Passage

Romans 10

• Doctrine

  Evangelism

  Evangelism carries real legal and social risk in this context (proselytization stigma, occasional social or family reprisal against converts); use language of proclamation and witness, and route to human theologian review for pastoral care as well as translation accuracy.

  ROM.10.14-15

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ specifically, not assent to the six pillars of Islamic iman in the abstract.

  ROM.10.9-10, ROM.10.17

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  İman is an Arabic loanword shared with Islamic vocabulary, where it denotes assent to the six pillars (Allah, angels, books, prophets, last day, qadar).

  ROM.10.9-10, ROM.10.17

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (OT promise fulfilled uniquely in Jesus) contrasts with the Islamic pattern of successive, largely self-contained prophets each restating the same basic message; Romans' argument depends on cumulative, converging OT promise, which needs explicit unpacking.

  ROM.10.11

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  Uluslar ('nations,' i.e.

  ROM.10.12

• Doctrine

  Gospel

  Must be distinguished from İncil as a mere book-title Muslims regard as historically corrupted (tahrif).

  ROM.10.15-16

• Glossary Term

  Gospel

  Müjde ('good news') is the established Turkish Bible term.

  ROM.10.15-16

• Glossary Term

  Intercession

  Prayer on behalf of others, or Christ's/the Spirit's mediating work.

  ROM.10.1

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Proper name; established Turkish Bible form.

  ROM.10.12

• Glossary Term

  Jesus

  CRITICAL: İsa is the shared Turkish/Qur'anic name for Jesus, so it alone signals only the Qur'anic prophet-Jesus to most readers.

  ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  Aklanma is a forensic-legal term (to be acquitted/declared innocent) already used in Turkish legal registers, which makes it a strong fit for Paul's courtroom metaphor.

  ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10

• Glossary Term

  Law

  Refers to the Mosaic law.

  ROM.10.11

• Glossary Term

  Lord

  Established Turkish Bible term (also renders the divine name YHWH as RAB in small caps in OT usage).

  ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12

• Doctrine

  Lordship of Christ

  CRITICAL: Romans 10:9 -- 'İsa Rab'dir' is the salvation confession and must be rendered without qualification.

  ROM.10.9, ROM.10.12

• Doctrine

  Prayer and Intercession

  Direct access to God through Christ, distinguished from şefaat, the Islamic doctrine of Muhammad's intercession for his community on Judgment Day, and from petitioning deceased evliya at shrines.

  ROM.10.1

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration pointing to Christ.

  ROM.10.11

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  CRITICAL: Never render as salih amel, the Islamic category of righteous works that (together with Allah's mercy) determine a believer's standing on Judgment Day.

  ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: Salvation received now through Christ's finished work, not an outcome deferred to Allah's undisclosed judgment at the end of time.

  ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: Kurtuluş is the established Turkish Christian term (deliverance through Christ's death and resurrection, received now, not merely a hoped-for outcome decided at Judgment Day).

  ROM.10.1, ROM.10.10

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Less socially loaded here than in caste-based contexts, but still needs to be translated with full theological clarity given contemporary geopolitical sensitivity around Jewish-Christian-Muslim relations.

  ROM.10.12

• Doctrine

  Universal Scope of the Gospel

  No ethnic or national barrier to the gospel; retain unqualified universality even where it sits uneasily against ümmet/non-ümmet identity categories.

  ROM.10.12-13