Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Titus — English → Kashmiri
Curriculum: Titus
Core passage: Titus 2:11–3:8
Companion document: analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md
Status: Draft glossary for Phase 1. All Critical/High entries require human theologian review before Phase 2 translation memory finalization; Medium entries require native speaker review; Low entries require automated review only, per the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json risk-tier framework.
Legend:
- [TM-REUSE] — term already fixed in the baseline Romans
translation_memory.json; rendering reused exactly, no deviation permitted. - [NEW] — term first required for this Titus curriculum; proposed rendering below, pending theologian/native-speaker confirmation per risk tier.
A. Reused Baseline Terms Occurring in Titus
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Risk | First Occurrence (Titus) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | χάρις (charis) | فضل (faz’l) | Critical | 1:4, 2:11, 3:7, 3:15 | [TM-REUSE] Structurally central — grace “appears” (2:11) and “trains” (2:12); must resist both deeds-weighing and shaktipat framings per baseline. |
| faith | πίστις (pistis) | ایمان (īmān) | High | 1:1, 1:4, 1:13, 2:2, 3:8, 3:15 | [TM-REUSE] Object must remain Christ/gospel-specific, not generic confessional submission. |
| righteousness | δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) | راستبازی (rāstbāzī) | Critical | 2:12 (δικαίως), 3:5 | [TM-REUSE] Never a moral-achievement gloss; forensic standing only. |
| justification / justified | δικαιόω (dikaioō) | راستباز ٹھہرایہ گیہ (rāstbāz ṭharāyi gyi) | Critical | 3:7 | [TM-REUSE] The theological hinge of 3:4-7; must retain full forensic compound phrase. |
| salvation / save | σωτηρία / σῴζω (sōtēria / sōzō) | نجات (najāt) | Critical | 2:11 (σωτήριος), 3:5 | [TM-REUSE] Distinguish from Jannah-by-deeds and from pratyabhijna, per baseline. |
| apostle | ἀπόστολος (apostolos) | رسول (rasūl) | Critical | 1:1 | [TM-REUSE] Must distinguish Paul’s office from Muhammad’s specific title at first use. |
| election / elect | ἐκλεκτός (eklektos) | خُدایُک چُنٲوُن (root) | High | 1:1 | [TM-REUSE] Personal/relational, not qismat/taqdir. |
| holy | ἅγιος (hagios) | پاک (pāk) | High | (root, underlies purity terms 1:15, 2:14) | [TM-REUSE] Root reused for “purify”/“pure” — see new entries below. |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον (pneuma hagion) | پاک روح (pāk rūḥ) | Critical | 3:5 | [TM-REUSE] Explicit agent of regeneration/renewal; never Ruh al-Qudus-as-Gabriel framing. |
| Father | πατήρ (patēr) | باپت (bāpath) | Critical | 1:4 | [TM-REUSE] Paired here with “Savior” title for Christ; reinforces, does not compete with, Sonship doctrine. |
| glory | δόξα (doxa) | جلال (jalāl) | High | 2:13 | [TM-REUSE] Anchor to Christ’s own self-existent glory at the deity-of-Christ flashpoint verse. |
| peace | εἰρήνη (eirēnē) | امن (amn) | Medium | 1:4 | [TM-REUSE] Standard opening-greeting pairing with grace. |
| law | νόμος (nomos) | شریعت (sharī’at) | High | 3:9, 3:13 (νομικός) | [TM-REUSE] Distinguish 3:9’s Mosaic-law quarrels from 3:13’s civil “lawyer” sense (νομικός). |
| God | θεός (theos) | خُدا (Khudā) | High/Critical | throughout | [TM-REUSE] Applied to both Father and Son via shared “Savior” title (2:13) — reinforce Trinitarian framing. |
| Jesus / Christ | Ἰησοῦς Χριστός (Iēsous Christos) | یِسوع / مسیح (Yisū’ / Masīḥ) | Critical | throughout | [TM-REUSE] Never عیسیٰ for Jesus; مسیح shared-vocabulary caution per baseline messiah entry applies. |
| prophet | προφήτης (prophētēs) | پیغمبر (paighambar) | Medium | 1:12 | [TM-REUSE] Ironic reference to a pagan Cretan poet (Epimenides) — note this is not a biblical prophet; avoid implying otherwise. |
| exhort | παρακαλέω (parakaleō) | حوصلہ دِنہ (ḥauslah dinah) | Low | 1:9, 2:6, 2:15 | [TM-REUSE] Context-sensitive per baseline; here mostly encouragement/urging sense. |
| covenant/promise | ἐπαγγέλλομαι root (cf. عہد) | عہد / وعدہ (‘ahd / wa’dah) | Medium | 1:2 | [TM-REUSE root] “Promised before the ages” — ties to God’s unchanging, non-corruptible word (see ἀψευδὴς θεός below). |
B. New Terms Required for Titus
Christology / Trinitarian Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | σωτήρ (sōtēr) | نجات دِنہٕ وٲلہ | najāt dinh wālah | Critical | 1:3 | Titus’s substitute Christological title for the absent κύριος; applied to both Father (1:3, 3:4) and Son (1:4, 2:13, 3:6), directly asserting shared divine identity — 2:13’s Granville Sharp construction makes this the book’s sharpest deity-of-Christ flashpoint, comparable to Romans 9:5. |
| appeared (verb) | ἐπιφαίνω (epiphainō) | ظٲہر گیہ | zāhir gyi | High | 2:11 | Must be taught as one historical, objective event, not an ongoing mystical unveiling. |
| appearing (noun) | ἐπιφάνεια (epiphaneia) | ظہور | zuhūr | High | 2:13 | Collides with the Shi’a Islamic eschatological term for the Mahdi’s awaited zuhur; content differs sharply and must be taught explicitly, not left as shared vocabulary. |
| manifested his word | ἐφανέρωσεν τὸν λόγον (ephanerōsen ton logon) | پننہٕ کلام ظٲہر کرُن | panin kalām zāhir karun | High | 1:3 | کلام carries independent Islamic theological weight (Kalām Allāh = the Qur’an; ‘ilm al-kalām = scholastic theology); must be anchored to the gospel message, not implied to anticipate the Qur’an. |
| God who never lies | ἀψευδὴς θεός (apseudēs theos) | خُدا یُس کہٕن جھوٹ نہٕ بولہٕ | Khudā yus kihn jhūṭh na bolah | Medium-High | 1:2 | Apologetic point of contact against the Islamic tahrif doctrine (scriptural corruption); God’s own character guarantees his word’s reliability. |
Salvation / Grace-Works Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | رحم | raḥm | High | 3:5 | Distinct from grace; must not be read through Islamic deeds-weighed-mercy soteriology, where رحمت is the compassionate side of a deeds-scale — here mercy and grace together exclude deeds-weighing altogether. |
| redeem | λυτρόω (lytroō) | رِہائی دِنہٕ | rihā’ī dinh | Critical | 2:14 | Atonement/ransom term of equal weight to Romans 3:25’s propitiation (already flagged Critical in baseline escalation rules); price-paid substitutionary sense must not be flattened to generic “help/rescue.” |
| good works | καλὰ/ἀγαθὰ ἔργα (kala/agatha erga) | نیک کٲم | nek kām | Critical | 2:14, 2:7, 2:10, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14 | نیک اعمال is the operative currency of mainstream Islamic deeds-weighing soteriology; Titus’s fruit-not-root argument (works flow from grace already given, 3:5/3:8) must be taught explicitly at every occurrence — the single highest-stakes recurring term-pair in the book. |
| washing | λουτρόν (loutron) | پاک نہٕلاوُن | pāk nhalāwun | Critical | 3:5 | Must never be rendered غسل or وضو (Islamic ritual ablution categories); this names an inward Spirit-wrought transformation symbolized by washing, not a repeatable ritual-eligibility rite. |
| regeneration | παλιγγενεσία (palingenesia) | نوی روحانی پیدایش | nawi rūḥānī paidā’ish | Critical | 3:5 | Not present in the Romans baseline at all. Must never suggest reincarnation-style repeatable rebirth (per the baseline resurrection caution). For Trika-shaped readers, must be taught as creating new spiritual life, not revealing an already-present dormant divinity (pratyabhijna). |
| renewal | ἀνακαίνωσις (anakainōsis) | روحانی تازگی | rūḥānī tāzagī | High | 3:5 | تجدید (the Islamic “renewal-reformer” term) rejected — would wrongly imply restoration of an existing law-code rather than the Spirit’s fresh inward transformation. |
| poured out | ἐκχέω (ekcheō) | وَسنہٕ دِنہٕ | wasnah dinh | High | 3:6 | Must be distinguished from Kashmir Shaivism’s shaktipat (impersonal power-transmission/awakening); this is the personal Holy Spirit personally, abundantly given through Christ. |
| heir | κληρονόμος (klēronomos) | وارِث | wāris | High | 3:7 | وارث is anchored in Islamic inheritance law (fara’id)‘s narrow, fixed-share kinship categories; believers’ full, unrestricted inheritance-rights status by grace runs against this and must be taught explicitly, cross-referencing the baseline’s adoption doctrine. |
| hope | ἐλπίς (elpis) | اُمید | umīd | Medium-High | 1:2, 2:13, 3:7 | Neutral shared vocabulary, but content (a personal Christ’s future return/inheritance) must be distinguished from generalized deeds-weighed paradise-hope and from Trika’s self-recognition framing. |
| eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios) | ہمیشہ ہنٛز زندگی | hamesha hanz zindagi | Critical | 1:2, 3:7 | Must be distinguished from three distinct frames: Islamic جنت-as-deeds-reward, Hindu/Trika mokṣa-style liberation from rebirth-cycles, and Trika’s pratyabhijna self-recognition. |
| lawlessness | ἀνομία (anomia) | شریعتہ خلاف ورزی | sharī’at khilāf-warzī | Medium | 2:14 | Builds on established شریعت root; low ambiguity once anchored. |
Godliness / Character Formation Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| godliness | εὐσέβεια (eusebeia) | خُداترسی | khudā-tarsī | High | 1:1, 2:12 | Parallels the baseline’s رejection of تقویٰ for “righteousness”; godliness here is grace’s fruit, never its earning means, unlike Islamic تقویٰ as a disciplined, merit-accruing virtue. تقویٰ must never substitute. |
| ungodliness | ἀσέβεια (asebeia) | بے خُداترسی | be-khudā-tarsī | Medium | 2:12 | Negated form of the above; low ambiguity once godliness is anchored. |
| training/disciplines | παιδεύω (paideuō) | تربیت دِنہٕ | tarbiyat dinh | High | 2:12 | تربیت is heavily loaded in regional Islamic religious education and Sufi Rishi discipline; must be taught as flowing from grace already given, not a human/master-led path toward earning grace. |
| self-controlled / sober-minded | σώφρων / σωφρόνως (sōphrōn / sōphronōs) | ضبط نفس | zabt-e-nafs | High | 2:12, 1:8, 2:2, 2:5, 2:6 | ضبط نفس (“mastery of the nafs”) is a major, actively practiced Sufi Rishi ascetic category; must be taught as Spirit-produced fruit, not an ascetic achievement earning standing. |
| worldly passions | κοσμικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι (kosmikai epithymiai) | دُنیاوی خواہشات | dunyāwī khwāhishāt | Medium | 2:12 | Standard dunyawi/dini contrast term, low ambiguity. |
| purify / pure | καθαρίζω / καθαρός (katharizō / katharos) | پاک کرُن / پاک | pāk karun / pāk | High | 2:14, 1:15 | Reuses established پاک (holy) root rather than صاف (ritual cleanliness), per baseline’s own holy-entry caution; this is moral purification, not ritual ablution eligibility. |
| defiled | μιαίνω (miainō) | ناپاک | nāpāk | High | 1:15 | Antonym-pair with پاک above; same ritual-purity caution applies in reverse. |
| conscience | συνείδησις (syneidēsis) | ضمیر | zamīr | Medium | 1:15 | Widely shared, cross-religious vocabulary; reinforces universal_human_accountability doctrine. |
| kindness / loving-kindness | χρηστότης / φιλανθρωπία (chrēstotēs / philanthrōpia) | مہربانی / انسان دوستی | mehrbānī / insān-dostī | Medium | 3:4 | Must be anchored as God’s initiating love, not a detached humanistic ideal. |
Church Office / Qualifications for Elders Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| elder (church office) | πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros) | کلیسیایہ ہنٛز بزٗرگ | kalīsiyā hanz buzurg | Critical | 1:5 | بزرگ alone is a term of deep reverence for a venerated Sufi pir; the qualifying “کلیسیایہ ہنٛز” is mandatory to anchor this as an accountable, character-qualified local-church office, not a venerated holy man. |
| overseer / bishop | ἐπίσκοπος (episkopos) | کلیسیایہ ہنٛز نِگہبان | kalīsiyā hanz nigahbān | Critical | 1:7 | Must avoid Islamic clerical titles (imam, mufti, qazi, pir); used interchangeably with πρεσβύτερος for the same office in 1:5-7 — teach this interchangeability explicitly. |
| older man (natural age) | πρεσβύτης (presbytēs) | بزٗرگ عمر انسان | buzurg-‘umar insān | Medium | 2:2 | Must be kept distinct from the church-office term above via the added age-qualifier, or confusion is likely. |
| blameless | ἀνέγκλητος (anenklētos) | بے الزام | be-ilzām | Medium | 1:6, 1:7 | Sets the qualifications list’s tone; must not be softened. |
| husband of one wife | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ (mias gynaikos anēr) | اکہ زٲنانہ ہنٛز خٲوند | ikkh zanānah hanz khāwand | Critical | 1:6 | Stands in direct tension with Islamic law’s permission of up to four wives (Qur’an 4:3); must be taught directly as a specific NT church-office qualification, not a general polemic against the culture’s marriage practices — requires theologian-reviewed sensitivity. |
| servant/slave of God | δοῦλος θεοῦ (doulos theou) | خُدایُک بندہٕ | Khudāyuk bandah | Medium | 1:1 | بندہ is a common, positive Islamic devotional self-designation (echoing ‘abd Allāh) — genuine point of contact; anchor to Paul’s specific apostolic sending. |
| steward | οἰκονόμος (oikonomos) | خُدایُک مختار | Khudāyuk mukhtār | Medium | 1:7 | Distinct office-metaphor from نگہبان (overseer); low ambiguity once both are anchored. |
Sound Doctrine / Good Works Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sound doctrine | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία (hygiainousa didaskalia) | تندرست تعلیم | tandurust ta’līm | High | 1:9, 2:1 | صحیح تعلیم rejected — صحیح is the specific Islamic hadith-authentication term (isnad-verified tradition); تندرست (“healthy”) preserves Paul’s own health metaphor without importing a chain-of-transmission authentication framework. |
| trustworthy saying | πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (pistos ho logos) | اعتبار جوگ گٲل | i’tibār jog gāl | Low-Medium | 3:8 | Formulaic Pastoral Epistles refrain; render identically at every occurrence across the Pastorals for cross-document consistency. |
| confess / deny | ὁμολογέω / ἀρνέομαι (homologeō / arneomai) | اقرار کرُن / انکار کرُن | iqrār karun / inkār karun | High | 1:16 | اقرار structurally parallels the Islamic shahādah confession pattern — genuine point of contact, but must reinforce the baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession doctrine, and the warning against empty profession applies internally to the church, not polemically outward. |
Submission to Authority Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| submit / be subject | ὑποτάσσω (hypotassō) | فرمانبرداری کرُن | farmānbardārī karun | High | 2:5 (wives), 2:9 (slaves), 3:1 (citizens) | Reuses the baseline’s فرمانبرداری root (obedience_of_faith); must be taught consistently across all three contexts as voluntary, Christ-honoring order — never coerced submission, and never (civil sense) a specific political endorsement. |
| rulers / authorities | ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι (archai, exousiai) | حاکِم تہٕ اختیار | hākim ta ikhtiyār | High | 3:1 | Given Kashmir’s decades-long contested-sovereignty conflict (already flagged in the baseline for “kingdom”/“peace” language), teaching submission to “rulers and authorities” requires careful framing as general civic order under God’s sovereignty, never partisan political allegiance. |
Avoiding Divisive Controversies Terms
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | First Occurrence | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| divisive/factious person | αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος (hairetikos anthrōpos) | تفرقہ انداز شخص | tafraqa-andāz shakhs | High | 3:10 | بدعتی (Islamic “innovator”) and کافر (“unbeliever”) both rejected as importing distinct and more severe foreign categories; given Kashmir’s own intra-religious tension history, this church-discipline term requires sensitivity-reviewed framing as strictly internal, never a license for inter-communal exclusion rhetoric. |
| foolish controversies/genealogies/quarrels about the law | ζητήσεις, γενεαλογίαι, μάχαι νομικαί | بے فٲیدہٕ بحث، نسل نامہٕ، شریعتی جھگڑہٕ | be-fā’idah baḥth, naslnāmah, sharī’atī jhagṛah | Medium | 3:9 | Given the region’s respected tradition of religious legal disputation (fiqh), must be framed as warning against unprofitable, divisive speculation specifically, not against legitimate theological/legal reasoning. |
| Jewish myths | Ἰουδαϊκοῖς μύθοις (Ioudaikois mythois) | یہودی قِصہٕ کہانی | yahūdī qissa-kahānī | Medium | 1:14 | Distinguish from the tahrif (scriptural-corruption) concern — this addresses unwarranted extrabiblical addition, the opposite direction of concern. |
| commandments of men | ἐντολαῖς ἀνθρώπων (entolais anthrōpōn) | اِنسانی حکم | insānī ḥukm | Medium | 1:14 | Relevant to the baseline’s caution that شریعت must not be flattened into a comprehensive Sharia-style life-code; Paul criticizes human additions to revealed truth. |
Household Code / Social Ethics Terms (Low-Medium cluster)
| Term | Greek | Kashmiri Rendering | Risk | First Occurrence | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| slave / master | δοῦλος / δεσπότης | غلام / آقا | Medium | 2:9 | Teach within redemptive-historical household-code context; not an endorsement of slavery as an institution; sensitive given regional bonded-labor history. |
| blaspheme (interpersonal) | βλασφημέω | بدنامی کرُن | Medium | 3:2 | Distinct sense from the “word of God blasphemed” occurrence at 2:5 — keep separate. |
| blaspheme (God’s word discredited) | βλασφημέω | بدنام کرنہٕ | Medium-High | 2:5 | Missional-reputation concern; how conduct affects outsiders’ view of the gospel. |
| adorn (the doctrine) | κοσμέω | زینت دِنہٕ | Medium | 2:10 | Vivid missional metaphor; preserve rather than flatten. |
| example/model | τύπος | مثال | Low | 2:7 | Standard. |
| genuine child (spiritual) | γνήσιον τέκνον | سچُک فرزند | Low-Medium | 1:4 | Metaphorical spiritual fatherhood; distinct from and lower-stakes than literal adoption/Fatherhood-of-God baseline entries. |
C. Summary Risk Counts (New Titus Terms Only)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 10 | Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence) |
| High | 17 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 15 | Native speaker review |
| Low / Low-Medium | 10 | Automated / light native-speaker spot-check |
Critical new terms requiring mandatory theologian review at every occurrence: Savior (σωτήρ), redeem (λυτρόω), good works (καλὰ/ἀγαθὰ ἔργα), washing (λουτρόν), regeneration (παλιγγενεσία), heir (κληρονόμος), eternal life (ζωὴ αἰώνιος), elder (πρεσβύτερος), overseer (ἐπίσκοπος), husband of one wife (μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ).
This glossary must be merged into an extended translation_memory.json (Titus supplement) before Phase 2 translation begins, per the Pre-flight Checklist in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md. All Critical and High entries above require the same “Human theologian” review routing the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json assigns to comparable Romans terms.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: فضل
Transliteration: faz’l
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: شکتی پات (Shaktipat, Kashmir Shaivite descent of divine power/grace, never use), رحم (mercy, use only as a supporting synonym, never a replacement)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Titus 2:11-14 personifies grace as the acting, appearing, training subject, and 3:4-7 pairs it with mercy (رحم) to jointly and explicitly exclude works as the basis of salvation — this strengthens rather than alters the baseline’s Critical caution against both Islamic deeds-weighed mercy and Kashmir Shaivite shaktipat framings.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: راستبازی
Transliteration: rāstbāzī
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: تقویٰ (piety/God-consciousness, too works-oriented)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Also underlies the adverb ‘uprightly’ (δικαίως) at Titus 2:12. In Titus 3:5 this is precisely the category of works (‘works done in righteousness’) explicitly excluded as the basis of salvation — must never collapse into تقویٰ-style disciplined piety.
Justification
Approved rendering: راستباز ٹھہرایہ گیہ
Transliteration: rāstbāz ṭharāyi gyi
Doctrine: Heirship and Inheritance by Grace
Rejected alternatives: معافی (forgiveness alone, too narrow)
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Titus 3:7’s ‘being justified by his grace we might become heirs’ is the theological hinge connecting 3:4-7’s mercy/grace/regeneration argument to the inheritance claim that follows; retain the full compound phrase, never abbreviate to mere forgiveness.
Salvation
Approved rendering: نجات
Transliteration: najāt
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: جنت (paradise as a destination, never a stand-alone gloss), موکش (moksha-style liberation, never use for Kashmir Shaivite readers), پرتیبھِجنا (pratyabhijna, self-recognition of innate divinity, never use)
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Titus 2:11 describes grace itself as σωτήριος (‘bringing salvation’), and 3:5 states plainly this salvation is ‘not by works… but according to his mercy.’ Must not be conflated with Jannah-by-deeds-weighing or with pratyabhijna.
Apostle
Approved rendering: رسول
Transliteration: rasūl
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: پیغمبر (prophet, a distinct office, avoid conflating)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Paul identifies himself as رسول at Titus 1:1; must be explicitly distinguished at first use from Muhammad’s specific title Rasūlullāh and from the small set of major Quranic prophet-messengers who bear this title, exactly as the baseline requires for Romans.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: پاک روح
Transliteration: pāk rūḥ
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: روح القدس (Ruh al-Qudus, an Arabic Quranic phrase mainstream Islamic exegesis commonly identifies with the angel Gabriel; never use interchangeably without explicit distinction)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Titus 3:5 explicitly names the Holy Spirit as the agent of regeneration and renewal, and 3:6 as poured out abundantly through Christ — this reinforces, with new force, the baseline’s insistence that the Spirit is a full, personal divine Person, not an angelic messenger.
Father
Approved rendering: باپت
Transliteration: bāpath
Doctrine: Savior Christology and the Deity of Christ
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. At Titus 1:4, paired in the greeting formula with ‘Christ Jesus our Savior’ — this Father/Savior pairing reinforces rather than competes with the Sonship-of-Christ doctrine; teach both titles (Father, Savior) as belonging fully to Father and Son alike across Titus 1:3-4, 2:13, 3:4, 3:6.
God
Approved rendering: خُدا
Transliteration: Khudā
Doctrine: Savior Christology and the Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Titus, θεός and σωτήρ are applied jointly to both Father (1:3, 3:4) and Son (2:13), binding both under one saving title; consistently present خُدا in explicitly Trinitarian, Christ-centered terms with particular force at this book’s Savior-title flashpoints.
Jesus
Approved rendering: یِسوع
Transliteration: Yisū’
Doctrine: Savior Christology and the Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: عیسیٰ (the Quranic Arabic/Perso-Arabic form, reserve only for explicit interfaith-dialogue contexts)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used throughout Titus (1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6); never عیسیٰ, to avoid implying interchangeability with the Quranic figure.
Messiah
Approved rendering: مسیح
Transliteration: Masīḥ
Doctrine: Savior Christology and the Deity of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used repeatedly through Titus as part of the name ‘Christ Jesus’; the shared Quranic title must not be mistaken for shared doctrine, since mainstream Islamic theology denies the very deity, atoning death, and resurrection Titus explicitly affirms of this figure.
Savior
Approved rendering: نجات دِنہٕ وٲلہ
Transliteration: najāt dinh wālah
Doctrine: Savior Christology and the Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: خُداوند (Khudāwand, the baseline’s Romans ‘Lord’ term — rejected as a substitute since kyrios never occurs in Titus; Titus’s own christological vehicle is soter specifically and must not be silently conflated with or replaced by the Lord title)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
CRITICAL, new term, built on the established نجات (najāt) root. Titus’s substitute Christological title in place of the absent κύριος, applied six times to both God the Father (1:3, 3:4) and Jesus Christ (1:4, 2:13, 3:6). At 2:13’s Granville Sharp construction (‘our great God and Savior Jesus Christ’), one definite article binds both titles to Jesus Christ alone, asserting his deity as directly as Romans 9:5. Must never be softened into ‘God, and also our Savior’ as two separate referents.
Redeem
Approved rendering: رِہائی دِنہٕ
Transliteration: rihā’ī dinh
Doctrine: Redemption through Christ’s Self-Giving
Rejected alternatives: a generic ‘help/rescue’ gloss (rejected — flattens the price-paid substitutionary sense)
Original: λυτρόω
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL, new term. To ransom, to free by payment of a price; Christ ‘gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness’ (Titus 2:14), of equal doctrinal weight to Romans 3:25’s propitiation, already flagged for mandatory theologian review in the baseline. Must be explicitly distinguished from the general نجات (salvation) vocabulary as its specific costly mechanism.
Good Works
Approved rendering: نیک کٲم
Transliteration: nek kām
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: καλὰ / ἀγαθὰ ἔργα
Category: Sanctification
CRITICAL, new term, the single highest-stakes recurring term-pair in the book (Titus 1:16, 2:7, 2:10, 2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14). نیک اعمال is the operative currency of mainstream Islamic deeds-weighing soteriology, weighed on the mīzān at judgment. Titus 3:5’s ‘not by works’ and 3:8’s ‘devote themselves to good works’ must be taught together at every occurrence as fruit flowing from grace already received, never as a means or basis of salvation.
Washing
Approved rendering: پاک نہٕلاوُن
Transliteration: pāk nhalāwun
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: غسل (ghusl, full ritual ablution — never use), وضو (wuzu, partial ablution before Islamic prayer — never use)
Original: λουτρόν
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL, new term. A washing/bath; at Titus 3:5, the ‘washing of regeneration,’ outward-sign language for the Spirit’s inward cleansing act. Must never be rendered غسل or وضو, both precise, actively practiced Islamic ritual-purity categories entirely distinct from this inward, non-repeatable transformation. Built on established پاک root rather than صاف.
Regeneration
Approved rendering: نوی روحانی پیدایش
Transliteration: nawi rūḥānī paidā’ish
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Original: παλιγγενεσία
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL, new term absent from the Romans baseline entirely. ‘Again-birth’; the Holy Spirit’s decisive, one-time act of giving a genuinely new spiritual life/nature (Titus 3:5). Must never be heard as reincarnation-adjacent, a repeatable cycle of rebirth (per the baseline’s resurrection caution); for Trika-shaped Kashmiri Pandit readers, must be taught as the Spirit creating new spiritual life, not revealing an already-present dormant divine identity (pratyabhijna).
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: ہمیشہ ہنٛز زندگی
Transliteration: hamesha hanz zindagi
Doctrine: Eternal Life as Granted Inheritance
Rejected alternatives: جنت (Jannah/paradise as a deeds-weighed reward — never use as a substitute), موکش (moksha-style liberation from a rebirth-cycle — never use), پرتیبھِجنا (pratyabhijna, self-recognition — never use)
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
CRITICAL, new term. Life without end, belonging to the age to come; promised before the ages (1:2) and granted as an inheritance to those justified by grace (3:7). Must be distinguished from three distinct alternative frames: mainstream Islamic جنت, Hindu/Trika moksha, and Trika’s pratyabhijna. Titus ties eternal life directly to justification-by-grace and heirship, making explicit that it is a granted inheritance-status, not an earned destination or recovered self-awareness.
Elder
Approved rendering: کلیسیایہ ہنٛز بزٗرگ
Transliteration: kalīsiyā hanz buzurg
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: bare بزرگ (buzurg) alone — never use; defaults to a venerated Sufi pir honored at a shrine in the Rishi tradition
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church
CRITICAL, new term. A recognized local-church office-holder, subject to specific character qualifications (Titus 1:5-6), used interchangeably with ἐπίσκοπος for the same office at 1:5-7. The qualifying ‘کلیسیایہ ہنٛز’ (of the church) is mandatory at every occurrence to anchor this as a functional, accountable, character-qualified local-congregation office, never a venerated holy man honored at a shrine.
Overseer
Approved rendering: کلیسیایہ ہنٛز نِگہبان
Transliteration: kalīsiyā hanz nigahbān
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: امام (imam), مفتی (mufti), قاضی (qazi), پیر (pir) — all rejected as importing distinct Islamic clerical-authority structures
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church
CRITICAL, new term. An overseer/bishop; Titus 1:7 uses this interchangeably with πρεσβύτερος (1:5-6) for the same church office. نگہبان avoids specific Islamic clerical titles; must be taught alongside کلیسیایہ ہنٛز بزٗرگ as two names for one accountable office, not two distinct offices.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: اکہ زٲنانہ ہنٛز خٲوند
Transliteration: ikkh zanānah hanz khāwand
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: a vague ‘faithful in marriage’ softened paraphrase — rejected, would obscure the specific NT requirement
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ
Category: Church
CRITICAL, new term. ‘Husband of one wife,’ a specific elder/overseer marriage qualification (Titus 1:6). Stands in direct tension with mainstream Islamic law’s permission of up to four wives (Qur’an 4:3), a live, culturally normal practice regionally. Must be taught directly, per the baseline’s approach to Sonship of Christ, as a specific New Testament church-office qualification — never as a general polemic against the wider culture’s marriage practices. Requires theologian-reviewed, sensitive framing.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: ایمان
Transliteration: īmān
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: یقین (certainty/conviction, too intellectual/impersonal alone)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:1, 1:4, 1:13, 2:2, 3:8, 3:15; the object of trust (God/Christ’s finished work) must remain explicit, per Titus 3:8’s ‘those who have believed in God’ following directly from the 3:4-7 grace argument.
Election
Approved rendering: خُدایُک چُنٲوُن
Transliteration: Khudāyuk chunāwun
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: قسمت (fate, tied to taqdir, use with caution)
Original: ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (root), unchanged. Titus 1:1 grounds Paul’s apostleship in service ‘for the faith of God’s elect’; must remain personal and relational, not the more impersonal قسمت/taqdir (fate/predetermination) framing available in Islamic theology.
Holy
Approved rendering: پاک
Transliteration: pāk
Doctrine: A People Purified for God’s Own Possession
Rejected alternatives: صاف (physically clean, ritual-ablution sense, avoid as a substitute)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root reused throughout Titus for the purify/pure and defiled vocabulary at 1:15 and 2:14; صاف must remain reserved for physical/ritual cleanliness (wuzu), distinct from this root’s moral, relational set-apartness.
Glory
Approved rendering: جلال
Transliteration: jalāl
Doctrine: The Blessed Hope: Return of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. At Titus 2:13, ‘the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ’ at his appearing — must be anchored to Christ’s own self-existent glory precisely at this book’s sharpest deity-of-Christ flashpoint verse.
Law
Approved rendering: شریعت
Transliteration: sharī’at
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. At Titus 3:9, the object of ‘quarrels about the law’ Paul warns against avoiding, distinct from the civil-professional sense of νομικός (‘lawyer’) at 3:13 describing Zenas; footnote this distinction at every occurrence so the two senses are never confused.
Promise
Approved rendering: وعدہ
Transliteration: wa’dah
Doctrine: Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Original: ἐπαγγέλλομαι
Category: Covenant
New term for Titus, built on the established عہد (‘ahd, covenant) root. Titus 1:2: God’s binding pledge, given ‘before the ages,’ now made manifest in his word. Ties directly to the ἀψευδὴς θεός (‘God who never lies’) point, a quiet apologetic point of contact with the region’s tahrif concern over whether earlier scriptures can be trusted.
Appeared
Approved rendering: ظٲہر گیہ
Transliteration: zāhir gyi
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: ἐπιφαίνω
Category: Christology
New term. At Titus 2:11 (grace) and 3:4 (God’s kindness and love for mankind). Must be taught as a one-time, historical, objective event (the incarnation and gospel proclamation), not an ongoing mystical ‘unveiling’ available through devotional or ascetic practice. Uses ظاہر (zahir), already carrying theological weight in Islamic usage for divine manifestation.
Appearing
Approved rendering: ظہور
Transliteration: zuhūr
Doctrine: The Blessed Hope: Return of Christ
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Eschatology
New term. The visible, glorious future appearing/return of Jesus Christ (Titus 2:13). ظہور (zuhūr) is a live, actively taught Shi’a Islamic eschatological term for the awaited occultation-ending appearance of the Twelfth Imam/Mahdi, with wide cultural familiarity across South Asian Islamic discourse. Must be taught explicitly, never assumed as shared vocabulary: Titus 2:13 names the return of Jesus Christ himself, already historically incarnate, crucified, and risen, not the emergence of a previously hidden human intermediary.
Manifested Word
Approved rendering: پننہٕ کلام ظٲہر کرُن
Transliteration: panin kalām zāhir karun
Doctrine: Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Original: ἐφανέρωσεν τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ
Category: God
New term. God ‘manifested his word’ through the proclamation entrusted to Paul (Titus 1:3). کلام (kalām, ‘word/speech’) carries major independent theological weight in Islamic vocabulary (Kalām Allāh, a name for the Qur’an; ‘ilm al-kalām, scholastic theology). Must be explicitly anchored to the gospel message about Christ, never implied to anticipate or parallel the Qur’an.
Mercy
Approved rendering: رحم
Transliteration: raḥm
Doctrine: Mercy and Grace Together Exclude Works
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
New term, distinct from but closely paired with χάρις. At Titus 3:5, the basis (with grace) of salvation, explicitly opposed to ‘works done in righteousness.’ Mainstream Islamic soteriology frames رحمت as the compassionate side of a deeds-weighing scale, whereas Titus 3:5 uses mercy and grace together to exclude deeds-weighing altogether — a sharper claim than the baseline’s original synonym-caution for رحم alone.
Renewal
Approved rendering: روحانی تازگی
Transliteration: rūḥānī tāzagī
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: تجدید (tajdīd, the standard Arabic-Islamic term for religious ‘renewal,’ associated with the mujaddid, a periodic reformer who restores adherence to existing revealed law — rejected, would wrongly suggest a return to an existing law-code)
Original: ἀνακαίνωσις
Category: Sanctification
New term. A making-new-again; the Spirit’s ongoing renewal of the believer, paired with regeneration at Titus 3:5, conveying the Spirit’s fresh, ongoing inward transformation of the believer.
Poured Out
Approved rendering: وَسنہٕ دِنہٕ
Transliteration: wasnah dinh
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Original: ἐκχέω
Category: God
New term. To pour out abundantly; at Titus 3:6, the Holy Spirit poured out on believers richly through Jesus Christ. Must be explicitly distinguished from Kashmir Shaivism’s shaktipat (the descent of an impersonal divine power/energy already latent within the recipient, awakened by a guru); here the personal Holy Spirit is personally, abundantly given by God through Christ, a Trinitarian act of gift-giving, not an impersonal energy transfer.
Heir
Approved rendering: وارِث
Transliteration: wāris
Doctrine: Heirship and Inheritance by Grace
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Salvation
New term. One who receives an inheritance by legal right; believers become heirs ‘according to the hope of eternal life’ through justification by grace (Titus 3:7). وارث is deeply anchored in Islamic inheritance law (fara’id), prescribing fixed, calculable shares among specified kinship categories, and — per the baseline’s adoption entry — permits guardianship (kafala) but not full lineage-changing adoption with inheritance rights. Must be explicitly taught, cross-referencing the baseline’s adoption doctrine, that believers receive complete, unrestricted inheritance rights by grace through union with Christ.
Purify
Approved rendering: پاک کرُن
Transliteration: pāk karun
Doctrine: A People Purified for God’s Own Possession
Rejected alternatives: صاف (physical/ritual cleanliness, expressly reserved by the baseline for wuzu/ghusl contexts)
Original: καθαρίζω / καθαρός
Category: Sanctification
New term, reusing the established پاک (holy) root. To make morally clean/pure; Christ’s own purifying work forming a people for himself (Titus 2:14), and the state of mind/conscience contrasted with defilement (1:15). Must resist collapse into ritual purification; this is Christ’s own moral-purifying work, not a rite the believer performs.
Defiled
Approved rendering: ناپاک
Transliteration: nāpāk
Doctrine: A People Purified for God’s Own Possession
Original: μιαίνω
Category: Sin
New term, antonym-pair with پاک/purify above. ‘To the defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure’ (Titus 1:15). Same ritual-purity caution applies in reverse: describes the moral/spiritual state of mind and conscience, not a ritual-eligibility category.
Godliness
Approved rendering: خُداترسی
Transliteration: khudā-tarsī
Doctrine: Godliness as Grace’s Fruit, Not Its Means
Rejected alternatives: تقویٰ (taqwa, the Islamic disciplined virtue actively cultivated to gain standing before God — never use as a substitute, per the baseline’s parallel rejection of تقویٰ for ‘righteousness’)
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
New term, closely paralleling the baseline’s rejection of تقویٰ as a rendering for righteousness. Reverence/piety rightly directed toward God, the visible practical shape of a grace-transformed life (Titus 1:1, 2:12). Godliness is repeatedly presented as grace’s fruit, never its earning means; the fruit-versus-means distinction must be taught explicitly at every occurrence.
Training
Approved rendering: تربیت دِنہٕ
Transliteration: tarbiyat dinh
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: παιδεύω
Category: Sanctification
New term. To train/discipline; grace itself is described as the active trainer of the believer’s whole way of life (Titus 2:12). تربیت is heavily loaded in regional Islamic religious education (madrasa-style character formation) and Sufi Rishi murid-murshid spiritual discipline. Must state explicitly that grace itself, not human effort or a master’s discipline, is the trainer, and that training flows from grace already given, not toward grace yet to be earned.
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: ضبط نفس
Transliteration: zabt-e-nafs
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: σώφρων / σωφρόνως / σωφρονίζω
Category: Sanctification
New term. Self-controlled, sober-minded, of sound mind; a repeated qualification across Titus (1:8, 2:2, 2:5, 2:6, 2:12). ضبط نفس (‘mastery of the nafs/self’) is a major, actively practiced category in Sufi Rishi ethical discipline and mainstream Islamic ethics — a genuine point of contact, but must be taught as Spirit-produced fruit flowing from grace already received, not an ascetic achievement earning or maintaining standing before God.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: تندرست تعلیم
Transliteration: tandurust ta’līm
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: صحیح تعلیم (ṣaḥīḥ ta’līm — rejected, صحیح is the specific technical term of Islamic hadith science, an isnad-verified tradition; using it would wrongly suggest Christian doctrine is authenticated the same way rather than through fidelity to the apostolic gospel)
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία
Category: Faith
New term. ‘Healthy/sound teaching,’ the standard of doctrine Titus is charged to hold and teach (Titus 1:9, 2:1). تندرست (‘healthy’) preserves Paul’s own health/sickness metaphor without importing the hadith-authentication framework.
Confess Deny
Approved rendering: اقرار کرُن / انکار کرُن
Transliteration: iqrār karun / inkār karun
Doctrine: Genuine versus Empty Confession
Original: ὁμολογέω / ἀρνέομαι
Category: Faith
New term. To profess/confess versus to deny; false teachers ‘profess to know God, but they deny him by their works’ (Titus 1:16). اقرار structurally parallels the Islamic shahādah confession pattern, a genuine point of contact reinforcing the baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession doctrine — but must be taught as an internal warning to the church about empty profession, not repurposed as a polemic against another tradition’s confession practice.
Submit
Approved rendering: فرمانبرداری کرُن
Transliteration: farmānbardārī karun
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Church
New term, reusing the established فرمانبرداری root from the baseline’s obedience_of_faith entry. To submit, be subject to, defer to voluntarily; used across Titus of wives (2:5), slaves (2:9), and citizens toward civil authorities (3:1). Must be taught consistently across all three contexts as voluntary, Christ-honoring order flowing from a transformed heart, never coerced submission, and never (civil sense) endorsement of any particular political claim.
Rulers And Authorities
Approved rendering: حاکِم تہٕ اختیار
Transliteration: hākim ta ikhtiyār
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι
Category: Church
New term. Civil rulers and governing authorities, to whom believers are told to be submissive and obedient (Titus 3:1). Given Kashmir’s decades-long contested-sovereignty conflict, already flagged in the baseline for ‘kingdom’/‘peace’ language, must be framed as general civic order under God’s sovereignty, never partisan political allegiance to any specific regime; requires native-speaker and theologian sensitivity.
Divisive Person
Approved rendering: تفرقہ انداز شخص
Transliteration: tafraqa-andāz shakhs
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: بدعتی (bid’atī, ‘innovator,’ the Islamic legal-theological category for unwarranted religious innovation — rejected, imports a foreign jurisprudential framework), کافر (kāfir, ‘unbeliever/infidel’ — rejected outright as far more severe than Paul’s intended charge)
Original: αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Church
New term. A person characterized by factious division; to be warned twice then avoided (Titus 3:10). Given Kashmir’s own layered history of intra-religious tension, requires sensitivity-reviewed framing as strictly internal church-discipline, never license for broader inter-communal exclusion rhetoric.
Blaspheme Word Of God
Approved rendering: بدنام کرنہٕ
Transliteration: badnām karnah
Doctrine: Missional Witness: Adorning the Gospel
Original: βλασφημέω (τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ)
Category: God
New term, distinguished from the interpersonal-slander sense at 3:2. The more serious sense at Titus 2:5: believers’ conduct bringing God’s word/reputation into disrepute among outsiders. A missional-reputation concern given the region’s high religious-communal visibility.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: امن
Transliteration: amn
Doctrine: Epistolary Greeting and Benediction
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Part of the standard opening greeting-pair with grace at Titus 1:4; handle with the same regional-conflict sensitivity the baseline requires, though here it functions primarily as a formulaic greeting.
Covenant
Approved rendering: عہد
Transliteration: ‘ahd
Doctrine: Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root reused for the new ‘promise’ entry below (Titus 1:2, God’s pledge ‘before the ages’); relational covenant bond, reasonably well attested.
Mission
Approved rendering: انجیلہ ہنٛز منادی
Transliteration: Injīla hanz munādī
Doctrine: Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Reused at Titus 1:3 for κήρυγμα, ‘the preaching with which I have been entrusted’; frame as gentle proclamation and witness, consistent with the baseline’s mission doctrine.
Church
Approved rendering: کلیسیا
Transliteration: kalīsiyā
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: مسجد (mosque, never use), مندر (temple, never use)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root reused within the new compound elder and overseer terms below (کلیسیایہ ہنٛز بزٗرگ / کلیسیایہ ہنٛز نِگہبان) to anchor those offices to the local congregation, distinct from both mosque and temple institutions.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: شریعتہ خلاف ورزی
Transliteration: sharī’at khilāf-warzī
Doctrine: Redemption through Christ’s Self-Giving
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Sin
New term, built on the established شریعت (law) root. Christ redeems believers ‘from all lawlessness’ (Titus 2:14); low ambiguity once anchored to the existing law entry.
Conscience
Approved rendering: ضمیر
Transliteration: zamīr
Doctrine: A People Purified for God’s Own Possession
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sin
New term. The inner moral faculty; at Titus 1:15, both mind and conscience are defiled in the unbelieving. ضمیر is standard, widely shared, cross-religious vocabulary; reinforces the baseline’s universal_human_accountability doctrine.
Kindness Of God
Approved rendering: مہربانی
Transliteration: mehrbānī
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: χρηστότης
Category: God
New term. God’s kindness/goodness; at Titus 3:4, appearing together with his love for mankind as the ground of salvation. Must be anchored as God’s own initiating kindness expressed concretely in 3:4-7, not a vague general benevolence.
Philanthropy
Approved rendering: انسان دوستی
Transliteration: insān-dostī
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: φιλανθρωπία
Category: God
New term. God’s love for humankind; paired with kindness at Titus 3:4 as grounds for salvation. Must be anchored as God’s own initiating love expressed in Christ’s saving work, not a general humanistic ideal detached from the gospel.
Ungodliness
Approved rendering: بے خُداترسی
Transliteration: be-khudā-tarsī
Doctrine: Godliness as Grace’s Fruit, Not Its Means
Original: ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
New term, negated form of godliness above. Lack of reverence toward God, renounced together with worldly passions in the grace-trained life (Titus 2:12). Low ambiguity once خُداترسی itself is anchored.
Worldly Passions
Approved rendering: دُنیاوی خواہشات
Transliteration: dunyāwī khwāhishāt
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: κοσμικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι
Category: Sin
New term. Desires belonging to this present world-order, renounced through grace’s training (Titus 2:12). دنیاوی (‘of this world’) is a standard contrast term with دینی (‘religious/otherworldly’) already present in regional religious vocabulary; low ambiguity.
Older Man Natural Age
Approved rendering: بزٗرگ عمر انسان
Transliteration: buzurg-‘umar insān
Doctrine: Household and Church Order
Original: πρεσβύτης
Category: Church
New term. An older man by natural age category (Titus 2:2), distinct from the church office πρεσβύτερος. Must be kept distinct via the added age-qualifier (‘umar), or confusion between the natural-age and office senses is likely.
Blameless
Approved rendering: بے الزام
Transliteration: be-ilzām
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church
New term. Above reproach; the baseline standard for elder/overseer qualification (Titus 1:6-7). Sets the tone-defining standard for the entire qualifications list; must not be softened.
Servant Of God
Approved rendering: خُدایُک بندہٕ
Transliteration: Khudāyuk bandah
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: δοῦλος θεοῦ
Category: Church
New term. Servant/bondservant of God; Paul’s self-designation at Titus 1:1. بندہ (‘servant/slave [of God]’) is among the most common self-designations in regional Islamic devotional vocabulary (echoing ‘abd Allāh) — a genuine, positive point of contact, but should be anchored specifically to Paul’s apostolic sending by the risen Christ, not generic pious self-submission.
Steward
Approved rendering: خُدایُک مختار
Transliteration: Khudāyuk mukhtār
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: οἰκονόμος
Category: Church
New term. A household steward/manager; the overseer must be blameless ‘as God’s steward’ (Titus 1:7). A distinct office-metaphor from نگہبان (overseer); low ambiguity once both are anchored as complementary descriptions of the same office.
Trustworthy Saying
Approved rendering: اعتبار جوگ گٲل
Transliteration: i’tibār jog gāl
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Faith
New term, formulaic across the Pastoral Epistles. ‘Faithful/trustworthy is the saying,’ sealing a core doctrinal summary (Titus 3:8). Should be rendered identically at every occurrence across this and future Pastoral Epistles curricula, per the theological-consistency principle.
Foolish Controversies
Approved rendering: بے فٲیدہٕ بحث، نسل نامہٕ، شریعتی جھگڑہٕ
Transliteration: be-fā’idah baḥth, naslnāmah, sharī’atī jhagṛah
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: ζητήσεις, γενεαλογίαι, μάχαι νομικαί
Category: Church
New term. Foolish controversies, genealogies, and quarrels about the law, to be avoided as unprofitable (Titus 3:9). Given the regional prominence of religious legal scholarship (fiqh-style disputation), must be framed as a warning against unprofitable, divisive speculative disputes specifically, not against careful theological or legal reasoning as such.
Jewish Myths
Approved rendering: یہودی قِصہٕ کہانی
Transliteration: yahūdī qissa-kahānī
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: Ἰουδαϊκοὶ μῦθοι
Category: Covenant
New term. Extrabiblical Jewish legendary material Paul warns against (Titus 1:14). Distinguish from the tahrif (scriptural-corruption) concern: here Paul warns against unwarranted extrabiblical addition, the opposite direction of concern from tahrif’s claim of loss/corruption; the two must not be conflated.
Commandments Of Men
Approved rendering: اِنسانی حکم
Transliteration: insānī ḥukm
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: ἐντολαὶ ἀνθρώπων
Category: Covenant
New term. Human commandments, contrasted with God’s revealed truth (Titus 1:14). Relevant to the baseline’s caution that شریعت must not be flattened into a comprehensive Sharia-style life-code.
Slave Master
Approved rendering: غلام / آقا
Transliteration: ghulām / āqā
Doctrine: Household and Church Order
Original: δοῦλος / δεσπότης
Category: Church
New term. Household-code language of slave and master, addressed in first-century social context (Titus 2:9). Must be taught within its redemptive-historical context, applied today to employer-employee ethics; not a scriptural endorsement of slavery, a point requiring sensitive framing given the region’s own bonded-labor history.
Blaspheme Interpersonal
Approved rendering: بدنامی کرُن
Transliteration: badnāmī karun
Doctrine: Household and Church Order
Original: βλασφημέω
Category: Church
New term. To slander or speak evil of another person (Titus 3:2). Distinct sense from the ‘word of God blasphemed’ occurrence at 2:5; the two senses must not be conflated in translation.
Adorn The Doctrine
Approved rendering: زینت دِنہٕ
Transliteration: zīnat dinh
Doctrine: Missional Witness: Adorning the Gospel
Original: κοσμέω
Category: Church
New term. To adorn/make attractive; godly conduct ‘adorns the doctrine of God our Savior’ (Titus 2:10). A vivid missional metaphor worth preserving rather than flattening to a plain ‘honor’ gloss.
Elder Qualification Virtues
Approved rendering: مہمان نواز، نیکی پسند، راست باز، دیندار، ضبط والا، ہوش مند، باوقار
Transliteration: mihmān-nawāz, nekī-pasand, rāst-bāz, dīndār, zabt-wālā, hōsh-mand, bāwaqār
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: φιλόξενος, φιλάγαθος, δίκαιος, ὅσιος, ἐγκρατής, νηφάλιος, σεμνός
Category: Church
New consolidated term cluster (Titus 1:8, 2:2): hospitable, lover of good, upright, devout, disciplined, sober-minded, dignified. ὅσιος (‘devout’) rendered دیندار with a note that it names practiced reverence, distinct from ἅγιος (پاک) and εὐσέβεια (خُداترسی).
Elder Qualification Vices
Approved rendering: خودپسند، غصہٕ باز، شرابی، تشدد پسند، بددیانت لالچی
Transliteration: khud-pasand, ghusse-bāz, sharābī, tashaddud-pasand, bad-diyānat lālchī
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Original: αὐθάδης, ὀργίλος, πάροινος, πλήκτης, αἰσχροκερδής
Category: Church
New consolidated term cluster (Titus 1:7): arrogant/self-willed, quick-tempered, given to drink, violent, greedy for shameful gain. Sets a firm negative boundary for the qualifications list that must not be softened.
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: حقیقتہ ہنٛز پہچان
Transliteration: ḥaqīqatah hanz pahchān
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Faith
New term. Full knowledge of the truth, the goal of faith among God’s elect (Titus 1:1). Should be anchored to the gospel’s specific truth-content, not left as a generalized ‘knowledge’ claim that could be reheard as Trika’s gnosis-like self-recognition of one’s own true nature.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: پیغمبر
Transliteration: paighambar
Doctrine: Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. At Titus 1:12, used ironically of a pagan Cretan poet (traditionally identified as Epimenides), not a biblical prophet — flag this usage explicitly as an ironic quotation, not an endorsement, to avoid confusing readers about the term’s normal biblical sense.
Exhort
Approved rendering: حوصلہ دِنہ
Transliteration: ḥauslah dinah
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs at Titus 1:9, 2:6, 2:15, primarily in the encouragement/urging sense per the baseline’s context-sensitive note.
Genuine Child
Approved rendering: سچُک فرزند
Transliteration: sachuk farzand
Doctrine: Epistolary Greeting and Benediction
Original: γνήσιον τέκνον
Category: Church
New term. ‘True/genuine child’; Paul’s description of Titus as his spiritual son in the faith (Titus 1:4). Metaphorical spiritual fatherhood, distinct from and lower-stakes than the literal adoption and Fatherhood-of-God baseline entries; a brief clarifying note is sufficient.
Medium-High Risk Terms
God Who Never Lies
Approved rendering: خُدا یُس کہٕن جھوٹ نہٕ بولہٕ
Transliteration: Khudā yus kihn jhūṭh na bolah
Doctrine: Trustworthiness of God’s Word
Original: ἀψευδὴς θεός
Category: God
New term. God who never lies, the guarantor of the promise made before the ages (Titus 1:2). A quiet but important apologetic point of contact against the Islamic tahrif doctrine: God’s own unlying character guarantees his word cannot be falsified or need later correction or supersession.
Hope
Approved rendering: اُمید
Transliteration: umīd
Doctrine: The Blessed Hope: Return of Christ
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Eschatology
New term. Confident expectation of a future good; the ‘blessed hope’ of Christ’s appearing (2:13) and ‘hope of eternal life’ tied to heirship (1:2, 3:7). اُمید is neutral, widely shared vocabulary, but the content of this hope must be distinguished from generalized Islamic hope in Allah’s eventual deeds-weighed mercy toward paradise-entry, and from Trika-adjacent hope framed as self-recognition of one’s own indwelling divinity.
Referenced passages