Semantic Analysis

Several Kashmiri terms in this Language Package carry a narrower, broader, or already-settled-but-different semantic range compared to their English source word, which affects how consistently they can be used across contexts.

Narrower-than-English terms

• پاک لوکہ (saints): English “saints” can informally mean “especially holy people,” but پاک لوکہ must be used for all believers corporately (Romans 1:7), never for a specialist religious elite — a narrowing risk sharpened by the existing category of wali (a Sufi saint venerated at a shrine in the Rishi tradition), which names something genuinely different.
• سَدہ گیہ / سَدنُک (called/calling): the same English word “called” covers at least three distinct senses in Romans (called to apostleship in 1:1, called to be saints in 1:7, and effectual calling to salvation in 8:28-30). The Kashmiri rendering is context-sensitive and must be checked against which sense is active in each verse.

Terms whose range is already fixed by Islamic theology and must be worked around, not assumed

• روح القدس (Ruh al-Qudus): this is not simply a “broader” term needing narrowing — mainstream Islamic exegesis already assigns it a specific, different referent (the angel Gabriel). This Language Package’s پاک روح rendering exists specifically to avoid inheriting that fixed prior meaning.
• رسول (rasul, apostle): already fixed in Islamic usage as Muhammad’s specific title; applying it to Paul requires explicit re-scoping at first use, not silent reuse.

Terms whose range differs across this curriculum’s two audiences

• فضل (grace) and نجات (salvation): for a Muslim-background reader, these terms risk narrowing toward a deeds-weighing transactional sense; for a Trika-shaped Pandit reader, they risk broadening toward an already-immanent self-realization sense. The same Kashmiri word must be actively defended against two different directions of drift, not just one.

Implication

Where a Kashmiri term’s semantic range is already fixed by prior religious usage, or differs across this curriculum’s two audiences, the glossary’s notes field (see translation_memory.json) exists specifically to flag the mismatch for translators, so a term isn’t applied mechanically in a context its actual current usage doesn’t support.