4 | Php 1:2, 1:7; distinguish from shaktipat AND deeds-weighed mercy |
| Peace | امن | amn | Medium | 1,4 | Php 1:2, 4:7, 4:9; heavy regional political resonance |
| Faith | ایمان | īmān | High | 1,3 | Php 1:25, 1:27, 3:9 |
| Righteousness | راستبازی | rāstbāzī | Critical | 1,3 | Php 1:11, 3:6, 3:9 |
| Imputed Righteousness | دِتمُت راستبازی | ditmut rāstbāzī | Critical | 3 | Php 3:9 — key “Righteousness by Faith vs. Law” verse |
| Law | شریعت | sharī’at | High | 3 | Php 3:5-6, 3:9 |
| Salvation | نجات | najāt | Critical | 1,2,3 | Php 1:19, 1:28, 2:12, 3:20 (Savior title) |
| Gospel | انجیل | Injīl | High | 1 | Php 1:5, 1:7, 1:12, 1:27 |
| Glory | جلال | jalāl | High | 1,2,3,4 | Php 1:11, 2:11, 3:19, 3:21, 4:19-20 |
| Fellowship | رفاقت | rifāqat | Low (base) / Medium (in ctx) | 1,2,3 | Php 1:5 (partnership sense), 2:1, 3:10 |
| Church | کلیسیا | kalīsiyā | Medium | 3,4 | Php 3:6, 4:15 |
| Thanksgiving | شکر | shukur | Low | 1 | Php 1:3 |
| Resurrection | مُردٕن پؠٹھ زندٕ تھِیُن | murdan pyeṭh zinda thyun | Critical | 2,3 | Php 2:11 context, 3:10-11, 3:21; incl. rare compound ἐξανάστασις |
| Adoption | خدا ہند فرزند بنٲوُن | Khudā hind farzand banāwun | High | 2 | Php 2:15 “children of God,” full compound used when inheritance-rights sense is in view |
| Calling/Called | سَدنُک / سَدہ گیہ | sadanuk / sada gyi | High | 3 | Php 3:14 “upward call” |
| Power of God | خُدایُک قوت | Khudāyuk quwwat | High | 4 | Php 4:13; never شکتی |
| Providence | خُدایُک انتظام | Khudāyuk intizām | High | 2 | Php 2:13 |
| Exhort | حوصلہ دِنہ | ḥauslah dinah | Low | 4 | Php 4:2 |
| Israel | اسرائیل | Isrā’īl | Medium | 3 | Php 3:5 |
| Incarnation | خُدا منش رُوپ منز آمت | Khudā manūsh rūp manz āmat | Critical | 2 | Php 2:6-8 — extended below with kenosis-specific sub-terms |
| Saints | پاک لوکہ | pāk lūkh | High | 1 | Php 1:1 |
| Sin | گناہ | gunāh | High | — | Not directly used; retained for consistency if referenced in teaching material |
| Sanctification | پاکیزگی | pākīzagī | High | 1 | Php 1:9-11 general context |
| Apostle | رسول | rasūl | Critical | — | Notably NOT used by Paul of himself in Php 1:1 (he uses δοῦλος instead); teaching note should flag this deliberate contrast with Romans 1:1 |
B. New Terms Established for Philippians
| English Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Kashmiri Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slave/Servant (Paul’s self-designation) | δοῦλος | doulos | خادم | High | 1 | Distinct from Christ’s غلام (2:7); must clarify Paul’s voluntary self-identification vs. universal Islamic ʿabd anthropology |
| Slave/Servant (Christ’s kenotic form) | μορφὴν δούλου | morphēn doulou | غلامَن رُوپ | Critical | 2 | Strongest slave-term needed to preserve rhetorical shock; risks being read as “Christ became what all humans already are” (ʿabd Allah) rather than a voluntary, unnecessary condescension by the eternally divine Son |
| Overseer | ἐπίσκοπος | episkopos | نگہبان | Medium-High | 1 | Avoid conflation with پیر (Sufi spiritual master) |
| Deacon | διάκονος | diakonos | خدمتگار | Medium | 1 | Functional church office, not a spiritual-authority hierarchy |
| Form/Essential Nature | μορφή | morphē | رُوپ | Critical | 2,3 | Central kenosis-hymn term; used of both “form of God” and “form of a servant”; must be kept distinct from σχῆμα (صورت) |
| Equality with God | ἴσα θεῷ | isa theō | خُدا برابر | Critical | 2 | States Christ’s full deity plainly; ties to baseline deity/sonship doctrines |
| A thing to be grasped/exploited | ἁρπαγμός | harpagmos | زبردستی پکڑ رکھنُک شے | Critical | 2 | Must convey Christ already possessed but declined to exploit equality with God — guards against adoptionist misreading |
| Emptied himself (kenosis) | ἐκένωσεν | ekenōsen | پننہٕ آپ خالی کرِتھ | Critical | 2 | Central to whole curriculum doctrine; must state addition-of-humanity, not subtraction-of-deity, guarding against kenoticist heresy |
| Likeness (of men) | ὁμοίωμα | homoiōma | صورت (منشہ ہنٛز) | High | 2 | Must affirm full genuine humanity, not mere appearance (anti-docetic) |
| Outward form/fashion | σχῆμα | schēma | صورت | High | 2 | Kept distinct from رُوپ (essential nature); marks the outwardly observable, historical aspect of the incarnation |
| Humbled himself | ἐταπείνωσεν ἑαυτόν | etapeinōsen heauton | پننہٕ آپ عاجز بنٲوُن | High | 2 | Connects to ταπεινοφροσύνη (humility, 2:3) as Christ’s own pattern |
| Humility | ταπεινοφροσύνη | tapeinophrosynē | عاجزی | High | 2 | Distinguish from Islamic تواضع (a disciplined, self-cultivated virtue); biblical humility is patterned on a historical, once-for-all kenotic act |
| Obedient | ὑπήκοος | hypēkoos | فرمانبردار | High | 2 | Shares root with baseline’s ایمانہ منز فرمانبرداری (“obedience of faith”) |
| Cross | σταυρός | stauros | صلیب | Critical | 2 | Not present in baseline; direct confrontation with mainstream Sunni denial of the crucifixion (Quran 4:157) |
| Highly exalted | ὑπερύψωσεν | hyperypsōsen | بلند تہٕ زیادہ بلند کرُن | High | 2 | Reinforces lordship_of_christ/deity_of_christ doctrines |
| Name above every name | τὸ ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα | to onoma to hyper pan onoma | سٲری ناوَن پؠٹھ بلند ناو | Critical | 2 | Entails full deity of Christ; teach plainly, do not soften |
| Every knee bow / every tongue confess | πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ / πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσηται | pan gony kampsē / pasa glōssa exomologēsētai | ہر گوڈ نمُن / ہر زبانہٕ اقرار کرُن | Critical | 2 | Universal worship of Jesus — direct Tawhid/shirk flashpoint; must not be softened to mere honorific respect |
| Joy | χαρά | chara | خوشی | High | 1,2,3,4 | Distinguish from وجد (Sufi ecstatic rapture via mystical discipline); grounded in Christ/gospel, sustained through suffering |
| Mindset/Attitude | φρονέω | phroneō | خیال / سوچ | High | 1,2,3,4 | Doctrinal spine of unity/humility; volitional-affective, not merely intellectual opinion; render consistently at 1:7, 2:2, 2:5, 3:15, 3:19, 4:2, 4:10 |
| Selfish ambition | ἐριθεία | eritheia | خودغرضی | Low-Medium | 2 | — |
| Empty conceit | κενοδοξία | kenodoxia | خالی غرور | Medium | 2 | Deliberately preserves the “empty” root shared with κενόω (kenosis) |
| Affection/compassion | σπλάγχνα καὶ οἰκτιρμοί | splanchna kai oiktirmoi | دِلی ہمدردی تہٕ رحم | Medium | 2 | رحم used here in ordinary-compassion sense only, not soteriological |
| Love | ἀγάπη | agapē | محبت | High | 1 | Distinguish from عشق (Sufi mystical passion, esp. Lal Ded tradition); self-giving, others-oriented, historically enacted in Christ |
| Gain/profit | κέρδος | kerdos | فائدہٕ | Medium | 1 | Must not reinforce deeds-weighing soteriology |
| Suffering | πάσχειν / πάθημα | paschein / pathēma | دُکھ (سہِن) | High | 1,3 | Framed as grace-gift (ἐχαρίσθη); central to “Joy in Suffering” doctrine |
| Struggle/conflict | ἀγών | agōn | جدوجہد | High | 1 | Root shares ج-ہ-د with جہاد (jihad); strong regional militant/political association given Kashmir conflict history — must clarify as non-violent, gospel-proclamation perseverance |
| Children of God | τέκνα θεοῦ | tekna theou | خُدایُک اولاد | Medium-High | 2 | Descriptive variant of baseline adoption term; use full compound when inheritance-rights sense is in view |
| Sacrifice | θυσία | thysia | قربانی | High | 2,4 | Shared vocabulary with Islamic Eid qurbani; must clarify metaphorical, non-ritual use |
| Service/ministry | λειτουργία | leitourgia | خدمت | Medium | 2 | Genuine point of contact with khidmat-e-khalq ethics; motivation must remain explicitly Christ-centered |
| Circumcision | περιτομή | peritomē | ختنہ | Medium-High | 3 | Shared term with Islamic customary practice; Paul redefines true circumcision as inward/Spirit-worked |
| Knowledge (of Christ) | γνῶσις | gnōsis | علم | High | 3 | معرفت (Sufi mystical gnosis) explicitly rejected as substitute; this is relational, faith-based knowing, not a mystical attainment path |
| Rubbish/refuse | σκύβαλα | skybala | کچرٕ | Low-Medium | 3 | Preserve rhetorical vehemence; avoid ritual-purity term نجاست |
| Mature/perfect | τέλειος | teleios | کامل | High | 3 | Distinguish from Sufi انسانِ کامل (Insān-i-Kāmil); Paul’s usage is self-consciously provisional, not a claimed final mystical attainment |
| Press on / goal / prize / upward call | διώκω / σκοπός / βραβεῖον / ἡ ἄνω κλῆσις | diōkō / skopos / brabeion / hē anō klēsis | دوڑنہٕ ادامت رکھُن / منزل / اِنعام / اُچھی سَدنُک | Medium-High | 3 | اِنعام shares vocabulary with deeds-rewarded Islamic devotional language; clarify singular prize is fellowship with Christ, not cumulative merit |
| Citizenship/Commonwealth | πολίτευμα / πολιτεύομαι | politeuma / politeuomai | آسمانہٕ ہنٛز شہریت | Critical | 1,3 | Acute regional political sensitivity given Kashmir’s contested-sovereignty history; explicitly not an earthly political/national claim |
| Savior | σωτήρ | sōtēr | نجات دِنہٕ وٲلہ | Critical | 3 | Built on baseline نجات; same dual-audience cautions apply (deeds-weighed paradise-entry; pratyabhijna self-recognition) |
| Conformed (to Christ’s death/glory) | συμμορφίζω / σύμμορφος | symmorphizō / symmorphos | ہمرُوپ بننہٕ | High | 3 | Deliberately echoes رُوپ root of 2:6-7; preserve literary/theological link |
| Belly (idiom) | κοιλία | koilia | پیٚٹھ | Low-Medium | 3 | Literal rendering with idiom-explanation note |
| Contentment | αὐτάρκης / αὐτάρκεια | autarkēs / autarkeia | قناعت | Critical | 4 | Deeply resonant with Rishi Sufi ascetic-virtue tradition (Nund Rishi, Lal Ded); must clarify Christ-dependent, not self-cultivated/ascetic-attainment contentment |
| Strengthens (me) | ἐνδυναμοῦντι | endynamounti | طاقت دِنہٕ وٲلہ | Medium | 4 | Ties to baseline خُدایُک قوت; not شکتی (impersonal cosmic energy) |
| Anxious/worry | μεριμνάω | merimnaō | پریشان | Low-Medium | 4 | — |
| Giving and receiving | δόσις καὶ λήμψις | dosis kai lēmpsis | دِنہٕ تہٕ حاصل کرنہٕ ہنٛز حساب | Low-Medium | 4 | Commercial-partnership metaphor; reinforces concrete material dimension of κοινωνία (1:5) |
C. Risk Summary for Philippians-Specific New Terms
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 11 | Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence) |
| High | 15 | Human theologian |
| Medium / Medium-High | 12 | Native speaker review |
| Low / Low-Medium | 6 | Automated review sufficient |
D. Cross-Reference to Baseline Consistency Rules
- Philippians 2:11’s Lordship confession (خُداوند یِسوع مسیح) must be rendered identically to the Romans 10:9 confession per the baseline’s cross-document consistency rule.
- All baseline Critical/High forbidden substitutions (بare روح القدس, اوتار, شکتی for power/Spirit, شکتی پات framing) remain in force throughout Philippians with no exceptions.
- Newly identified forbidden substitutions for Philippians specifically: عشق as a substitute for ἀγάπη; معرفت as a substitute for γνῶσις (knowledge of Christ); انسانِ کامل framing for τέλειος; قناعت used without the Christ-dependence qualifier for αὐτάρκης; جہاد-adjacent unqualified use of جدوجہد for ἀγών without the non-violent clarification note.
This glossary must be merged into translation_memory.json (incrementing its version number) before Phase 2 segment translation of Philippians begins, per the AI Translation Requirements document’s Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions.
Critical Risk Terms
Jesus
Approved rendering: یِسوع
Transliteration: Yisū’
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: عیسیٰ (the Quranic Arabic/Perso-Arabic form, reserve only for explicit interfaith-dialogue contexts)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Used throughout Philippians, climactically in the Php 2:11 confession, which must be verbatim-consistent with the Romans 10:9 confession per the baseline’s cross-document consistency rule.
Messiah
Approved rendering: مسیح
Transliteration: Masīḥ
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Appears throughout Philippians, climactically in 2:11. Shared Quranic vocabulary (al-Masih) must not be mistaken for shared belief.
Lord
Approved rendering: خُداوند
Transliteration: Khudāwand
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: مالِک (owner/master, reserve for ordinary human authority contexts)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Philippians 2:11’s climactic confession (‘Jesus Christ is Lord’) is structurally identical to the Romans 10:9 salvation confession and must be rendered identically, unqualified. Never softened toward a venerated Sufi pir.
Father
Approved rendering: باپت
Transliteration: bāpath
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:2, 2:11 (‘to the glory of God the Father’ — the Son’s exaltation and worship glorify, not rival, the Father), 4:20.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: پاک روح
Transliteration: pāk rūḥ
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: روح القدس (Ruh al-Qudus, an Arabic Quranic phrase mainstream Islamic exegesis identifies with the angel Gabriel, not a divine Person; never use interchangeably without explicit distinction)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:19 (‘the help of the Spirit’), 2:1 (‘participation in the Spirit’, the Trinitarian ground of church unity), 3:3 (‘worship by the Spirit of God’). Always use in full.
Grace
Approved rendering: فضل
Transliteration: faz’l
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: شکتی پات (Shaktipat, the Kashmir Shaivite descent of divine power/grace, never use as a substitute), رحم (mercy in the general Islamic sense, use only as a supporting synonym, never a replacement)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:2 (greeting), 1:7, and notably 1:29 where suffering itself is described as ‘granted’ (ἐχαρίσθη, sharing the χάρις root) — this suffering-as-grace-gift pairing must be preserved in teaching notes even though Kashmiri cannot reproduce the wordplay directly.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: راستبازی
Transliteration: rāstbāzī
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: تقویٰ (piety/God-consciousness, an Islamic virtue achieved through disciplined practice, too works-oriented)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:11 and, decisively, 3:9’s direct contrast of ‘a righteousness of my own that comes from the law’ versus ‘the righteousness from God that depends on faith’ — the clearest Pauline restatement outside Romans of this doctrine.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: دِتمُت راستبازی
Transliteration: ditmut rāstbāzī
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: حاصل کرمُت راستبازی (earned righteousness, the explicit rejected opposite)
Original: δικαιοσύνη … ἐπὶ τῇ πίστει
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Php 3:9 is the key text. No parallel in Islamic deeds-weighing soteriology or Trika’s self-recognition framework; must be explicitly taught exactly as in the Romans baseline.
Salvation
Approved rendering: نجات
Transliteration: najāt
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: جنت (paradise as a destination, never a stand-alone gloss for salvation itself), موکش (moksha-style liberation, never use for Kashmir Shaivite readers), پرتیبھِجنا (pratyabhijna, self-recognition of one’s own innate divinity in Trika philosophy, never use as a substitute)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:19 (genuinely ambiguous between temporal deliverance from imprisonment and final salvation — flag for review), 1:28, 2:12 (‘work out your own salvation with fear and trembling’, must be taught immediately alongside 2:13 ‘for it is God who works in you’), 3:20 (Savior title). Same dual-audience cautions apply throughout.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: مُردٕن پؠٹھ زندٕ تھِیُن
Transliteration: murdan pyeṭh zinda thyun
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐξανάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Php 3:10-11 uses the rare intensified compound ἐξανάστασις (found nowhere else in Paul); render identically to this baseline term, do not create a separate rendering. Also underlies 2:9’s exaltation logic and 3:21’s hope of bodily transformation.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: خُدا منش رُوپ منز آمت
Transliteration: Khudā manūsh rūp manz āmat
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: اوتار (avatar, a Vaishnava-style deity-descent, never use)
Original: μορφὴν δούλου λαβών, ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων γενόμενος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package as the anchor rendering, extended in Php 2:6-8 with dedicated kenosis-specific sub-terms (see form_essential_nature, harpagmos, kenosis, likeness_of_men, outward_form below). Never اوتار.
Apostle
Approved rendering: رسول
Transliteration: rasūl
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: پیغمبر (prophet, a distinct office, avoid conflating)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, though notably NOT used by Paul of himself in Php 1:1 — he uses δοῦλος instead, a deliberate contrast with Romans 1:1 that must be flagged as a model of humility, not a demotion of his actual apostolic authority (cf. Php 2:25 using this Greek term of Epaphroditus in a lower, ‘messenger’ sense).
Form Of A Servant Christ
Approved rendering: غلامَن رُوپ
Transliteration: ghulāman rūp
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Rejected alternatives: خادم (too soft; reserved for Paul’s own self-designation, 1:1)
Original: μορφὴν δούλου
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:7. Requires the strongest available Kashmiri slave-term (غلام) rather than خادم to preserve Paul’s rhetorical shock. Risk of being read as ‘Christ became what every human already is by nature’ (ʿabd Allah) rather than Paul’s actual point: the eternally divine Son, who owed no such status, freely and unnecessarily assumed slave-nature not properly his own. Must be taught explicitly, not left implicit.
Form Essential Nature
Approved rendering: رُوپ
Transliteration: rūp
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Original: μορφή
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, built on the root رُوپ already present in the baseline’s incarnation compound. Php 2:6-7. The single most theologically load-bearing word in the hymn, used of both ‘the form of God’ and ‘the form of a servant.’ Must be kept lexically distinct from σχῆμα (صورت, outward appearance) throughout. Directly confronts mainstream Islamic Tawhid theology and Kashmir Shaivism’s monism, where ‘form’ more naturally suggests impersonal spanda self-manifestation rather than a personal, eternal Son possessing a distinct divine nature.
Equality With God
Approved rendering: خُدا برابر
Transliteration: Khudā barābar
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Sonship of Christ (Form of God, Equality with God)
Original: ἴσα θεῷ
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:6. States plainly what ‘form of God’ implies. Ties directly to the baseline’s deity_of_christ and sonship_of_christ doctrines; must be taught into directly per the baseline’s instruction never to soften Sonship/Deity claims to avoid Tawhid conflict.
Harpagmos
Approved rendering: زبردستی پکڑ رکھنُک شے
Transliteration: zabardastī pakad rakhanuk shay
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Rejected alternatives: a single noun compression (rejected — always render as a full descriptive clause)
Original: ἁρπαγμός
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, descriptive phrase required. Php 2:6. Mistranslating this as ‘something Christ did not yet have but might have grasped at’ opens the door to an adoptionist reading that converges dangerously with mainstream Islamic Christology (Isa as an exalted but created prophet). Rendering and teaching notes must make clear Christ already possessed equality with God and voluntarily declined to exploit it.
Kenosis
Approved rendering: پننہٕ آپ خالی کرِتھ
Transliteration: pananhe āp khāli karith
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Rejected alternatives: a transliterated ‘kenosis’ loanword (rejected — communicates nothing to a general readership without extensive gloss)
Original: ἑαυτὸν ἐκένωσεν
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:7. The single highest-stakes rendering decision in Philippians. Must explicitly guard against historic kenoticist heresy (that the eternal Son divested himself of divine attributes or ceased to be fully God). Correct doctrine: Christ remained fully God while becoming fully man — emptying by addition of humanity/servanthood, not subtraction of deity. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence, no exceptions.
Cross
Approved rendering: صلیب
Transliteration: saleeb
Doctrine: The Historical Reality of Christ’s Death on the Cross
Original: σταυρός
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, not present in the baseline Romans package. Php 2:8. Mainstream Sunni interpretation of Quran 4:157 holds that Jesus was not actually crucified (‘it was made to appear so to them’), a doctrine well known to Kashmiri Muslim readers given the strength of regional Islamic religious education. Must never be softened, generalized, or left ambiguous — the entire humiliation-to-exaltation logic of the hymn (2:9, ‘therefore’) depends on the reality of this death.
Name Above Every Name
Approved rendering: سٲری ناوَن پؠٹھ بلند ناو دِنہ
Transliteration: sāri nāwan peth buland nāw dinah
Doctrine: Deity and Divine Sonship of Christ (Form of God, Equality with God)
Original: τὸ ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:9. The divine name/title (κύριος) graciously granted to the incarnate, obedient, crucified Son, echoing Isaiah 45:23’s exclusive divine confession. Directly entails the deity of Christ; must be taught plainly, never softened.
Every Knee Bow Tongue Confess
Approved rendering: ہر گوڈ نمُن / ہر زبانہٕ اقرار کرُن
Transliteration: har gōd namun / har zabāne iqrār karun
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ and Universal Worship
Rejected alternatives: a respect-only/honorific gloss (rejected — must preserve full worship-force)
Original: πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ / πᾶσα γλῶσσα ἐξομολογήσηται
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:10-11. A direct, unavoidable Tawhid/shirk flashpoint — universal worship commanded toward Jesus by name, an act reserved exclusively for Allah in mainstream Islamic theology. Must be taught into explicitly, never rendered as mere honorific respect for a great prophet.
Citizenship In Heaven
Approved rendering: آسمانہٕ ہنٛز شہریت
Transliteration: āsmāne hanz shehriyat
Doctrine: Citizenship in Heaven
Rejected alternatives: bare شہریت without the آسمانہٕ (heavenly) qualifier (rejected — reads as a contemporary political/national claim)
Original: πολίτευμα / πολιτεύεσθε
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM. Php 1:27, 3:20. Requires the same acute regional-political sensitivity the baseline already flags for ‘kingdom of God’ and ‘peace’ language, given Kashmir’s decades-long, unresolved contested-sovereignty history. Teaching material must state explicitly, at first use, that this is not a claim about earthly political status, nationality, statehood, or the region’s own sovereignty questions.
Savior
Approved rendering: نجات دِنہٕ وٲلہ
Transliteration: najāt dinu wāla
Doctrine: Christ as Coming Savior
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM, built on the baseline نجات root. Php 3:20. Same dual-audience cautions apply as the baseline’s salvation doctrine — must be taught against both a deeds-weighing paradise-entry framework and a pratyabhijna self-recognition framework, now applied to Christ’s title and future return.
Contentment
Approved rendering: قناعت
Transliteration: qanāʿat
Doctrine: Contentment in All Circumstances
Rejected alternatives: unqualified قناعت framed purely as ascetic renunciation/self-mastery (rejected — permitted only WITH the Christ-dependence qualifier of v.13 attached at first occurrence and referenced thereafter)
Original: αὐτάρκης / αὐτάρκεια
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 4:11-13. قناعت is one of the most highly esteemed virtues in the Kashmiri Rishi Sufi devotional tradition, closely associated with the ascetic simplicity and detachment embodied by Nund Rishi and Lal Ded. Paul’s contentment is learned (v.11) yet its power is not self-generated but comes from Christ’s indwelling strength (v.13) — relational dependence on a specific, personal Lord, not ascetic self-mastery achieved as a spiritual attainment in itself.
High Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: خُدا
Transliteration: Khudā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Used throughout Philippians 1-4; Php 2:6 (‘form of God’) gives this term its sharpest Christological load in the curriculum. Must remain explicitly Trinitarian and Christ-centered.
Faith
Approved rendering: ایمان
Transliteration: īmān
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: یقین (certainty/conviction, too intellectual/impersonal alone)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:25, 1:27 (‘faith of the gospel’), 3:9 (‘righteousness… through faith in Christ’). Object of faith (Christ specifically) must remain explicit.
Law
Approved rendering: شریعت
Transliteration: sharī’at
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Php 3:5-6, 3:9. Must distinguish the Mosaic Law’s specific redemptive-historical role from a comprehensive Sharia-style life-code, exactly as in the Romans baseline.
Gospel
Approved rendering: انجیل
Transliteration: Injīl
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: اچھی خبر (a plain descriptive gloss, acceptable only as an explanatory aside)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:5, 1:7, 1:12, 1:27. In Philippians the gospel is additionally the object of concrete ‘partnership’ (κοινωνία) — material and prayerful co-labor, not only proclamation.
Glory
Approved rendering: جلال
Transliteration: jalāl
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:11, 2:11 (‘to the glory of God the Father’), 3:19 (false glory in shame), 3:21, 4:19-20 (God’s provision tied to ‘his riches in glory’). Consistently anchored to God’s/Christ’s own self-existent glory.
Adoption
Approved rendering: خدا ہند فرزند بنٲوُن
Transliteration: Khudā hind farzand banāwun
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοθεσία (concept; τέκνα θεοῦ in Php 2:15)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Used in Php 2:15’s ‘children of God’ context when the full inheritance-rights sense is specifically in view (see children_of_god entry below for the simpler descriptive variant).
Called
Approved rendering: سَدہ گیہ
Transliteration: sada gyi
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: دعوت دِنہ (invited, too weak)
Original: κλητός / κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive; underlies Php 3:14’s ‘the upward call’ (see calling entry).
Calling
Approved rendering: سَدنُک
Transliteration: sadanuk
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: قسمت (fate/taqdir, use with caution)
Inherited from Romans package. Php 3:14, ‘the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus’; root for the new compound اُچھی سَدنُک (‘upward calling’) — see press_on_goal_prize_calling entry.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: خُدایُک قوت
Transliteration: Khudāyuk quwwat
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: شکتی (Shakti, associated with Kashmir Shaivism’s dynamic divine energy/Spanda concept, avoid as the primary term for Pandit-background readers)
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Php 4:13 (‘him who strengthens me’) — see strengthens_me entry for the built compound. Never شکتی.
Providence
Approved rendering: خُدایُک انتظام
Transliteration: Khudāyuk intizām
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: قسمت (fate/taqdir, use with caution)
Original: ὁ ἐνεργῶν ἐν ὑμῖν (cf. Php 2:13)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Php 2:13, the ground for 2:12’s command; must be taught together with 2:12 so ‘working out’ salvation is understood as the fruit of God’s prior working in, not independent human effort.
Saints
Approved rendering: پاک لوکہ
Transliteration: pāk lūkh
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ولی (a Sufi saint venerated at a shrine, never use for the corporate biblical sense)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:1, addressed to ‘all the saints in Christ Jesus.‘
Sin
Approved rendering: گناہ
Transliteration: gunāh
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία (implied throughout; not a frequent explicit term in Philippians)
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package; retained for consistency in teaching material even though Philippians uses the term less frequently than Romans. Underlies Paul’s contrast of his own righteousness (3:6) with the righteousness that comes from God (3:9).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: پاکیزگی
Transliteration: pākīzagī
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός (concept; cf. Php 1:9-11 ‘pure and blameless’)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:9-11, love increasing ‘in knowledge and all discernment’ toward being ‘pure and blameless’ at the day of Christ.
Slave Servant Paul
Approved rendering: خادم
Transliteration: khādim
Doctrine: Servanthood of Believers and Church Ministry Offices
Rejected alternatives: غلام (reserved exclusively for Christ’s own kenotic self-humbling in 2:7, never used for Paul’s self-designation, to keep the two theologically distinct)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Php 1:1, Paul and Timothy’s self-designation. In mainstream Islamic anthropology, ʿabd/عبد (‘slave/servant of Allah’) is the foundational category for every human being (cf. common Kashmiri Muslim names Abdullah, Abdur Rahman). Paul’s δοῦλος is a voluntary, particular self-identification as Christ’s own possession — implying Christ’s own Lordship/deity — not a generic statement of universal creaturely status. Must be taught explicitly at first occurrence.
Likeness Of Men
Approved rendering: صورت (منشہ ہنٛز)
Transliteration: sūrat (manasha hanz)
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Original: ὁμοίωμα ἀνθρώπων
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:7. The bracketed qualifier ‘(منشہ ہنٛز)’ is mandatory at every occurrence to anchor this to genuine humanity, not mere resemblance — must not be read as suggesting mere appearance of humanity (a docetic reading that would also converge with mainstream Islamic theology’s tendency to treat Isa’s humanity as unproblematic precisely because it denies his deity).
Outward Form
Approved rendering: صورت
Transliteration: sūrat
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Original: σχῆμα
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, deliberately distinct lexically from رُوپ. Php 2:8. The Kashmiri glossary must maintain this essence/appearance distinction consistently, or the passage’s careful argument (essential deity and essential servanthood, made outwardly visible) collapses. Flag any segment where رُوپ and صورت are conflated.
Humbled Himself
Approved rendering: پننہٕ آپ عاجز بنٲوُن
Transliteration: pananhe āp ājiz banāwun
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἐταπείνωσεν ἑαυτόν
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, built on the عاجز root established for humility (2:3). Php 2:8. Christ’s active, voluntary self-lowering, deepening the self-emptying of 2:7 into obedient suffering; connects grammatically and thematically to 2:3’s عاجزی so readers see Christ as the pattern for commanded humility.
Humility
Approved rendering: عاجزی
Transliteration: ājizī
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: تواضع (tawāḍu’, the standard disciplined, self-cultivated Islamic humility virtue-term, rejected as primary rendering)
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνη
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 2:3, embodied supremely by Christ’s ταπείνωσις (2:8). Distinguish from Islamic تواضع, cultivated as an ongoing moral achievement; biblical humility here is patterned directly on Christ’s historical, once-for-all kenotic act. A footnote distinguishing the two is required at first occurrence.
Obedient
Approved rendering: فرمانبردار
Transliteration: farmānbardār
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Original: ὑπήκοος
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, sharing its root with the baseline’s ایمانہ منز فرمانبرداری (‘obedience of faith’). Php 2:8, Christ’s obedience to the Father’s redemptive plan carried to the point of death.
Highly Exalted
Approved rendering: بلند تہٕ زیادہ بلند کرُن
Transliteration: buland tah zyāda buland karun
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ and Universal Worship
Original: ὑπερύψωσεν
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Php 2:9. God’s response to Christ’s obedient self-humbling; directly relates to and reinforces the baseline’s lordship_of_christ and deity_of_christ doctrines, should be taught alongside them, not as a separate, lesser category.
Joy
Approved rendering: خوشی
Transliteration: khushi
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Rejected alternatives: وجد (wajd, the Rishi Sufi tradition’s ecstatic mystical rapture attained through dhikr/spiritual discipline, rejected as a substitute)
Original: χαρά
Category: Faith
NEW TERM, establishes the book-wide rendering. Php 1:4,1:18,1:25,2:2,2:17-18,2:28-29,3:1,4:1,4:4,4:10. Grounded in union with Christ and the gospel’s advance, sustained even in imprisonment and suffering, not a cultivated mystical state.
Mindset
Approved rendering: خیال
Transliteration: khayāl
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: سوچ (soch, considered but rejected as primary term for lacking the same volitional-affective resonance)
Original: φρονέω
Category: Church
NEW TERM, the hinge-word of the whole letter (1:7, 2:2, 2:5, 3:15, 3:19, 4:2, 4:10). A merely intellectual gloss (opinion) would lose the volitional/affective weight. Must be rendered identically at every occurrence for structural consistency.
Love
Approved rendering: محبت
Transliteration: mohabbat
Doctrine: Love Grounded in Christ
Rejected alternatives: عشق (ʿishq, passionate mystical love for the Divine central to Lal Ded’s foundational Kashmiri devotional poetry, aimed at self-dissolution/union — explicitly rejected as a substitute)
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM, not in the baseline Romans glossary. Php 1:9, 2:1-2. Must be taught as self-giving, others-oriented love expressed supremely in a historical act (Christ’s incarnation and death, 2:6-8), not an ecstatic inward mystical experience.
Suffering
Approved rendering: دُکھ سہِن
Transliteration: dukh sahun
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: πάσχειν
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Php 1:29-30. Suffering for Christ is described as a gift (ἐχαρίσθη, sharing the χάρις/grace root); this grace-suffering pairing should be preserved in teaching notes even where the Kashmiri rendering cannot reproduce the Greek wordplay.
Struggle
Approved rendering: جدوجہد
Transliteration: jiddo-jehad
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: ἀγών
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Php 1:30. Flagged specifically because جدوجہد shares its root (ج-ہ-د) with جہاد (jihad), carrying strong militant/political associations given the region’s decades-long armed conflict. Paul’s ἀγών is shared inner and circumstantial perseverance of gospel proclamation under opposition, never armed or political struggle; this distinction must be stated plainly at every single occurrence, not merely first use.
Children Of God
Approved rendering: خُدایُک اولاد
Transliteration: Khudāyuk aulād
Doctrine: Adoption and Childship in God’s Family
Original: τέκνα θεοῦ
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM, descriptive variant of the baseline adoption compound. Php 2:15. Use the fuller compound (خدا ہند فرزند بنٲوُن) when the full inheritance-rights sense is specifically in view, per the baseline’s adoption doctrine notes on Islamic law’s kafala-only, non-lineage-changing approach to adoption.
Sacrifice
Approved rendering: قربانی
Transliteration: qurbānī
Doctrine: Sacrificial Service and Offering Metaphor
Original: θυσία
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Php 2:17, 4:18. قربانی is heavily associated in regional Islamic practice with Eid al-Adha’s literal animal sacrifice; teaching notes must clarify Paul’s entirely metaphorical, non-ritual use, and that Christ’s own sacrifice (implicit at 2:8) is the only atoning sacrifice anywhere in view in this letter.
Circumcision
Approved rendering: ختنہ
Transliteration: khatna
Doctrine: True Circumcision and Worship by the Spirit
Original: περιτομή
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Php 3:2-3. Shared term with the customary Islamic practice (sunnah-based, not itself soteriologically required in mainstream Islamic theology, unlike its covenantal role in Judaism). Teaching notes must clarify Paul’s specific redefinition — true circumcision is inward and Spirit-worked — avoiding both a Judaizing misreading and any assumption this critiques the unrelated Islamic customary practice.
Knowledge Of Christ
Approved rendering: علم
Transliteration: ʿilm
Doctrine: Surpassing Worth of Knowing Christ
Rejected alternatives: معرفت (maʿrifat, the Sufi term for experiential/mystical gnosis of the Divine central to Rishi spiritual attainment, explicitly rejected as a substitute)
Original: γνῶσις τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Php 3:8. معرفت would suggest Christ is known through a graduated mystical path rather than the relational, faith-based, already-accomplished union described in 3:9 (‘found in him… through faith’). علم is preferred precisely because it is the less mystically resonant term; translators must resist reaching for معرفت for a false sense of theological depth.
Mature Perfect
Approved rendering: کامل
Transliteration: kāmil
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Rejected alternatives: انسانِ کامل framing (Insān-i-Kāmil, the Sufi ‘Perfect Human’ who has attained complete mystical unity with the Divine — کامل permitted only WITH the provisional/not-yet-attained qualifier from 3:12 attached every time, never as a claim of final attainment)
Original: τέλειος
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 3:12, 3:15. Teaching notes must state explicitly that Paul’s usage is self-consciously provisional and incomplete (‘not that I have already attained… but I press on’), the opposite of a claimed final mystical attainment, grounded in Christ’s upward call rather than a completed inward realization.
Press On Goal Prize Calling
Approved rendering: دوڑنہٕ ادامت رکھُن / منزل / اِنعام / اُچھی سَدنُک
Transliteration: dohdane adāmat rakhun / manzil / inʿām / uchi sadanuk
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: διώκω / σκοπός / βραβεῖον / ἡ ἄνω κλῆσις
Category: Faith
NEW TERM, built on the baseline سَدنُک root for the ‘upward call.’ Php 3:12-14. اِنعام (prize/reward) shares vocabulary with Islamic devotional reward-for-deeds language; teaching notes must clarify this is the singular prize of full, final fellowship with Christ at the resurrection, not a cumulative merit-based reward system.
Conformed
Approved rendering: ہمرُوپ بننہٕ
Transliteration: hamrūp banane
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ and Bodily Resurrection Hope
Original: συμμορφιζόμενος / σύμμορφον
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, built on the established رُوپ root, deliberately echoing μορφή in 2:6-7. Php 3:10, 3:21. Teaching notes should make the literary/theological link back to the core passage’s kenosis hymn explicit.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: امن
Transliteration: amn
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:2, 4:7 (‘the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding’), 4:9. Retain baseline caution: heavy political resonance given the region’s decades-long conflict.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: رفاقت
Transliteration: rifāqat
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; risk raised from the baseline’s general Low rating to Medium in Philippians because 1:5’s ‘partnership in the gospel’ and 4:14-16’s ‘giving and receiving’ add a concrete financial/material co-laboring dimension not emphasized in Romans.
Church
Approved rendering: کلیسیا
Transliteration: kalīsiyā
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: مسجد (mosque, never use), مندر (temple, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Php 3:6 (Paul’s former persecution of the church), 4:15 (‘no church shared with me’).
Israel
Approved rendering: اسرائیل
Transliteration: Isrā’īl
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Php 3:5, Paul’s Israelite lineage claim, part of the credentials he counts as loss. Note contemporary political sensitivity around the proper name.
Overseer
Approved rendering: نگہبان
Transliteration: nigahbān
Doctrine: Servanthood of Believers and Church Ministry Offices
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Php 1:1. Must not be conflated with پیر (a venerated Sufi spiritual master in the Rishi tradition) or any Islamic clerical title; this is a functional, ordinary church office of oversight, not a spiritual-authority hierarchy.
Deacon
Approved rendering: خدمتگار
Transliteration: khidmatgār
Doctrine: Servanthood of Believers and Church Ministry Offices
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Php 1:1. A functional office of service, distinct from any devotional or ascetic status associated with Sufi orders.
Selfish Ambition
Approved rendering: خودغرضی
Transliteration: khud-gharzī
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἐριθεία
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 1:17, 2:3. The opposite disposition to the humility Paul commends.
Empty Conceit
Approved rendering: خالی غرور
Transliteration: khāli ghuroor
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: κενοδοξία
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 2:3. Deliberately rendered to preserve the ‘empty’ (خالی) root shared with κενόω (2:7, kenosis), so the Greek wordplay between human empty conceit and Christ’s genuine self-emptying is not lost. Do not ‘correct’ the apparent repetition.
Affection Compassion
Approved rendering: دِلی ہمدردی تہٕ رحم
Transliteration: dilī hamdardī tah rahm
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: σπλάγχνα καὶ οἰκτιρμοί
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 2:1. رحم is used here strictly in its ordinary compassion sense, not as a soteriological substitute for فضل (grace), per the baseline’s existing caution about رحم.
Gain
Approved rendering: فائدہٕ
Transliteration: fāida
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: κέρδος
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM. Php 1:21, ‘to live is Christ, and to die is gain.’ Must be carefully framed so as not to reinforce a deeds-weighing soteriology, as if death itself ‘earns’ a reward; the gain is Christ himself.
Service Ministry
Approved rendering: خدمت
Transliteration: khidmat
Doctrine: Sacrificial Service and Offering Metaphor
Original: λειτουργία
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Php 2:17, 2:30. A genuine point of contact with khidmat-e-khalq (‘service to humanity’) ethics valued in both mainstream Islamic ethics and the Rishi Sufi tradition; the distinctly Christ-centered motivation (‘for your faith,’ not general humanitarian service) must be made explicit.
Rubbish
Approved rendering: کچرٕ
Transliteration: kachr
Doctrine: Surpassing Worth of Knowing Christ
Rejected alternatives: نجاست (the Islamic ritual-impurity term, deliberately avoided since it would import a specific ritual-purity category foreign to Paul’s rhetorical point)
Original: σκύβαλα
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 3:8. The coarse rhetorical force of Paul’s vehement rejection of his prior religious credentials must not be softened into a mild term like ‘loss’ alone.
Strengthens Me
Approved rendering: طاقت دِنہٕ وٲلہ
Transliteration: tāqat dinu wāla
Doctrine: Contentment in All Circumstances
Rejected alternatives: شکتی (Kashmir Shaivite dynamic divine-energy concept, forbidden per baseline)
Original: ἐνδυναμοῦντι
Category: God
NEW TERM, built on the baseline خُدایُک قوت root. Php 4:13. Must be explicitly linked in teaching notes to the baseline’s caution against شکتی; the strength in view is personal, relational empowerment by Christ, not an impersonal cosmic energy.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: شکر
Transliteration: shukur
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστῶ
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Php 1:3-4, 4:6. Standard vocabulary with genuine positive resonance with Islamic gratitude-to-Allah devotion.
Exhort
Approved rendering: حوصلہ دِنہ
Transliteration: ḥauslah dinah
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Php 4:2 (Paul entreats Euodia and Syntyche toward unity).
Belly Idiom
Approved rendering: پیٚٹھ
Transliteration: peth
Doctrine: Citizenship in Heaven
Original: κοιλία
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM. Php 3:19, ‘their god is their belly.’ Rendered literally with an explanatory note on the idiom, per the AI Translation Requirements’ idiom-handling guidance; contrasted with true citizenship in heaven.
Anxious
Approved rendering: پریشان
Transliteration: pareshān
Doctrine: The Peace of God and Freedom from Anxiety
Original: μεριμνάω
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Php 4:6, ‘do not be anxious about anything.’ Connected thematically to the contentment doctrine of chapter 4.
Giving And Receiving
Approved rendering: دِنہٕ تہٕ حاصل کرنہٕ ہنٛز حساب
Transliteration: dinu tah hāsil karanu hanz hisāb
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: δόσις καὶ λήμψις
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Php 4:15. A technical commercial bookkeeping phrase reinforcing the concrete, material dimension of κοινωνία εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον (1:5) — this partnership includes real financial support.
Referenced passages