Passage
Romans 8
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Glossary Term
Abba
Aramaic term of intimacy preserved as a transliteration alongside باپت (Romans 8:15), following the pattern of related regional Bible translations.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Glossary Term
Adoption
A descriptive compound ('being made God's child') stands in for formal legal adoption, which is a discouraged and narrowly regulated practice in Islamic law (which permits guardianship, kafala, but not full lineage-changing adoption); this curriculum should stress Romans 8:15-17's full inheritance-rights sense explicitly, since it runs against a familiar legal category rather than simply filling an empty one.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Doctrine
Adoption into God's Family
Full son-status with complete inheritance rights, which runs against Islamic law's narrow, guardianship-only (kafala) approach to adoption and must be explicitly taught rather than assumed as a familiar legal category.
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Doctrine
Assurance of Salvation
Assurance based on God's unchanging character and Christ's finished work; not on an ongoing deeds-weighing uncertainty about paradise, nor on achieving a state of self-recognized non-dual awareness.
ROM.8.1, ROM.8.28-39
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Glossary Term
Called
Context-sensitive: in 1:1 = called to apostleship; in 1:7 = called to be saints; in 8:28-30 = effectual calling to salvation.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Calling
Noun form for the act/state of being called, kept structurally parallel to سَدہ گیہ (called).
ROM.8.28-30
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Doctrine
Christian Identity in Christ
Identity located in personal union with Christ, not in religious-communal identity, sectarian affiliation, or philosophical self-recognition.
ROM.8.1
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Doctrine
Divine Calling
God's sovereign call must be distinguished from قسمت (fate/taqdir) in Islamic thought and from Trika's framing of spiritual awakening as self-recognition rather than an external relational summons.
ROM.8.28-30
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Doctrine
Effectual Calling
God's sovereign call that ensures the salvation of the called; not qismat/taqdir (impersonal predetermination) and not Trika's self-recognition framework.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Election
God's sovereign, personal choice; قسمت (fate, echoing taqdir, divine predetermination) is a legitimate parallel concept in Islamic theology but should be introduced only with explicit definition, since Romans 9's election is personal and relational, not the more impersonal predetermination associations قسمت can carry.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Father
God as personal Father; a term requiring care in a Muslim-majority context, where 'Father' as a name for God is unfamiliar and can sound uncomfortably close to attributing offspring to God (echoing the same Tawhid concern as Sonship of Christ).
ROM.8.15, ROM.8.23
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Doctrine
Incarnation
CRITICAL: for Muslim-background readers this is shirk (blasphemous association) in mainstream Islamic theology and must be taught into directly, not softened.
ROM.8.3
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Glossary Term
Incarnation
CRITICAL: a descriptive compound ('God came in human form') stands in for a single fixed term, since no crystallized incarnation-vocabulary exists in currently available Kashmiri Christian literature.
ROM.8.3
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Glossary Term
Intercession
A descriptive term for pleading on behalf of others (Romans 8:26-27), kept distinct from شفاعت, the specific Islamic theological category of an authorized figure's (a prophet's, or in Sufi practice a wali's) mediating intercession -- Romans describes the Spirit's own direct intercession, not a human or angelic mediator's.
ROM.8.26-27
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Glossary Term
Peace
In Romans 5:1, relational, judicial peace with God through justification; distinct both from Sufi fana-adjacent inner stillness and from the ordinary sense of political peace, which carries heavy, specific weight given the region's decades-long conflict and should be handled with particular sensitivity.
ROM.8.6
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Doctrine
Peace with God
Relational, judicial peace through justification; handle with sensitivity given how loaded the word 'peace' is in the context of the region's long-running conflict.
ROM.8.6
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Doctrine
Prayer and Intercession
Direct access to God in Christ's name; distinguish from shafa'at (a prophet's or Sufi saint's authorized mediating intercession) in mainstream Islamic and Sufi theology.
ROM.8.26-27
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Doctrine
Providence
God's personal, purposive care; qismat/taqdir (fate/predetermination) is a live Islamic theological concept more impersonally fatalistic than Romans 8:28's relational confidence and should be introduced only with explicit contrast.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Providence
God's personal, purposive care; قسمت (fate, taqdir) is a live Islamic theological concept of divine predetermination that is more impersonally fatalistic than Romans 8:28's relational confidence and should be introduced only with explicit contrast.
ROM.8.28-30
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Glossary Term
Resurrection
CRITICAL: a descriptive phrase ('coming back to life from the dead') is required rather than a single technical term.
ROM.8.11
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Doctrine
Resurrection of Christ
CRITICAL: mainstream Sunni interpretation of Quran 4:157 holds Jesus was not crucified at all ('it was made to appear so'), directly denying the historical event Romans 1:4 and 4:25 depend on -- a doctrine many Kashmiri Muslim readers will know explicitly.
ROM.8.11
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Glossary Term
Son Of God
CRITICAL: full phrase required.
ROM.8.3, ROM.8.29
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Doctrine
Sonship of Christ
CRITICAL: eternal, unique Sonship; directly contradicts Quran 112's denial that God begets or is begotten.
ROM.8.3, ROM.8.29