Linguistic Gap Analysis

1 Timothy | English → Italian

Source language: English Destination language: Italian Curriculum: 1 Timothy 1–6 Core passage: 1 Timothy 3:1–13 (Qualifications for Overseers and Deacons) Baseline authority: Romans Language Package for Italian (translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, doctrine_risk_registry.json, 12_ai_translation_requirements.md)

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Purpose

This document is the Phase 1 linguistic gap analysis for the 1 Timothy curriculum. It identifies where Italian has (a) genuinely missing vocabulary for a biblical concept, (b) crowded semantic neighborhoods where an existing Italian word is dominated by a competing Catholic sacramental, liturgical, devotional, or civic sense, and (c) transliteration-vs-paraphrase decision points. It concludes with a ranked list of the letter’s highest-risk ambiguities to prioritize for human theologian review in Phase 2.

This analysis extends, and does not contradict, the baseline Romans Language Package. Every baseline term reused here (grazia, fede, giustizia, salvezza, chiesa, Signore, Spirito Santo, intercessione, misericordia, elezione, legge, peccato, gloria, carismi, ringraziamento, santo/santificazione) retains its baseline rendering, risk tier, and rationale unless a 1 Timothy-specific intensification is noted below. All findings here are consistent with and were used to derive analysis/08_core_glossary.md and the curriculum-specific entries of assets/bible_term_registry.json.

Full-book coverage confirmation: all six chapters of 1 Timothy were reviewed for this analysis. Chapter-by-chapter coverage notes appear in the final section.

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1. Doctrine Vocabulary Matrix

For each of the eight curriculum doctrines: the available Italian terms, their specific weaknesses, and the recommended handling strategy.

1.1 Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
sana dottrina, dottrina/insegnamento, insegnare una dottrina diversa, dottrine di demòni, favole (mythos), falsa conoscenza, coscienza	”Dottrina” carries the specific idiom “andare a dottrina” (attending parish catechism class as a child), risking the health-metaphor force of Paul’s “sound/sick” contrast collapsing into “correct catechism content” rather than a vigorous whole-of-life category. “Mito” in modern Italian often connotes an admired legend/hero (positive), inverting Paul’s dismissive use of mythos.	Retain “sana dottrina” and “dottrina” but reinforce the health metaphor explicitly in surrounding teaching text (sana/malata) rather than relying on the noun alone; render mythos as “favole” (fable/fairy-tale) rather than “miti” to preserve the pejorative charge. Flag heterodidaskaleō and didaskaliai daimoniōn occurrences (1:3, 4:1, 6:3) for theologian review given their structural centrality to this doctrine.

1.2 Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
vescovo/episcopato, anziano, uomo anziano/donna anziana, diacono, il collegio degli anziani, imposizione delle mani, governare (bene), marito di una sola moglie, donne (3:11), esercitare autorità, buona reputazione/posizione, doppio onore	This is the single densest collision zone in the curriculum: “vescovo” imports the monarchical diocesan-bishop office; “presbitero” (rejected) would import the ordained-priest office; “imposizione delle mani” is the standard designation of the sacrament of Holy Orders/Confirmation; “marito di una sola moglie” presupposes married leadership against the backdrop of Latin-rite celibacy discipline; “donne” (3:11) is genuinely ambiguous in Greek and bears on the live women’s-diaconate question.	Retain established renderings (continuity with CEI/Riveduta tradition) but attach mandatory disambiguating translator notes at every occurrence distinguishing Paul’s plural, local, congregational office from the later monarchical/sacramental Catholic offices of the same Italian name. Preserve, rather than resolve, the “donne” ambiguity in 3:11. Route authenteō (2:12) and gynaikas (3:11) to mandatory theologian review with explicit lexical-debate notes per the baseline’s escalation-rule pattern (cf. election/predestination language).

1.3 Christ as the One Mediator

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
mediatore, riscatto, la bella confessione di fede, Re dei re e Signore dei signori	”Mediatore” sits in direct tension with the Catholic Marian title “Mediatrice” (used in Marian devotion and at points in magisterial texts) and with the saints’-intercession devotional culture already flagged High in the Romans baseline. Bare “confessione” defaults to the sacrament of Penance.	Render “heis mesitēs” (2:5) with unqualified, exclusive force (“un solo mediatore”) and require a mandatory theologian note at every occurrence explicitly excluding co-mediation by Mary or the saints. Never allow bare “confessione” for homologia; always qualify as “la bella confessione di fede.”

1.4 Public Worship and Prayer

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
intercessione, ringraziamento, quelli che sono investiti di autorità, vita calma e tranquilla, la lettura pubblica [delle Scritture], santo (mani sante)	“Intercessione” carries the baseline’s strong pull toward Marian/saints’ devotional intercession even in 1 Timothy’s civic application (2:1); “ringraziamento” is deliberately kept apart from cognate “eucaristia” to avoid Mass collision; the hēsychia root recurs in both the civic-peace passage (2:2) and the contested women’s-silence passage (2:11–12), risking unintended lexical linkage if rendered inconsistently.	Maintain “ringraziamento,” never “eucaristia.” Track the hēsychia root across 2:2 and 2:11–12 deliberately: use “vita calma e tranquilla” for the civic sense and a distinct phrase for the worship-conduct sense so students do not conflate the two applications. Flag 2:1–2 and 2:8–15 together for native-speaker/theologian review as a set.

1.5 The Church as Pillar of Truth

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
colonna, fondamento/sostegno, casa di Dio, chiesa, verità	”Colonna” and “fondamento” transfer naturally (Italian already uses “colonna della società/famiglia” idiomatically) but combine with baseline High-risk “chiesa” to risk being read as scriptural warrant for the Catholic Magisterium’s self-understanding as sole infallible arbiter of truth, rather than the NT’s picture of the local congregation displaying/upholding received truth.	Always pair “colonna”/“fondamento” with “casa di Dio” (the family metaphor) in surrounding exposition to keep the local, relational sense primary; require a theologian note wherever 3:15 is quoted standalone (e.g. in leadership-training materials) warning against a Magisterial-authority reading.

1.6 Godliness and Contentment

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
pietà, contentamento, la pietà come fonte di guadagno, l’amore del denaro è radice di ogni sorta di mali, accumulando… un buon fondamento, modestia/moderazione	”Pietà” drifts toward compassion/pity in everyday Italian (“avere pietà,” “che pietà!”) — an Italian instance of the same word-drift-to-pity pattern already documented for “peccato” in the Romans baseline — and also names Catholic devotional art/practice (Michelangelo’s Pietà). “Accumulando… un buon fondamento” sits adjacent to the historical Catholic “tesoro della Chiesa” (treasury of merit/indulgences) doctrine.	Reinforce “pietà” contextually every occurrence (2:2; 3:16; 4:7–8; 6:3, 5–6, 11) with adjacent language of reverent, comprehensive God-honoring living, not mere compassion. Attach a translator note at 6:19 explicitly distinguishing the future-reward/security metaphor from the indulgences-adjacent “treasury of merit” doctrine.

1.7 Care for Widows and the Household of Faith

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
vedova, vedova nel vero senso della parola, essere iscritta nel registro, ha rinnegato la fede, servi/padroni	”Vedova nel vero senso della parola” is a paraphrase rather than a single lexical item; bare “vedova” alone loses Paul’s technical qualifying distinction between church-dependent and family-supported widows. “Essere iscritta nel registro” carries a mild institutional echo forward toward later Catholic consecrated-life structures — historically apt, not a distortion, but worth flagging so it is not read as anachronistic canon law.	Retain the paraphrase “vedova nel vero senso della parola” for ontōs chēra rather than a bare noun, since Italian has no single adjective capturing the technical qualifying force. Keep “ha rinnegato la fede” at full strength (parallel to Peter’s denial) — do not soften to “ha deluso la propria fede” or similar weakened options.

1.8 Guarding the Deposit of Faith

Available Italian terms	Weaknesses	Recommended strategy
custodisci il deposito, il mistero della fede, il mistero della pietà, falsa conoscenza	”Il deposito della fede” (depositum fidei) is itself a technical Catholic magisterial category naming the whole of revelation entrusted to the Church’s authoritative interpretation. “Il mistero della fede” is the fixed liturgical acclamation spoken at every Italian Mass during the Eucharistic Prayer. Both phrases will be heard by a Mass-attending or lapsed-Catholic reader as institutional/liturgical formulas before they are heard as Paul’s personal charge to Timothy.	Retain both renderings for continuity with established Bible tradition, but require a mandatory disambiguating translator note at EVERY occurrence (6:20 for “deposito”; 3:9 and, compounded, 3:16 for “mistero della fede/pietà”) clarifying that Paul addresses an individual minister’s personal-pastoral duty, not a claim about magisterial interpretive authority or the Eucharistic liturgy.

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2. Missing Vocabulary vs. Crowded Semantic Neighborhoods

2.1 Genuinely Missing Vocabulary (no clean single-word Italian equivalent)

These are concepts for which Italian has no ready-made lexical item and a descriptive paraphrase is unavoidable; the risk here is inconsistency across translators/segments rather than doctrinal collision.

Concept	Greek	Gap description	Recommended fixed paraphrase
ontōs chēra (“genuine/true widow,” technical)	ὄντως χήρα	No single Italian adjective captures “qualifying, church-dependent widow” as distinct from any woman who has lost a husband.	vedova nel vero senso della parola (fixed across all occurrences)
bathmos (“step/rank” gained through service)	βαθμός	Italian lacks a non-anachronistic word for “standing gained through faithful service” that does not import either a literal staircase image or a clerical-promotion-ladder image.	buona reputazione/posizione (paraphrase; avoid “gradino”)
authenteō (rare, contested “exercise authority/domineer”)	αὐθεντέω	The word is a lexical rarity even in Koine Greek (its only NT occurrence is here); Italian cannot resolve an ambiguity the source language itself leaves genuinely contested.	esercitare autorità, with mandatory theologian note laying out the lexical debate rather than presenting a settled rendering
autarkeia (Stoic-derived “self-sufficiency” redirected to godliness)	αὐτάρκεια	Italian “autosufficienza” imports the Stoic philosophical term too literally and loses Paul’s theological redirection toward God-grounded, not self-grounded, contentment.	contentamento (paraphrase-adjacent single word, with teaching note on Stoic background)
eusebeia… porismos (godliness weaponized as profit motive)	εὐσέβεια… πορισμόν	No single Italian noun captures “profiteering off of piety”; requires a descriptive phrase.	la pietà come fonte di guadagno

2.2 Crowded Semantic Neighborhoods Requiring Fencing

These are cases where Italian does have an established, tradition-continuous rendering, but that rendering is heavily occupied by a competing Catholic sacramental, liturgical, devotional, or civic sense that must be actively fenced off in every occurrence.

Italian term	Competing occupant of the semantic space	Fencing strategy
vescovo	Monarchical diocesan bishop (single office-holder per diocese; Vatican physically resident in Italy)	Mandatory note at every occurrence: Paul’s episkopos is plural, local, congregational — not the later monarchical office.
diacono	Canonically ordained clerical office within Holy Orders (permanent/transitional deacons)	Note that the text presents a tested office of service and doctrinal integrity, not necessarily sacramental ordination theology.
imposizione delle mani	Standard Italian designation of the rite within Holy Orders and Confirmation	Note distinguishing the charismatic commissioning event described (4:14; 5:22) from full sacramental-ordination theology (indelible character, apostolic succession).
confessione (bare)	The sacrament of Penance (“andare a confessione”)	Never leave bare; always qualify as “la bella confessione di fede” for homologia.
il mistero della fede	The fixed Eucharistic Prayer acclamation at every Italian Mass	Mandatory disambiguating note at 3:9 distinguishing Paul’s summary of apostolic belief from the Mass acclamation.
il mistero della pietà	Compounds “mistero” (above) with “pietà” (below)	Mandatory note at 3:16 addressing both collisions together.
pietà	Compassion/pity in ordinary speech; Catholic devotional art/practice (Pietà)	Contextual reinforcement (God-honoring comprehensive living) required at every occurrence.
il deposito (della fede)	The technical Catholic magisterial category depositum fidei	Note that Paul’s charge is personal-pastoral, addressed to an individual minister, not a claim about magisterial interpretive authority.
fu assunto nella gloria / assunto	The Roman Catholic dogma of the Assumption of Mary (15 August, national holiday)	Note clarifying Christ’s unique ascension-exaltation is not analogous in kind or authority to the Marian dogma.
apparizione (rejected for epiphaneia)	Marian apparition devotional culture (Lourdes, Fatima, Italian shrine traditions)	Avoid entirely; use “manifestazione/venuta” instead.
mediatore	The Catholic Marian title “Mediatrice” and saints’-intercession devotional culture	Note requiring unqualified, exclusive rendering of “heis mesitēs” (2:5); resist any softening implying co-mediators.
intercessione	Marian/saints’ intercessory devotion (rosary, novenas, shrine pilgrimage — the baseline’s strongest Italian collision)	Even in 1 Timothy’s civic application (2:1) and creation-sanctifying application (4:5), the collision risk is not reduced; disambiguating context required at each occurrence.
misericordia	The Divine Mercy devotion (St. Faustina) and the 2015–16 Jubilee Year of Mercy	Note that Paul’s use (1:13, 16) is plain testimonial — undeserved compassion shown to a former persecutor — not a reference to the devotional framework.
colonna (della verità)	The Catholic Magisterium’s self-understanding as infallible truth-arbiter	Pair with “casa di Dio” and require a note wherever 3:15 is quoted standalone.
elezione (eletti angeli, 5:21)	Political elections (elezioni politiche)	Lower-stakes than the Romans soteriological usage but retain baseline caution; context (angelic, not human, electorate) largely self-disambiguates.
anziano	Both the elder office and ordinary “older person”; also phonetically/etymologically adjacent to “presbitero” (rejected)	Disambiguate explicitly within chapter 5 as “anziano” (office) vs. “uomo anziano/donna anziana” (age); never use “presbitero.”
marito di una sola moglie	Latin-rite priestly celibacy discipline (highly visible Italian clerical norm)	Note distinguishing the qualification (marital fidelity where married) from any claim that marriage is mandatory or that celibacy is precluded.

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3. Transliteration vs. Paraphrase Decisions

Term	Decision	Rationale
episkopos/episkopē	Retain established translation “vescovo/episcopato” (NOT paraphrase “sorvegliante” or “supervisore”)	Preserves continuity with both CEI and Riveduta Bible tradition; “sorvegliante” breaks that continuity, and “supervisore” sounds corporate/secular. Collision risk is managed via mandatory notes, not by inventing a new term.
diakonos	Retain established transliteration “diacono”	Shared, stable across traditions; inventing an alternative would fragment cross-denominational readability with no offsetting doctrinal gain.
presbyteros (office)	Translate as “anziano,” explicitly reject “presbitero"	"Presbitero” is the technical Catholic term for an ordained priest sharing the same root; using it would import full sacramental-priesthood theology Paul’s text does not require.
mesitēs	Translate as “mediatore” (no transliteration option available/needed)	Standard, intelligible Italian word; the risk is doctrinal-collision, not comprehensibility, so paraphrase would not reduce risk — fencing via mandatory note is the correct remedy instead.
antilytron	Translate as “riscatto,” reject paraphrase “prezzo di liberazione"	"Riscatto” is vivid, intelligible, ordinary Italian (kidnapping-ransom register) that preserves the atonement imagery; the more paraphrastic alternative dilutes the substitutionary-price sense.
authenteō	Translate as “esercitare autorità” (with mandatory lexical-debate note); do NOT transliterate as “autenteo”	The word’s extreme rarity makes transliteration meaningless to an Italian reader; a translated rendering with an explicit interpretive note is required instead of pretending linguistic certainty.
parathēkē	Translate as “il deposito,” reject transliteration “paratheca"	"Deposito” is comprehensible ordinary/legal Italian (a trustee’s deposited property) and preserves the commercial-trust metaphor; transliteration would be opaque and would not reduce the depositum-fidei collision risk, which must instead be fenced with a note.
mystērion	Translate as “mistero” throughout, including in the fixed phrases “il mistero della fede” / “il mistero della pietà”	Established rendering across Italian Bible tradition; the liturgical-acclamation collision is addressed by mandatory notes, not by avoiding the word, since avoiding it would break consistency with how “mystērion” is rendered elsewhere in Scripture.
eusebeia	Translate as “pietà,” reject “devozione” and “religiosità"	"Devozione” narrows to devotional-practice only; “religiosità” is too generic/secular. “Pietà” is the closest available match despite its pity/compassion drift risk, which is managed by contextual reinforcement rather than lexical substitution.
autarkeia	Translate as “contentamento,” reject “autosufficienza"	"Autosufficienza” imports the Stoic term too literally and loses Paul’s God-grounded theological redirection; “contentamento” better carries the redirected sense while still requiring a background teaching note.
epiphaneia	Translate as “manifestazione/venuta,” explicitly reject “apparizione"	"Apparizione” is strongly and specifically associated with Marian apparition devotional culture in Italy; the alternative renderings keep the term squarely Christ-centered.
anelēmphthē en doxē	Translate as “fu assunto nella gloria” (retain, with mandatory note) rather than paraphrase around “assunto"	"Assunto/assunzione” is the standard and only natural Italian rendering of this verb; avoiding it entirely would break translation-tradition continuity, so the collision with the Marian Assumption dogma is fenced via a mandatory clarifying note instead of lexical avoidance.
Abba (cross-reference only; not present in 1 Timothy but relevant to consistency)	N/A — no occurrence in this letter	Noted only to confirm no new transliteration decision is required here; baseline “Abba” convention remains unaffected.

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4. Ranked List of Highest-Risk Ambiguities

Ranked by combined severity of (a) doctrinal centrality, (b) intensity of the competing Italian cultural/religious association, and (c) likelihood of silent misreading by the letter’s mixed Catholic/Waldensian-evangelical/secular Italian audience.

1. σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας — “saved through childbearing” (2:15). Critical. The single most exegetically disputed clause in the letter; any Italian rendering that silently resolves the ambiguity risks teaching salvation-by-works-through-motherhood, directly contradicting the sola-gratia Grace doctrine already Critical in the baseline. Mandatory ambiguity-preserving rendering plus theologian note at every occurrence.

2. γυναῖκας — “women/wives” (3:11). Critical. Genuinely ambiguous in the Greek; bears directly on the live, contemporary women’s-diaconate question active within Italian Catholic (2016–2023 Vatican commissions), Waldensian (which ordains women), and Pentecostal/evangelical practice. Must not be resolved in either direction in the base text.

3. αὐθεντέω — “exercise authority/domineer” (2:12). Critical. One of the rarest words in the entire NT with sharply contested lexicography; sits at the center of the contemporary complementarian/egalitarian debate as it plays out across all three Italian religious communities addressed by this curriculum.

4. ἐπίσκοπος/ἐπισκοπή — “vescovo/episcopato” (3:1–7; cf. 5:17). Critical/High. The strongest ecclesiological-office collision in the curriculum: the established Italian rendering names the monarchical diocesan bishop in the country where the papacy is physically resident, while Paul’s term names a plural, local, congregational office.

5. μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως / τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον — “the mystery of the faith/godliness” (3:9, 16). Critical. Identical phrasing to the fixed Eucharistic Prayer acclamation spoken at every Italian Mass; for Mass-attending or lapsed-Catholic readers this is the single strongest liturgical-formula collision in the letter.

6. ἡ καλὴ ὁμολογία — “the good confession” (6:12–13). Critical. Bare “confessione” defaults overwhelmingly to the sacrament of Penance, one of Italy’s most culturally embedded religious practices; parallels the baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession-of-Lordship risk.

7. τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον — “guard the deposit” (6:20). Critical. Collides with the technical Catholic magisterial category depositum fidei / “il deposito della fede,” risking a shift from Paul’s personal-pastoral charge to a claim about institutional interpretive authority.

8. μεσίτης — “mediator” (2:5). Critical. Direct doctrinal collision with the Catholic Marian title “Mediatrice” and the broader saints’-intercession devotional culture; the “one Mediator” claim must remain unqualified and exclusive.

9. ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ — “taken up in glory” (3:16). High. “Assunto/assunzione” collides with the Roman Catholic dogma of the Assumption of Mary, celebrated as a national civil holiday (15 August) — a uniquely Italian intensification of this risk relative to other language batches.

10. μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα — “husband of one wife” (3:2, 12). High. Presupposes married leadership as normative, in direct historical and cultural tension with the highly visible Latin-rite discipline of clerical celibacy.

11. στῦλος/ἑδραίωμα — “pillar and foundation of the truth” (3:15). High. Names the curriculum doctrine directly; risks being read as biblical warrant for the Catholic Magisterium’s self-understanding as sole infallible truth-arbiter.

12. ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν — “laying on of hands” (4:14; 5:22). High. Standard Italian designation of the ordination rite within Holy Orders and of Confirmation; risks importing full sacramental-ordination theology onto a charismatic commissioning event.

13. ἐπιφάνεια — “appearing” (6:14). High. “Apparizione” is strongly associated with Marian apparition devotional culture (Lourdes, Fatima, Italian shrine equivalents); requires deliberate avoidance in favor of “manifestazione/venuta.”

14. ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι — “vindicated/justified in the Spirit” (3:16). High (compounded with baseline Critical). Uses the identical verb root as the baseline’s Critical “giustificazione,” but the referent is Christ’s own vindication, not a sinner’s forensic acquittal; risk of cross-curriculum doctrinal confusion for students moving between Romans and 1 Timothy.

15. δικαιοσύνη in its ethical/virtue sense — “pursue righteousness” (6:11), cross-referenced against the ethical sense at 2:15’s implicit backdrop. High. Same Italian word “giustizia” as the baseline’s Critical forensic-righteousness term; risk that students conclude righteousness-as-pursued-virtue contradicts or is a precondition for righteousness-as-gift.

16. εὐσέβεια… πορισμόν — “godliness as a means of gain” (6:5). High. Direct contemporary relevance to prosperity-gospel-style teaching present in some Italian Pentecostal/charismatic circles; compounds the general “pietà” drift risk with a live pastoral application.

17. ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω / διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων — false-teaching polemic (1:3–4; 4:1; 6:3). High. Structural backbone of the Sound Doctrine doctrine; must retain full polemical force (including the demonic-origin claim at 4:1) without softening into generic doctrinal disagreement.

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5. Chapter-by-Chapter Coverage Confirmation

Chapter	Load-bearing contribution reviewed
1 Timothy 1	Sound doctrine vs. false teaching (heterodidaskaleō, myths, law’s restraining purpose, teachings of demons anticipated); Paul’s testimony of mercy/grace toward “the foremost of sinners” (misericordia, grazia intensification); “faithful saying” formula introduced.
1 Timothy 2	Public worship and prayer (intercession for civic authorities, hēsychia root); universal/particular salvific will tension (savior of all people); Christ as the One Mediator and ransom (2:5–6); the good confession pattern anticipated; the contested gender-and-authority-in-worship passage (authenteō, saved through childbearing).
1 Timothy 3	Core passage. Qualifications for overseers and deacons in full (episkopos, diakonos, husband of one wife, women/deacons ambiguity, laying-on-of-hands background, standing/bathmos); the Church as Pillar of Truth (colonna, hedraiōma, oikos theou); the Christological confession-hymn (mystery of godliness, manifested in flesh, vindicated in Spirit, taken up in glory).
1 Timothy 4	Sound doctrine vs. ascetic false teaching (forbidding marriage/foods); sanctification through word and prayer; spiritual gifts and laying on of hands (commissioning); public reading of Scripture; godliness introduced as a comprehensive life-category.
1 Timothy 5	Care for widows and the household of faith (genuine widow, enrolled widows, denied the faith); elder office vs. elder-as-age disambiguation; double honor for elders; two-or-three-witness rule; council of elders.
1 Timothy 6	Godliness and contentment in full (autarkeia, love of money, godliness as gain, storing up a good foundation); slaves/masters household ethics; the good confession and King of kings doxology; guard the deposit (falsely called knowledge, guard the deposit); fight the good fight.

No chapter of 1 Timothy is silently omitted; every chapter contributes new load-bearing vocabulary or intensifies a baseline-term risk, consistent with analysis/08_core_glossary.md.

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Version Control Note

This is a Phase 1 (Step 8) analysis artifact feeding the core glossary (08_core_glossary.md) and the curriculum-specific bible_term_registry.json entries. Any revision to the rankings, fencing strategies, or transliteration decisions in this document must be reflected in those downstream artifacts and in translation_memory.json before Phase 2 translation begins, per the increment procedure in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.

This document extends, and does not contradict, the baseline Romans Language Package for Italian.