Cross-Reference Analysis
Cross-Reference and Theme Analysis — Ephesians 1–6 (English → Hebrew)
Purpose and Method
This document catalogs every Old Testament quotation and allusion, every messianic reference, and every typological structure in Ephesians 1–6, and cross-references each against the Romans Language Package (translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, doctrine_risk_registry.json) already in force for this language pair. Where Ephesians and Romans share a quotation, a term, or a doctrinal structure, this document specifies the rendering-consistency rule required so that a Hebrew-speaking learner moving between the two curricula encounters a single, unified voice.
Citation normalization: all Scripture references in this document and all downstream artifacts use the form Book Chapter:Verse (e.g., “Ephesians 2:14”, “Isaiah 57:19”, “Genesis 2:24”). Hyphenated verse ranges use Chapter:Verse-Verse (e.g., “Romans 9:11-13”). No abbreviations are used in the matrix column values, to keep the artifact machine-parseable for Phase 2 tooling.
PART 1 — Cross-Reference Matrix
Chapter 1
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 1:3-4 | Election and Predestination | God the Father; believers | Structural echo of Genesis 1:1 (creation as the temporal marker “before the foundation of the world”); direct doctrinal parallel to Romans 8:29-30 and Romans 9:11-13 | High — same collision as the baseline “election” entry, sharpened by explicit pre-creation timing; must be taught with Ephesians 4-6’s ethical exhortations to avoid a fatalism reading against Pirkei Avot 3:15 |
| Ephesians 1:5 | Election and Predestination; Adoption | Believers; God as Father | Parallels Romans 8:15, Romans 8:23 (adoption); background Exodus 4:22 (Israel as son) | High |
| Ephesians 1:6 | Salvation by Grace | Christ (“the Beloved”) | Likely echoes Isaiah 42:1 (“my beloved in whom my soul delights,” the Servant); resonates with the baptismal voice tradition (not part of this curriculum but worth noting for future cross-reference) | Medium — “the Beloved” as a Christological title tied to the Isaianic Servant; must not be flattened to mere affection |
| Ephesians 1:7 | Salvation by Grace; Redemption | Christ | Exodus 6:6 (redemption from Egypt); Leviticus 17:11 (blood atonement); direct doctrinal parallel Romans 3:24-25 | High |
| Ephesians 1:10 | Mystery of Christ; Eschatology | Christ | Daniel 2:44 (a kingdom that fills/unites all); Genesis 1 (creation’s original unity) | Medium |
| Ephesians 1:13-14 | Holy Spirit; Assurance | Believers | Song of Songs 8:6 (a seal set upon the heart); parallels Romans 8:16 (the Spirit bearing witness) | Medium |
| Ephesians 1:17 | Holy Spirit; Christology | Christ (source); believers | Isaiah 11:2 (“the Spirit of wisdom” resting on the Messianic Branch); Deuteronomy 34:9 (Joshua filled with a spirit of wisdom) | Medium — positive resonance; teach as fulfilled in and mediated through Christ specifically |
| Ephesians 1:20 | Resurrection of Christ; Lordship of Christ | Christ | Direct allusion, Psalm 110:1 (“sit at my right hand”); parallels Romans 8:34, Acts 2:34-35 | Critical — identical handling to baseline’s resurrection_of_christ and lordship_of_christ doctrines |
| Ephesians 1:22 | Deity/Lordship of Christ; Church as Body of Christ | Christ | Direct quotation, Psalm 8:6 (“you have put all things under his feet”) | Critical — Psalm 8 in its plain sense describes humanity’s (ben adam’s) dominion over creation, not an individual divine figure; applying it to Christ’s cosmic headship requires an explicit typological argument, not an assumed extension. Flag for theologian review every occurrence. |
| Ephesians 1:23 | Church as Body of Christ | Christ; church | Echoes Psalm 24:1 (“the earth and its fullness,” melo’ah) | Medium |
Chapter 2:1-10 (Core Passage — summary; full verse-by-verse detail in 07_semantic_analysis.md)
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 2:1-3 | Salvation by Grace; Universal Human Accountability | All humanity; Adam (implicit) | Direct doctrinal parallel, Romans 5:12-19 (Adam’s sin, universal death); background Genesis 2:17, Genesis 3:19 (death as sin’s consequence) | Critical |
| Ephesians 2:4-7 | Salvation by Grace | God the Father; Christ | Echoes God’s self-revealed mercy character, Exodus 34:6-7 | High |
| Ephesians 2:8-10 | Salvation by Grace through Faith | Believers; Abraham (background) | Direct doctrinal parallel Romans 3:20-28, Romans 4:1-8 (citing Genesis 15:6), Romans 11:6 | Critical — must render the grace/faith/works triad using the exact terms already locked in translation_memory.json (חסד, אמונה, ישועה); this is Ephesians’ own version of Romans’ thesis statement and must be held to the same cross-document verbatim-consistency standard already applied to Romans 1:16-17 and Romans 10:9-10 |
Chapter 2:11-22
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 2:11-12 | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | Israel; Gentiles; Abraham (covenant background) | Genesis 17:9-14 (circumcision as covenant sign); direct structural parallel to Romans 9:4-5’s list of Israel’s covenant privileges (adoption, glory, covenants, the law, the promises, the patriarchs) | Critical — Ephesians 2:12’s list is Ephesians’ own version of Romans 9:4-5; render “covenants of promise” using the already-locked TM term ברית (covenant), and hold the same not-replacement framing already governing Romans 9-11 |
| Ephesians 2:13-17 | Unity of Jews and Gentiles; Peace with God | Christ; Jew; Gentile | Direct quotation/allusion, Isaiah 57:19 (“peace, peace, to him who is far and to him who is near”); doctrinal parallel Romans 11:17-24 (the olive tree, grafting in) | Critical |
| Ephesians 2:19-20 | Church as Body of Christ | Apostles; prophets; Christ | Direct quotation-adjacent, Psalm 118:22 and Isaiah 28:16 (the rejected/chosen cornerstone), both quoted verbatim in Romans 9:33 | Critical — this is a contested messianic prooftext with a long history of divergent Jewish and Christian exegesis, structurally parallel to the baseline’s Isaiah 53/intercession risk note; the Hebrew rendering of Isaiah 28:16 here MUST match the rendering used wherever Romans 9:33 is quoted in the Romans curriculum documents |
| Ephesians 2:21-22 | Church as Body of Christ | — | Exodus 25:8 (“that I may dwell among them”); 1 Kings 8:10-13 (the glory filling the Temple at its dedication) | High |
Chapter 3
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 3:2-9 | Mystery of Christ Revealed; Unity of Jews and Gentiles | Paul | Daniel 2:28-29, Daniel 2:47 (Aramaic raz, “mystery,” revealed to Daniel) — the closest OT lexical ancestor of Greek mystērion | Critical |
| Ephesians 3:6 | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | Gentiles; Israel; Abraham | Doctrinal parallel Romans 4:11-16 (Abraham, father of all who believe); Romans 11:17 (grafted branches sharing the root’s richness); background Genesis 12:3, Genesis 22:18 (blessing to all nations through Abraham’s seed) | Critical |
| Ephesians 3:14-15 | God as Father | — | Genesis 12:3 and Psalm 87 (the nations reckoned together with Zion) as distant background for “every family… named” | Medium |
| Ephesians 3:20 | Power of God | — | Doctrinal parallel Romans 8:11 (the Spirit’s resurrection-power at work within believers) | Medium |
Chapter 4
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 4:4-6 | Unity of the Church; Deity of Christ | — | Structural echo of Deuteronomy 6:4 (the Shema, “the LORD is one”) in the sevenfold “one body, one Spirit… one God and Father” list; Malachi 2:10 (“have we not all one father?”) | Critical — this sevenfold list’s echo of the Shema must be handled with the same care as the baseline’s deity_of_christ doctrine: Trinitarian unity-in-plurality framed as compatible with, not a departure from, absolute divine unity |
| Ephesians 4:8 | Christ’s Ascension and Victory; Lordship of Christ | Christ; David (the psalm’s original voice) | Direct quotation, Psalm 68:18 (“When he ascended on high, he led a host of captives”) | Critical — Psalm 68 describes God (YHWH) himself ascending Zion in triumph; applying it directly to Christ’s ascension is a direct divine-identity claim, structurally parallel to the lordship_of_christ Critical risk already documented in the baseline for Romans 10:9,13. Flag for theologian review every occurrence. |
| Ephesians 4:11 | Gifts for Building Up the Church | Apostles; prophets; evangelists; pastors; teachers | Doctrinal parallel Romans 12:6-8 (the gift list there); different Greek term (domata, “gifts given,” vs. Romans’ charismata) but the same underlying doctrine | Medium |
| Ephesians 4:24 | Walking in Newness of Life | Adam (implicit contrast) | Direct allusion, Genesis 1:26-27 (the image/likeness of God) | High — must not collapse into 2:15’s distinct, corporately-scoped “one new man” despite near-identical Hebrew phrasing |
| Ephesians 4:25 | Walking in Newness of Life (ethics) | — | Direct quotation, Zechariah 8:16 (“let each speak truth with his neighbor”) | Low |
| Ephesians 4:26 | Walking in Newness of Life (ethics) | David (the psalm’s voice) | Direct quotation, Psalm 4:4 (“be angry and do not sin”) | Low |
| Ephesians 4:30 | Holy Spirit’s personhood | — | Direct OT precedent for the exact idiom, Isaiah 63:10 (“they grieved his Holy Spirit”) | Medium — a genuine positive asset: this is not a novel NT claim but continues a real OT idiom, reinforcing (not innovating) the Spirit’s personhood already Critical in the baseline holy_spirit doctrine |
Chapter 5
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 5:2 | Mystery of Christ Revealed; Atonement | Christ | Exodus 29:18, Leviticus 1:9 (the sacrificial “pleasing aroma” formula); direct allusion, Genesis 8:21 (Noah’s offering) | High |
| Ephesians 5:14 | Walking in Newness of Life | — | Likely composite quotation/early hymn drawing on Isaiah 60:1 (“Arise, shine, for your light has come”) and Isaiah 26:19 (“Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust”) | Medium — the exact source is debated among scholars (possibly a baptismal hymn rather than a direct citation); footnote this uncertainty rather than presenting it as a settled quotation |
| Ephesians 5:31-32 | Household Codes; Mystery of Christ Revealed | Adam; Eve (implicit) | Direct quotation, Genesis 2:24 (“one flesh”); typological background Hosea 1-3, Ezekiel 16, Isaiah 54:5, Isaiah 62:5 (YHWH as Israel’s bridegroom) | Critical — the bridegroom/bride typology applied to Christ/church is a positive typological asset directly continuing the OT’s own YHWH-Israel marital-covenant imagery, but must be taught with awareness that it now includes Gentiles within that bridal role — intersecting again with the supersessionism sensitivity already flagged for “church” (קהילה) in the baseline |
Chapter 6
| Ephesians Passage | Theme | Related Character(s) | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ephesians 6:2-3 | Household Codes | Moses (giver); Israel | Direct quotation, Exodus 20:12 / Deuteronomy 5:16 (the Fifth Commandment) | Low — genuine positive asset: Paul explicitly grounds household ethics in Torah continuity, not opposition to it |
| Ephesians 6:9 | Household Codes | — | Deuteronomy 10:17, Leviticus 19:15, Job 34:19 (“there is no partiality with him”); doctrinal parallel Romans 2:11 (“God shows no partiality”) | Low |
| Ephesians 6:11-17 | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | Christ (as the pattern Divine Warrior) | Composite allusion: Isaiah 11:5 (righteousness as belt/sash of the Messianic figure), Isaiah 59:17 (breastplate of righteousness, helmet of salvation — YHWH’s own war-gear), Isaiah 52:7 (feet bringing good news of peace) | High — these Isaiah texts originally describe YHWH himself (Isaiah 59:17) or the coming Davidic figure (Isaiah 11:5) as the Divine Warrior; believers are now clothed in what is properly God’s own equipment, a striking identification requiring deliberate teaching, not mere military-metaphor color |
| Ephesians 6:12 | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | Satan; angelic/demonic powers | Doctrinal/lexical parallel Romans 8:38 (ἀρχαί, “rulers,” among the things unable to separate believers from God’s love); background Daniel 10:13, Daniel 10:20 (the “prince of Persia,” an angelic adversarial power) | Critical — see Rendering-Consistency Rule 6 below; Romans 8:38 frames these powers as defeated/impotent against believers, while Ephesians 6:12 frames them as still-active opponents to be actively resisted — both true and complementary, not contradictory; teaching must hold both together |
| Ephesians 6:14 | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | — | See Isaiah composite above | High — reuses the Critical baseline term צדק (righteousness) inside the armor metaphor; do not substitute an alternative rendering |
| Ephesians 6:15 | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | — | Direct quotation, Isaiah 52:7 (“How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him who brings good news, who publishes peace”) — the SAME verse quoted verbatim in Romans 10:15 | Critical — see Rendering-Consistency Rule 1 below |
| Ephesians 6:16 | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | — | Reuses אֱמוּנָה (faith), already locked | Medium |
| Ephesians 6:17 | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | — | Isaiah 59:17 (helmet of salvation); the sword-of-the-mouth image echoes Isaiah 49:2 (“he made my mouth like a sharp sword” — the Servant Song) | High |
PART 2 — Messianic References and Typology Summary
| Type/Figure | Ephesians Reference | OT Source | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beloved One | Ephesians 1:6 | Isaiah 42:1 | Servant-Song title applied to Christ as the one “in whom” grace is given |
| Enthroned Lord (Psalm 110 pattern) | Ephesians 1:20 | Psalm 110:1 | Same pattern already Critical in Romans (10:9, quoting Joel 2:32’s YHWH-language) |
| Cosmic dominion under his feet | Ephesians 1:22 | Psalm 8:6 | Generic-humanity text applied typologically to Christ specifically; requires explicit argument |
| Ascended conqueror | Ephesians 4:8 | Psalm 68:18 | YHWH’s own triumphal ascent applied directly to Christ — a strong divine-identity claim |
| Cornerstone / stone of stumbling | Ephesians 2:20 | Psalm 118:22; Isaiah 28:16 | Contested Jewish-Christian prooftext, already used in Romans 9:33 |
| Divine Warrior clothed in righteousness/salvation | Ephesians 6:14, 6:17 | Isaiah 11:5; Isaiah 59:17 | Believers now wear what is properly YHWH’s own war-gear |
| Bridegroom of his people | Ephesians 5:25-32 | Hosea 1-3; Ezekiel 16; Isaiah 54:5; Isaiah 62:5 | Reassigns Israel’s OT bridal role to the Christ/church relationship — teach as expansion via grafting-in (Romans 11), not replacement |
| Spirit-anointed wisdom-bearer | Ephesians 1:17 | Isaiah 11:2 | The Messianic Branch’s endowment now given, through Christ, to believers |
| Sharp-mouthed Servant | Ephesians 6:17 | Isaiah 49:2 | The Servant’s own weapon (his word) becomes the believer’s sword |
Adam typology note: Ephesians develops Adam typology in two distinct registers that must not be conflated: (1) Ephesians 2:1-3’s universal deadness-in-sin, corresponding to Romans 5:12-19’s federal-headship argument (Adam as corporate head of fallen humanity); and (2) Ephesians 4:22-24’s individual “old self / new self” contrast, keyed to Genesis 1:26-27’s image-of-God language rather than Genesis 3’s fall narrative directly. A third, entirely distinct register is Ephesians 2:15’s corporate “one new man” (Jew and Gentile made one new humanity), which uses similar Hebrew vocabulary but addresses a different theological question (ethnic unity, not personal moral renewal). All three must be taught as related but distinguishable uses of the same “old/new humanity” vocabulary family.
PART 3 — Parallels to Romans (Dedicated Cross-Curriculum Section)
| # | Ephesians Locus | Romans Locus | Shared Doctrine/Structure | Rendering-Consistency Requirement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ephesians 2:8-9 | Romans 3:20-28; Romans 4:1-8; Romans 11:6 | Grace-faith-works formula | Use identical TM terms חסד, אמונה, ישועה, מעשים; the “not of works” clause structure should mirror Romans 4:4-5’s phrasing |
| 2 | Ephesians 1:4-5, 1:11 | Romans 8:28-30; Romans 9:11-13 | Election and predestination | Reuse TM בחירה; new Ephesians term יעוד מראש must be taught alongside, not instead of, Romans’ existing election framing |
| 3 | Ephesians 2:11-22; Ephesians 3:6 | Romans 9-11 (olive tree, remnant, “all Israel”) | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | Both curricula must use the identical grafting-in, not-replacement framework; Ephesians’ “one new man” and Romans’ “grafted branches” are complementary metaphors for the same doctrine and should be taught together |
| 4 | Ephesians 2:1-3; Ephesians 4:22-24 | Romans 5:12-19; Romans 6:1-11 | Adam/old-self, Christ/new-self | See Adam typology note above; Ephesians’ curriculum doctrine title “Walking in Newness of Life” is a DIRECT verbal borrowing from Romans 6:4’s own phrase (“that we might walk in newness of life,” καινότητι ζωῆς περιπατήσωμεν) — the Hebrew rendering of “newness of life” in any Ephesians material must match whatever rendering is or will be used for Romans 6:4 to preserve the deliberate intertextual echo |
| 5 | Ephesians 1:22-23; Ephesians 4:4-16 | Romans 12:4-8 | Body of Christ; spiritual gifts | Reuse TM גוף concept and מתנות רוחניות; note the different Greek gift-vocabulary (domata vs. charismata) is the same doctrine under a different term |
| 6 | Ephesians 1:21; Ephesians 3:10; Ephesians 6:12 | Romans 8:38 | Rulers/authorities (ἀρχαί) | Both texts use the same Greek term. Romans 8:38 declares these powers impotent to separate believers from God’s love; Ephesians 6:12 commands active resistance against them. Render with the same Hebrew term (שָׂרִים וְשִׁלְטוֹנוֹת) in both curricula, and teach the two passages as complementary (already-defeated yet still-active-and-to-be-resisted), not contradictory |
| 7 | Ephesians 2:18; Ephesians 3:12 | Romans 5:1-2 | Confident access to God | Reuse TM concepts of peace (שלום) and grace-access; new term קרבה should be introduced as this doctrine’s Ephesians-specific vocabulary, cross-referenced to Romans 5:1-2 |
| 8 | Ephesians 6:9 | Romans 2:11 | God’s impartiality | Both use מַשּׂוֹא פָנִים-family vocabulary (direct Torah legal term); render consistently |
| 9 | Ephesians 6:15 | Romans 10:15 | Isaiah 52:7 citation (“feet… good news… peace”) | MUST be rendered identically in both curricula — see Rendering-Consistency Rule 1 below |
| 10 | Ephesians 1:6-7; Ephesians 2:7; Ephesians 3:8 | Romans 2:4; Romans 11:33 | ”Riches” of grace/kindness/wisdom | Consistent construction עֹשֶׁר + genitive (e.g., עֹשֶׁר חַסְדּוֹ, עֹשֶׁר חָכְמָתוֹ) across both curricula |
| 11 | Ephesians 2:12 | Romans 9:4-5 | List of Israel’s covenant privileges | Ephesians 2:12 is a compressed version of Romans 9:4-5’s list; render “covenants of promise” using the locked TM term ברית, and teach the two lists side by side |
| 12 | Ephesians 4:17-19; Ephesians 5:3-5 | Romans 1:21-32; Romans 13:13 | Futility of unregenerate mind; vice lists | No specific term lock required beyond baseline sin (חטא) vocabulary; note the parallel structure for teaching purposes |
| 13 | Ephesians 6:2-3 | Romans 13:8-10 | Household ethics/love grounded in Torah | Both passages ground NT ethics explicitly in Torah continuity; reinforce baseline’s law (תורה) framing note — never anti-Torah polemic |
| 14 | Ephesians 4:30 | Romans 8:26-27 | Holy Spirit’s personal, relational engagement with believers | Different specific claim (grief vs. intercession) but the same underlying doctrine of the Spirit’s personhood, already Critical in baseline; teach together |
PART 4 — Rendering-Consistency Rules for Shared Quotations
These rules govern any Hebrew rendering of an OT text that is quoted or clearly alluded to in BOTH the Romans and Ephesians curricula, or that recurs multiple times within Ephesians itself. Phase 2 tooling must check new segments against these locked forms before accepting a translation.
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Isaiah 52:7 (Ephesians 6:15; Romans 10:15) — Lock a single Hebrew rendering of “the gospel of peace” / “feet that bring good news of peace” using the Masoretic base (מַה־נָּאוּ עַל־הֶהָרִים רַגְלֵי מְבַשֵּׂר מַשְׁמִיעַ שָׁלוֹם) and the already-locked TM terms הבשורה (gospel) and שלום (peace). The Ephesians “shoes of the gospel of peace” phrase must build directly on this same base rather than an independent rendering.
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Psalm 118:22 / Isaiah 28:16 (Ephesians 2:20; Romans 9:33) — Lock the cornerstone rendering as אֶבֶן הַפִּנָּה (Psalm 118:22) with Isaiah 28:16’s own testing-stone language (אֶבֶן… אֶבֶן בֹּחַן) available as a secondary cross-reference. Both curricula’s documents referencing this text must use the identical Hebrew phrase for “cornerstone,” and this pairing must be added as a new shared entry to translation_memory.json before Phase 2 batch processing proceeds on any document using both curricula.
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Genesis 2:24 (“one flesh,” Ephesians 5:31) — Quote using the exact Masoretic wording בָּשָׂר אֶחָד with no paraphrase, consistent with the general rule (already established in the baseline for Genesis 15:6) that direct OT citations retain their Biblical Hebrew form rather than a modernized paraphrase.
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Exodus 20:12 / Deuteronomy 5:16 (“honor your father and mother,” Ephesians 6:2-3) — Quote using the standard Masoretic form כַּבֵּד אֶת אָבִיךָ וְאֶת אִמֶּךָ; no independent Ephesians-specific rendering should be introduced.
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Psalm 8:6 (Ephesians 1:22) — Lock rendering as תַּחַת רַגְלָיו שַׁתָּה כֹל (or the established Hebrew Bible wording for Psalm 8:7 in the Masoretic verse-numbering, which differs by one verse from most English translations — confirm verse-numbering convention with the destination platform before batch processing, per the baseline’s Cross-Reference Preservation Rules).
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Rulers/authorities (ἀρχαί) (Ephesians 1:21, 3:10, 6:12; Romans 8:38) — Lock a single Hebrew rendering, שָׂרִים וְשִׁלְטוֹנוֹת, for this term family across both curricula. Do not vary the rendering between the “defeated” framing (Romans 8:38) and the “to be resisted” framing (Ephesians 6:12); the term itself does not change, only the surrounding clause’s claim about these powers’ current relationship to believers.
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Isaiah 57:19 (“far off… near,” Ephesians 2:13, 2:17) — Lock רְחוֹקִים / קְרוֹבִים as the fixed pair, matching the semantic analysis (07) already proposed rendering; use consistently at both occurrences within Ephesians.
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Psalm 68:18 (Ephesians 4:8) — No Romans parallel exists for this specific citation; nonetheless, lock a single rendering for consistency across all Ephesians teaching documents, since this verse will likely recur in expository material on Christ’s ascension and lordship (already Critical doctrines in the baseline).
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Isaiah 63:10 (“grieved his Holy Spirit,” background to Ephesians 4:30) — When cited as background in teaching notes, render consistently with the baseline’s Ruach HaKodesh (רוח הקודש) personhood framing; this OT precedent should be actively taught as reinforcing, not merely permitting, the doctrine of the Spirit’s personal grief.
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Genesis 15:6 (not directly quoted in Ephesians, but the underlying doctrinal parallel to Ephesians 2:8-10’s grace/faith/not-of-works formula) — When teaching Ephesians 2:8-10 alongside Romans 4, the existing baseline TM entry
imputed_righteousness(נחשבת לו לצדקה) and its translator note distinguishing Biblical-Hebrew תזדקה from Modern Hebrew’s narrowed “charity” sense must be cross-referenced explicitly, even though Ephesians itself does not quote the verse.
Chapter Coverage Confirmation
| Chapter | OT Quotation/Allusion Coverage Status |
|---|---|
| 1 | Covered — Psalm 8:6, Psalm 24:1, Psalm 110:1, Isaiah 11:2, Isaiah 42:1, Deuteronomy 34:9, Daniel 2:44, Song of Songs 8:6, Exodus 6:6, Exodus 34:6-7, Leviticus 17:11 |
| 2:1-10 (core) | Covered — Genesis 2:17, Genesis 3:19, Genesis 15:6 (doctrinal parallel), Romans 5:12-19 parallel |
| 2:11-22 | Covered — Genesis 17:9-14, Isaiah 57:19, Psalm 118:22, Isaiah 28:16, Exodus 25:8, 1 Kings 8:10-13, Romans 9:4-5 / 9:33 / 11:17-24 parallels |
| 3 | Covered — Daniel 2:28-29,47, Genesis 12:3, Genesis 22:18, Psalm 87, Romans 4:11-16 / 11:17 parallels |
| 4 | Covered — Deuteronomy 6:4, Malachi 2:10, Psalm 68:18, Genesis 1:26-27, Zechariah 8:16, Psalm 4:4, Isaiah 63:10, Romans 12:6-8 parallel |
| 5 | Covered — Exodus 29:18, Leviticus 1:9, Genesis 8:21, Isaiah 60:1, Isaiah 26:19, Genesis 2:24, Hosea 1-3, Ezekiel 16, Isaiah 54:5, Isaiah 62:5 |
| 6 | Covered — Exodus 20:12/Deuteronomy 5:16, Deuteronomy 10:17, Leviticus 19:15, Job 34:19, Isaiah 11:5, Isaiah 59:17, Isaiah 52:7, Isaiah 49:2, Daniel 10:13,20, Romans 2:11 / 8:38 / 10:15 parallels |
No chapter of Ephesians is without documented OT/typological cross-reference; every chapter’s load-bearing quotations and allusions are represented above.
This document must be loaded alongside analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, analysis/08_core_glossary.md, and the baseline Romans Language Package before Phase 2 Step 16 batch processing begins for any Ephesians document containing Scripture citations or cross-references to Romans material.