Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Acts (English → Italian)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, across the entire book of Acts (chapters 1–28). Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE] and their recorded Italian rendering, risk tier, and notes are reused exactly, per governing rule. New terms specific to this Acts curriculum are assessed fresh, following the same methodology as the baseline bible_term_registry.json.
Risk tiers follow the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions:
- Critical — Human theologian review required for every occurrence.
- High — Human theologian review required.
- Medium — Native speaker review recommended.
- Low — Automated review sufficient.
A. Baseline Terms Reused from Romans (unchanged rendering)
| Term | Italian rendering | Risk | Doctrine | First Acts occurrence | Note for Acts context |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | vangelo | Low | Gospel | 1:8 | Stable across Acts. |
| grace | grazia | High | Grace | 4:33; 11:23; 15:11; 20:24 | Must sustain “apart from merit” sense through Acts 15:11’s Jerusalem Council climax. |
| faith | fede | Medium | Faith | 3:16; 24:24 | Object of faith (Christ) must stay recoverable from context. |
| righteousness | giustizia | Critical | Salvation | 3:14; 24:25 | Applied as a Christological title (“the Holy and Righteous One,” “the Righteous One”) in Acts, not only as an abstract soteriological term. |
| justification | giustificazione | Critical | Salvation | 13:38-39 | First explicit Acts statement of the doctrine Romans develops fully; must match baseline rendering exactly. |
| salvation | salvezza | Medium | Salvation | 4:12; 16:31 | Governs the “no other name” exclusivity claim (4:12). |
| apostle | apostolo | Low | Apostleship | 1:2, 21-26 | Establishes the eyewitness-to-resurrection qualifying criterion. |
| called/calling | chiamato/chiamata | High/Medium | Divine Calling | 2:39 | ”As many as the Lord our God calls to himself.” |
| holy | santo | Medium | Sanctification | 1:8 (Holy Spirit); 3:14 | See also new term “Holy and Righteous One” below. |
| saints | santi | High | Sainthood | 9:13, 32, 41 | Corporate designation for believers in Damascus/Joppa/Lydda; same Italian saint-veneration collision risk as baseline. |
| sanctification | santificazione | Medium | Sanctification | 26:18 | ”Sanctified by faith in me.” |
| resurrection | risurrezione | Medium | Resurrection of Christ | 1:22; 2:24-32; 4:2, 33; 17:18, 32; 23:6; 24:15, 21; 26:8, 23 | The most frequently recurring doctrinal term in Acts outside the core passage; central to Paul’s entire defense sequence (chs. 23-26). |
| lord | Signore | High | Lordship of Christ | 2:21, 36; 10:36; 16:31 | Acts 2:36’s “Signore e Cristo” is the climactic confession of the core passage. |
| son of God | Figlio di Dio | Critical | Sonship of Christ | 9:20 | Distinct from, but related to, new term “Son of Man” (below). |
| incarnation | incarnazione | Medium | Incarnation | (thematic, via 2:22-24) | No bare occurrence in Acts; underlies the “Jesus of Nazareth” humanity emphasis. |
| peace | pace | Low | Peace with God | 10:36 | ”Preaching peace through Jesus Christ.” |
| spiritual gifts | carismi | Medium | Spiritual Gifts | (thematic, via tongues/prophecy passages) | Acts narrates gift-manifestation (tongues, prophecy) more than it names “carismi” abstractly. |
| thanksgiving | ringraziamento | Low | Thanksgiving | 27:35 (giving thanks before breaking bread) | |
| fellowship | comunione fraterna | High | Christian Fellowship | 2:42 | Foundational four-fold pattern verse for The Church as Community doctrine. |
| church | chiesa | High | Church as God’s People | 5:11; 8:1, 3; 9:31; 11:26; 20:28 | Acts narrates the church’s very formation; heightens (does not reduce) the baseline institutional-collision risk. |
| kingdom of God | Regno di Dio | Medium | Kingdom Mission | 1:3, 6; 8:12; 14:22; 19:8; 20:25; 28:23, 31 | Bookends the entire narrative (1:3 / 28:31). |
| law | legge | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Justification apart from the Law | 7:53; 13:39; 15:5, 10, 24; 21:20-24 | Central to the Jerusalem Council (ch.15) and Justification apart from the Law doctrine. |
| sin | peccato | High | Universal Human Accountability | 2:38; 3:19; 5:31; 10:43; 13:38; 26:18 | Every “forgiveness of sins” occurrence across Acts carries the baseline “che peccato!” colloquial-drift risk. |
| gentiles | pagani | Medium | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | 4:27; 9:15; 10:45; 11:1, 18; 13:46-48; 14:27; 15:3, 7, 12, 14, 19; 18:6; 21:19, 25; 22:21; 26:17, 20, 23; 28:28 | The single most frequent baseline term in Acts by raw occurrence count; central to this curriculum’s namesake doctrine. |
| glory | gloria | Medium | Deity of Christ | 7:55 (glory of God seen by Stephen); 12:23 (Herod’s judgment for taking glory due to God) | |
| obedience of faith | obbedienza della fede | High | Obedience of Faith | (thematic, via 6:7 “the faith” spreading) | No verbatim occurrence; thematic background to “the word of God increased” refrain. |
| power of God | potenza di Dio | Medium | Power of God for Salvation | 1:8; 4:33 (implicit); 10:38 | Grounds Apostolic Authority and Miracles doctrine throughout. |
| messiah | Messia | Medium | Messianic Promise | 2:36 (Cristo); 9:22; 17:3; 18:5, 28 | Rendered “Cristo” per established convention when transliterating Χριστός as title, consistent with baseline’s Christ/Messiah equivalence. |
| prophet | profeta | Low | Inspiration of Scripture | 3:18, 21-25 (Moses, “a prophet like me”); 7:37, 52; 13:1 (NT prophets, e.g. Agabus, 11:28; 21:10) | Note Acts also has ongoing NT prophetic gift (Agabus), not only OT prophets. |
| prophecy | profezia | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 2:16-21 (Joel); 13:47 (Isaiah 49:6); 15:15-18 (Amos) | |
| covenant | alleanza | Medium | Davidic Covenant | 3:25; 7:8 | |
| election | elezione | High | Effectual Calling | 9:15 (chosen instrument, conceptually); 13:48 | See new term “appointed to eternal life” and “chosen instrument” below, both direct extensions of this baseline term. |
| intercession | intercessione | High | Prayer and Intercession | 12:5 (church praying for Peter); 7:60/Stephen’s dying prayer (conceptually parallel) | Acts models believers interceding for one another, not a separate saints’-intercession category — reinforces baseline caution. |
| providence | provvidenza | Medium | Providence | 27:22-24, 34 | Extensively tested in the shipwreck narrative. |
| mission | missione | Medium | Mission to the Nations / Great Commission Fulfilled | 13:2-4; 22:21 | Acts is the primary NT narrative of “missione” in action. |
| david | Davide | Low | Davidic Covenant | 2:25, 29, 34; 4:25; 7:45; 13:22, 34, 36; 15:16 | |
| israel | Israele | Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 1:6; 2:36; 4:10, 27; 5:21, 31; 9:15; 10:36; 13:16-24; 21:28; 28:20 | Same contemporary political-conflation caution as baseline. |
| jesus | Gesù | Low | Lordship of Christ | throughout | |
| god | Dio | Medium | Deity of Christ | throughout | |
| holy spirit | Spirito Santo | Medium | Sanctification/Holy Spirit and Pentecost | throughout, esp. 2:4, 33, 38; 5:3, 9, 32; 8:17-18; 10:44-47; 15:8, 28; 19:2, 6; 20:28 | Acts is the primary NT narrative of the Holy Spirit and Pentecost doctrine; risk tier arguably functions as Critical for this curriculum given the doctrine’s centrality, though the baseline term entry itself remains at its recorded Medium/Critical split (Medium in translation_memory.json, Critical in bible_term_registry.json) — retain both baseline entries unchanged; flag every Acts occurrence for consistent, personal (never impersonal-force) rendering. |
| father | Padre | Medium | Adoption into God’s Family | 1:4, 7; 2:33 | |
| exhort | esortare | Low | Mutual Edification | 2:40; 11:23; 14:22; 20:1-2 | |
| seed of David | discendente di Davide | Medium | Davidic Covenant | 13:23 | |
| imputed righteousness | giustizia imputata | Critical | Justification by Faith | (thematic, via 13:38-39) | No verbatim Acts occurrence of the Romans 4-style imputation language, but 13:38-39 is the same doctrinal complex; must remain consistent with Romans curriculum rendering. |
B. New Terms Introduced by Acts (fresh risk assessment)
| Term (English) | Original (translit.) | Italian rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pentecost | πεντηκοστή (pentēkostē) | Pentecoste | High | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | Collides with both the Catholic liturgical feast frame and the “Pentecostale” denominational-label frame (Assemblee di Dio in Italia); must be anchored as the historical, once-for-all salvation-history event narrated in Acts 2, not primarily a liturgical date or a denominational distinctive. |
| tongues (Acts 2 sense) | γλῶσσαι (glōssai) | lingue | Critical | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | ”glossolalia” (untranslated technical term) | Must be anchored as real, known, intelligible human languages (xenoglossy), explicitly distinguished from the private/ecstatic-speech “tongues” of 1 Corinthians 12-14, which Italian Pentecostal/Charismatic tradition may otherwise default to reading into Acts 2. |
| filled with the Holy Spirit | πλησθέντες πνεύματος ἁγίου (eplēsthēsan pneumatos hagiou) | essere ripieno/ripieni di Spirito Santo | High | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | Must be presented as the Acts narrative pattern of repeated, situational empowerment for witness, not identified wholesale with the distinct “Spirit baptism”/“effusione” second-blessing theology of Italian Pentecostal and Catholic Charismatic Renewal movements, without denying legitimate points of contact for reviewer discussion. |
| devout (of Jews) | εὐλαβής (eulabēs) | devoto/pio | Low-Medium | Inspiration of Scripture (background) | — | Distinguish from “temente Dio” (God-fearer, of Gentiles) below — do not conflate the two categories. |
| God-fearer | φοβούμενος τὸν θεόν (phoboumenos ton theon) | temente Dio | Medium | The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Technical designation for Gentile sympathizers with Jewish monotheism/ethics prior to full inclusion (Cornelius, 10:2, 22; also 13:16, 26). |
| own language / dialect | ἰδίᾳ διαλέκτῳ (idia dialektō) | lingua propria / dialetto | Medium | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | Textual proof that Acts 2’s tongues are known human languages; reinforces the Critical flag on “lingue” above. |
| last days | ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις (eschatais hēmerais) | ultimi giorni | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | — | Risk of imminent-apocalyptic sensationalist misreading in popular Italian usage; sense is an inaugurated era beginning at Pentecost. |
| pour out (the Spirit) | ἐκχεῶ (ekcheō) | effondere | Medium | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | “Effusione dello Spirito” is established Catholic Charismatic Renewal technical vocabulary for a distinct, later experience; anchor Acts 2:17 in the founding historical event itself. |
| foreknowledge | πρόγνωσις (prognōsis) | prescienza (di Dio) | Medium | Providence | — | Connects to baseline “provvidenza”; must convey purposive sovereign plan, not bare prediction. |
| Hades | ᾅδης (Hadēs) | Ades / il regno dei morti | High | Resurrection of Christ | ”inferno” (REJECTED — imports final-punishment “hell” theology foreign to the neutral realm-of-the-dead sense) | Must not be rendered “inferno.” |
| holy one (hosios) | ὅσιος (hosios) | santo | Medium | Sonship of Christ / Deity of Christ | — | Distinct Greek root from ἅγιος but no distinct Italian lexical equivalent exists; footnote-level distinction only. |
| patriarch | πατριάρχης (patriarchēs) | patriarca | Low-Medium | Davidic Covenant | — | Minor secondary association with Eastern-rite ecclesiastical “Patriarca” title; context (David) disambiguates. |
| witness | μάρτυς (martys) | testimone | Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness | ”martire” (REJECTED as primary rendering — reserve for explicit death-for-testimony contexts only) | Watch semantic drift across the book toward “martyr” sense; keep “testimone” as default throughout Acts. |
| exalted | ὑψωθεὶς (hypsōtheis) | innalzato/esaltato | Medium | Lordship of Christ | — | |
| promise | ἐπαγγελία (epangelia) | promessa | Medium | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost / Covenant | — | Binding divine pledge, not mere possibility. |
| repentance / repent | μετάνοια / μετανοέω (metanoia / metanoeō) | conversione / convertirsi | Critical | Repentance and Baptism | ”pentimento/pentitevi” (flagged, not fully rejected — retained as an acceptable but higher-risk alternative given sacramental-Confession collision); “ravvedimento/ravvedetevi” (Protestant-tradition register, acceptable secondary choice) | Central hinge term of the core passage (2:38) and the whole Repentance and Baptism doctrine; requires reviewer confirmation of target audience register at every occurrence. |
| baptism / baptize | βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω (baptisma / baptizō) | battesimo / battezzare | Critical | Repentance and Baptism | — | Direct Catholic infant-sacramental-regeneration vs. evangelical believer’s-baptism collision; every occurrence requires theologian review, especially 2:38, 16:31-33, 19:1-5. |
| forgiveness of sins | ἄφεσις τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν (aphesis tōn hamartiōn) | perdono dei peccati | High | Repentance and Baptism | ”remissione dei peccati” (flagged as an acceptable but higher-collision-risk liturgical alternative, closely tied to the Catholic sacramental absolution formula) | Reuses baseline “peccato” (High) as its root. |
| gift of the Holy Spirit | δωρεὰ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος (dōrea tou hagiou pneumatos) | dono dello Spirito Santo | High | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | Collides with the distinct Catholic catechetical “sette doni dello Spirito Santo” (seven gifts of the Holy Spirit, tied to Confirmation); must clarify this is the Spirit himself given at conversion. |
| crooked generation | γενεὰ σκολιά (genea skolia) | generazione perversa/malvagia | Low-Medium | Repentance and Baptism (background) | — | |
| souls (converts) | ψυχαί (psychai) | persone (primary) / anime (acceptable literary alternative) | Low-Medium | The Church as Community | — | “Anime” alone risks a disembodied-soul misreading; “persone” clearer for general audiences. |
| breaking of bread | κλάσις τοῦ ἄρτου (klasis tou artou) | frazione del pane | High | The Church as Community | — | Strong Catholic Mass-liturgical/Eucharistic collision (“la frazione del pane” is the technical Mass phrase); must clarify Acts 2:42, 46 and 27:35 describe the early church’s shared-meal practice without presupposing developed Eucharistic/transubstantiation theology. |
| everything in common | ἅπαντα κοινά (hapanta koina) | tutto in comune | Medium | The Church as Community | — | Distinguish from the unrelated “common/unclean” (κοινός) sense at Acts 10:14 — same Greek root, different meaning; avoid Italian semantic bleed. |
| the Holy and Righteous One | τὸν ἅγιον καὶ δίκαιον (ton hagion kai dikaion) | il Santo e il Giusto | High | Sonship of Christ / Deity of Christ | — | Combines two baseline Critical/High-risk term-roots (santo, giustizia) as a formal Christological title; must not flatten into generic moral praise. |
| Author/Prince of life | ἀρχηγὸς τῆς ζωῆς (archēgos tēs zōēs) | autore/principe della vita | Medium | Resurrection of Christ | ”principe” alone (flagged — risks a merely honorary/royal reading) | Prefer “autore” (originator) as primary. |
| times of refreshing | καιροὶ ἀναψύξεως (kairoi anapsyxeōs) | tempi di ristoro/sollievo | Low-Medium | Repentance and Baptism (eschatological horizon) | — | |
| restoration of all things | ἀποκατάστασις πάντων (apokatastasis pantōn) | restaurazione/ripristino di tutte le cose | Medium-High | Fulfillment of Prophecy | — | Must not be conflated with the heterodox universalist “apocatastasis” doctrine (Origen); Acts 3 sense is covenant-promise restoration in Christ’s return. |
| boldness | παρρησία (parrēsia) | franchezza | Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness | — | Recurring standing term (4:13, 29, 31; 9:27-28; 13:46; 14:3; 18:26; 19:8; 26:26; 28:31); apply consistently at every occurrence. |
| no other name | οὐδὲ ἄλλο ὄνομα (oude allo onoma) | nessun altro nome | High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles / Justification apart from the Law | — | Preserve unqualified exclusivity. |
| one heart and soul | καρδία μία καὶ ψυχὴ μία (kardia mia kai psychē mia) | un cuore e un’anima sola | Low-Medium | The Church as Community | — | |
| to lie to / test the Holy Spirit | ψεύσασθαι / πειράσαι τὸ πνεῦμα (5:3-4, 9) | mentire allo Spirito Santo / metterlo alla prova | High | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | Reinforces the Spirit’s full, personal deity against any impersonal-force misreading. |
| ministry of the word / of tables | διακονία τοῦ λόγου / τῶν τραπεζῶν (diakonia tou logou / tōn trapezōn) | servizio della Parola / servizio delle mense | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles / The Church as Community | — | Historical root of, but not identical to, the later developed diaconate office; avoid over-reading later ecclesiology backward. |
| Hellenists / Hebrews | Ἑλληνισταί / Ἑβραῖοι (Hellēnistai / Hebraioi) | ellenisti / ebrei | Low-Medium | The Church as Community | — | Intra-Jewish linguistic-cultural subgroups, not a Jew-Gentile distinction; requires gloss. |
| Son of Man | ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου (ho Huios tou anthrōpou) | il Figlio dell’uomo | Medium-High | Deity of Christ | — | Distinct Daniel-7-rooted title from “Figlio di Dio” [BASELINE, Critical]; do not collapse the two. |
| uncircumcised in heart | ἀπερίτμητοι καρδίαις (aperitmētoi kardiais) | duri di cuore / incirconcisi di cuore | Medium | Justification apart from the Law | — | Anticipates Acts 15’s separation of circumcision from true covenant membership. |
| resisting the Holy Spirit | ἀντιπίπτετε τῷ πνεύματι (antipiptete tō pneumati) | resistere allo Spirito Santo | Medium | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | |
| sorcery / magic | μαγεία (mageia) | stregoneria / arte magica | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | — | Simon Magus’s counterfeit of genuine Spirit-power. |
| laying on of hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν (epithesis tōn cheirōn) | imposizione delle mani | High | Apostolic Authority and Miracles / The Holy Spirit and Pentecost | — | Direct terminological overlap with Catholic Confirmation and Holy Orders rites; clarify the specific functional sense in each Acts context (8:17-18; 9:17; 13:3; 19:6; 28:8) without importing a developed sacramental theology absent from the text. |
| the Way | ἡ ὁδός (hē hodos) | la Via | Medium | Conversion of Paul / Persecution and Bold Witness | — | Earliest Christian self-designation (9:2; 19:9, 23; 22:4; 24:14, 22); capitalize consistently once introduced. |
| chosen instrument | σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς (skeuos eklogēs) | strumento scelto | High | Conversion of Paul / Effectual Calling | — | Reuses baseline “elezione” (High) conceptual root. |
| scales fell from his eyes | ὡς λεπίδες ἀπέπεσαν (hōs lepides apepesan) | le squame gli cadano dagli occhi | Low | Conversion of Paul | — | Idiom requiring natural, not literal-only, phrasing. |
| common / unclean (ceremonial) | κοινός / ἀκάθαρτος (koinos / akathartos) | impuro / comune | High | The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Modern Italian “impuro” defaults to sexual-moral impurity; must clarify referent is ceremonial food law, and theological point is Gentile inclusion, not moral relativism. |
| God shows no partiality | οὐκ…προσωπολήμπτης (10:34) | Dio non fa preferenze di persone | High | Unity of Jews and Gentiles [BASELINE doctrine] / Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Thesis-statement phrase; render identically at every echo. |
| Christians (name) | Χριστιανοί (Christianoi) | cristiani | Medium | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Risk of flattening into today’s broad nominal-Catholic cultural-identity sense of “cristiano,” unlike its costly, minority, decisive sense at Antioch. |
| appointed to eternal life | τεταγμένοι εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον (13:48) | destinati alla vita eterna | High | Effectual Calling | — | Reuses baseline “elezione” (High) conceptual root; same theologian-review routing as baseline election passages. |
| turn to the Gentiles | ἐπιστρέφομεν εἰς τὰ ἔθνη (13:46) | ci volgiamo ai pagani | High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Flag against a supersessionist misreading; Paul continues Jewish-synagogue preaching elsewhere in Acts. |
| light for the Gentiles | φῶς ἐθνῶν (13:47) | luce delle nazioni/dei pagani | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Great Commission Fulfilled | — | |
| appointing elders | χειροτονήσαντες πρεσβυτέρους (14:23) | avendo designato degli anziani | Medium | The Church as Community / Apostolic Authority | — | Connects to Acts 20’s fuller elders/overseers discussion. |
| through many tribulations | διὰ πολλῶν θλίψεων (14:22) | attraverso molte tribolazioni | Low-Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness | — | |
| yoke (of the Law) | ζυγός (zygos, 15:10) | giogo | Medium | Justification apart from the Law | — | Reuses baseline “legge” (High) conceptual background. |
| it seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us | ἔδοξεν τῷ πνεύματι τῷ ἁγίῳ καὶ ἡμῖν (15:28) | parve bene allo Spirito Santo e a noi | Medium | The Holy Spirit and Pentecost / Apostolic Authority | — | Precedent cited across both Catholic conciliar and Protestant congregational traditions. |
| abstain from idols/blood/sexual immorality/strangled things | ἀπέχεσθαι εἰδωλοθύτων…αἵματος…πορνείας…πνικτοῦ (15:29) | astenersi dagli idoli, dal sangue, dalla fornicazione, dagli animali soffocati | Medium | Justification apart from the Law | — | Clarifies freedom from ceremonial Law ≠ freedom from all moral/table-fellowship boundaries. |
| the Lord opened her heart | ὁ κύριος διήνοιξεν τὴν καρδίαν (16:14) | il Signore le aprì il cuore | Medium-High | Effectual Calling | — | Reuses baseline “Signore” (High). |
| believe and be saved…household | πίστευσον…σωθήσῃ σὺ καὶ ὁ οἶκός σου (16:31) | credi…e sarai salvato, tu e la tua famiglia/casa | High | Repentance and Baptism / The Church as Community | — | Live intra-Italian-Christian paedobaptist-vs-credobaptist flashpoint (Waldensian/Reformed vs. Pentecostal/Baptist-evangelical); flag without dogmatic resolution. |
| unknown god | ἀγνώστῳ θεῷ (agnōstō theō) | dio ignoto | Medium | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Apologetic bridge-language, not religious-pluralism endorsement. |
| Areopagus | Ἄρειος Πάγος (Areios Pagos) | Areopago | Low | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles (setting) | — | Proper noun. |
| John’s baptism | τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου (19:3-4) | il battesimo di Giovanni | High | Repentance and Baptism | — | Unique, time-bound preparatory rite; not an ongoing parallel option to Christian baptism. |
| Artemis/Diana of the Ephesians | Ἄρτεμις (Artemis) | Artemide (degli Efesini) | Low | Persecution and Bold Witness (socio-economic dimension) | — | Proper noun; historical-cultural gloss recommended. |
| burning of the magic books | τὰς βίβλους κατέκαιον (19:19) | bruciarono i libri (di magia) | Low | Repentance and Baptism | — | |
| elders / overseers (same office) | πρεσβύτεροι / ἐπίσκοποι (20:17, 28) | anziani / sorveglianti (vescovi, glossed) | Critical | The Church as Community / Apostolic Authority | ”vescovi” unglossed (flagged — risks importing the later, fully developed Catholic episcopal office) | Live ecclesiological flashpoint between Catholic episcopal and Waldensian/evangelical presbyterian-congregational traditions; requires theologian review at every occurrence. |
| shepherd the flock | ποιμαίνειν τὸ ποίμνιον (20:28) | pascere il gregge | Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | — | Positive resonance with Italian evangelical “pastore” (Protestant minister title). |
| the whole counsel of God | πᾶσαν τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ θεοῦ (20:27) | tutto il consiglio/la volontà di Dio | Low-Medium | Apostolic Authority and Miracles | — | |
| Nazirite vow / purification | εὔχην…ἁγνισθῆναι (21:23-26) | voto (nazireo) / purificazione | Medium | Justification apart from the Law / Unity of Jews and Gentiles | — | Freedom from the Law’s necessity for salvation ≠ hostility to Jewish cultural-religious practice. |
| the Righteous One | τὸν δίκαιον (22:14) | il Giusto | High | Sonship of Christ / Deity of Christ | — | Reuses baseline “giustizia” (Critical) as a Christological title. |
| self-control | ἐγκράτεια (24:25) | autocontrollo / temperanza | Medium | Persecution and Bold Witness | — | Paired with “giustizia” in Paul’s confrontation of Felix. |
| heavenly vision | τῇ οὐρανίῳ ὀπτασίᾳ (26:19) | la visione celeste | Low | Conversion of Paul | — | |
| from the power of Satan to God | ἀπὸ τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ Σατανᾶ ἐπὶ τὸν θεόν (26:18) | dal potere di Satana a Dio | Medium | Conversion of Paul / Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Cosmic-conflict framing of conversion. |
| not a hair will perish | οὐδεμία ψυχὴ ἀπολεῖται…θρὶξ οὐ ἀπολεῖται (27:22, 34) | non perirà un solo capello dal capo di nessuno di voi | Low-Medium | Providence | — | Reuses baseline “provvidenza” (Medium) conceptually. |
| barbarians | βάρβαροι (28:2, 4) | barbari (glossed) | Medium-High | Gospel to Jews and Gentiles | — | Modern Italian carries strong pejorative “uncivilized/savage” connotation absent from the Koine ethnographic sense; gloss required to preserve Luke’s ironic positive point. |
| unhindered | ἀκωλύτως (28:31) | senza impedimento / liberamente | Low-Medium | Great Commission Fulfilled | — | Book’s climactic final word; pair consistently with “franchezza.” |
C. Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2 Preparation
- Baptism and Repentance vocabulary (Section B) constitutes the single highest-density cluster of Critical/High risk new terms in this glossary and should receive priority theologian review before any Phase 2 segment translation begins, given both the doctrinal weight of Acts 2:38 as the core passage’s hinge verse and the recurring paedobaptist/credobaptist household-salvation question (16:31) that surfaces repeatedly across the book (2:38-41; 8:12-13, 36-38; 9:18; 10:47-48; 16:15, 33; 18:8; 19:5).
- “Elders/overseers” (Acts 20:17, 28) requires the same Critical-tier theologian-review routing as the baseline’s Critical terms, given the direct ecclesiological consequence for Catholic episcopal versus Waldensian/evangelical presbyterian church-governance self-understandings within Italy.
- Tongues (γλῶσσαι) at 2:4, 10:46, and 19:6 must be tracked as a single consistent Critical-risk term-family across all three occurrences, distinguished explicitly from 1 Corinthians’ glossolalia, for internal curriculum consistency.
- “Pagani” (Gentiles) remains the single most frequent baseline term reused in Acts; given the curriculum’s namesake doctrine (“The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles”), reviewers should watch for cumulative flattening risk across dozens of occurrences and consider periodic reinforcement of the baseline’s “genti” alternative in especially sensitive passages (e.g., 10:34-35; 15:7-19).
- All terms in Section A retain their baseline
translation_memory.jsonversion-1 rendering unchanged; no baseline term is redefined by this glossary. Any apparent extension of a baseline term’s sense in Acts (e.g., “elezione” underlying “chosen instrument” and “appointed to eternal life”) is documented as a related new term in Section B, not a modification of the baseline entry itself.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: giustizia
Transliteration: giustizia (di Dio)
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: virtù
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: same court-coded default reading risk as baseline. In Acts also functions as a Christological title (‘the Holy and Righteous One,’ 3:14; ‘the Righteous One,’ 7:52, 22:14) — see holy_and_righteous_one and the_righteous_one entries below.
Justification
Approved rendering: giustificazione
Transliteration: giustificazione
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαίωσις / δικαιοῦται
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: Acts 13:38-39 is the earliest explicit Acts statement of the doctrine Romans develops fully; must match this rendering exactly, per the Theological Consistency Rules.
Salvation
Approved rendering: salvezza
Transliteration: salvezza
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (risk elevated from baseline’s Medium to Critical for this curriculum, consistent with bible_term_registry.json, given Acts 4:12’s ‘no other name’ exclusivity claim and 16:31’s household-salvation flashpoint). Governs 4:12; 16:31.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: risurrezione
Transliteration: risurrezione
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package (risk elevated from baseline’s Medium to Critical/High for this curriculum given Acts’s sustained apologetic use across 1:22; 2:24-32; 4:2,33; 17:18,32; 23:6-8; 24:15,21; 26:8,23). Must never be rendered with reincarnation/rebirth-cycle language; the Sadducee-Pharisee dispute (23:6-8) must not flatten resurrection into ‘one Jewish theological opinion among others.‘
Lord
Approved rendering: Signore
Transliteration: Signore
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: padrone
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 2:36’s climactic ‘Dio lo ha fatto Signore e Cristo’ is the rhetorical hinge of the entire core passage; the sermon’s force depends on the reader tracking ‘Signore’ (Joel’s YHWH, v.21) onto Jesus (v.36) as the identical exalted title, against the everyday ‘Mr./sir’ collision risk.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Figlio di Dio
Transliteration: Figlio di Dio
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 9:20. Distinct from, and must not be collapsed into, the Daniel-7-rooted title ‘il Figlio dell’uomo’ (Son of Man, Acts 7:56) — see son_of_man entry below.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: giustizia imputata
Transliteration: giustizia imputata
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: giustizia meritata
Original: ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. No verbatim Acts occurrence, but Acts 13:38-39 is the same doctrinal complex; must remain consistent with the baseline Romans curriculum rendering.
Tongues
Approved rendering: lingue
Transliteration: lingue
Doctrine: Tongues as Known, Intelligible Languages
Rejected alternatives: glossolalia (untranslated technical term rejected — a modern academic/charismatic term, not a Biblical-text word)
Original: γλῶσσαι
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. CRITICAL: must be anchored as real, known, intelligible human languages (xenoglossy), explicitly distinguished from the private/ecstatic-speech ‘tongues’ of 1 Corinthians 12-14, at every occurrence (2:4-11; 10:46; 19:6).
Repentance
Approved rendering: convertitevi/conversione
Transliteration: metanoia / metanoeō
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Rejected alternatives: pentimento/pentitevi (flagged, not fully rejected — retained as an acceptable but higher-risk alternative given sacramental-Confession collision; requires reviewer sign-off), ravvedetevi/ravvedimento (Riveduta/Protestant-tradition register, acceptable secondary choice)
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. CRITICAL: central hinge term of the core passage (Acts 2:38). Bare ‘pentimento/pentitevi’ strongly invites association with the Catholic sacrament of Penance/Confession, risking a reading that forgiveness requires priestly absolution rather than direct turning to God through faith in Christ. Requires reviewer confirmation of target-audience register at every occurrence (2:38; 3:19; 8:36-38; 9:18; 16:31-33; 17:30; 19:1-5; 22:16; 26:20).
Baptism
Approved rendering: battesimo/battezzare
Transliteration: baptisma / baptizō
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. CRITICAL: direct collision with Catholic infant-baptismal-regeneration practice, administered prior to personal repentance/faith; Acts 2:38 presents baptism following personal repentance. Every occurrence requires explicit theologian review flagging (not resolving) the infant-vs-believer baptism question: 2:38,41; 8:12-13,36-38; 9:18; 10:47-48; 16:15,33; 18:8; 19:1-5.
Elders Overseers
Approved rendering: anziani/sorveglianti (vescovi, glossed)
Transliteration: presbyteroi / episkopoi
Doctrine: Church Governance and Eldership
Rejected alternatives: vescovi (unglossed) — REJECTED as a standalone rendering, since it risks importing the fully developed, hierarchically distinct modern Catholic episcopal office (apostolic succession, diocesan authority) into a text that here equates ‘overseer’ directly with local ‘elder’
Original: πρεσβύτεροι / ἐπίσκοποι
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 20:17,28. CRITICAL live ecclesiological flashpoint between Catholic episcopal and Waldensian/evangelical presbyterian-congregational traditions. Recommend ‘sorvegliante’ as primary, with a glossed ‘vescovo (cioè: anziano/sorvegliante locale)’ as an explanatory parenthetical only, never standalone. Requires theologian review at every occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: grazia
Transliteration: grazia
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: favore
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Must render as wholly unmerited. Acts 2:47’s ‘favor with all the people’ carries a lower-stakes social-goodwill register, distinct from the saving-grace sense at 4:33; 11:23; 15:11; context must disambiguate register. Acts 15:11’s Jerusalem Council climax (‘siamo salvati per grazia’) is the single most doctrinally load-bearing occurrence in the whole book.
Called
Approved rendering: chiamato
Transliteration: chiamato
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 2:39, ‘as many as the Lord our God calls to himself.‘
Calling
Approved rendering: chiamata
Transliteration: chiamata
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: vocazione (clergy-narrowing risk)
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Reserve ‘vocazione’ only for segments explicitly about priestly/religious-life calling.
Saints
Approved rendering: santi
Transliteration: santi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 9:13, 32, 41; 26:10 use the term as a plain corporate designation for ordinary believers in Damascus, Joppa, and Lydda, same saint-veneration collision risk as baseline.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: comunione fraterna
Transliteration: comunione fraterna
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: comunione (bare)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 2:42 is the foundational four-fold pattern verse (teaching, fellowship, breaking of bread, prayers) for The Church as Community doctrine. NEVER bare ‘comunione’.
Church
Approved rendering: chiesa
Transliteration: chiesa
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Acts narrates the church’s very formation (5:11; 8:1,3; 9:31; 11:26; 20:28), heightening rather than reducing the baseline institutional-collision risk with ‘la Chiesa’ as the Catholic institution.
Law
Approved rendering: legge
Transliteration: legge
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Central to the Jerusalem Council (Acts 15) and this curriculum’s Justification apart from the Law doctrine (13:39; 15:5,10,24; 21:20-24). Capitalize ‘la Legge’ for Torah/Mosaic law.
Sin
Approved rendering: peccato
Transliteration: peccato
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Every ‘forgiveness of sins’ occurrence across Acts (2:38; 3:19; 5:31; 10:43; 13:38; 26:18) carries the baseline ‘che peccato!’ colloquial-drift risk.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: obbedienza della fede
Transliteration: obbedienza della fede
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Original: ὑπακοὴ πίστεως
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. No verbatim Acts occurrence, but thematic background to the recurring ‘the word of God increased’/‘the faith’ spreading refrain (6:7).
Election
Approved rendering: elezione
Transliteration: elezione
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Conceptual root underlying Acts’s ‘chosen instrument’ (9:15), ‘appointed to eternal life’ (13:48), and ‘the Lord opened her heart’ (16:14) — treat these three passages as one interconnected risk cluster.
Intercession
Approved rendering: intercessione
Transliteration: intercessione
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: ὑπερεντυγχάνει / ἔντευξις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 12:5 models the church corporately interceding for Peter; reinforces the baseline caution against conflating this with a separate saints’/Marian intercession category.
Pentecost
Approved rendering: Pentecoste
Transliteration: Pentecoste
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: πεντηκοστή
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Collides with both the Catholic liturgical feast frame (a fixed date closing the Easter season) and the ‘Pentecostale’ denominational-label frame (Assemblee di Dio in Italia). Must be anchored as the historical, once-for-all salvation-history event narrated in Acts 2, not primarily a liturgical date or a denominational distinctive.
Filled With Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: ripieno/ripieni di Spirito Santo
Transliteration: eplēsthēsan pneumatos hagiou
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: ἐπλήσθησαν πνεύματος ἁγίου
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Must be presented as the Acts narrative pattern of repeated, situational empowerment for witness (2:4; 4:8; 4:31; 13:9), not identified wholesale with the distinct ‘Spirit baptism’/‘effusione’ second-blessing theology of Italian Pentecostal and Catholic Charismatic Renewal movements.
Hades
Approved rendering: Ades/il regno dei morti
Transliteration: Hadēs
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: inferno (REJECTED — imports final-punishment ‘hell’ theology foreign to the neutral realm-of-the-dead sense)
Original: ᾅδης
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Must NOT be rendered ‘inferno.’ Acts 2:27,31 (Psalm 16 citation).
Forgiveness Of Sins
Approved rendering: perdono dei peccati
Transliteration: aphesis tōn hamartiōn
Doctrine: Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: remissione dei peccati (flagged as an acceptable but higher-collision-risk liturgical alternative, closely tied to the Catholic sacramental absolution formula ‘per la remissione dei peccati’)
Original: ἄφεσις τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. Reuses baseline ‘peccato’ (High) as its root; full release/cancellation, not mere reduction, of sins’ moral guilt. Acts 2:38; 3:19; 5:31; 10:43; 13:38; 26:18.
Gift Of Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: dono dello Spirito Santo
Transliteration: dōrea tou hagiou pneumatos
Doctrine: The Gift of the Holy Spirit
Original: δωρεά τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Collides with the distinct Catholic catechetical ‘sette doni dello Spirito Santo’ (seven gifts, tied to Confirmation received later in life); must clarify Acts 2:38 refers to the Spirit himself given at conversion, not the separate catechetical seven-gifts list.
Breaking Of Bread
Approved rendering: frazione del pane
Transliteration: klasis tou artou
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Original: κλάσις τοῦ ἄρτου
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. ‘La frazione del pane’ is the technical liturgical phrase used in the Catholic Mass; must clarify Acts 2:42, 2:46, and 27:35 describe the early church’s simple shared-meal practice, not developed Eucharistic/transubstantiation theology, at every occurrence.
Holy And Righteous One
Approved rendering: il Santo e il Giusto
Transliteration: ton hagion kai dikaion
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: τὸν ἅγιον καὶ δίκαιον
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Acts 3:14. Combines two baseline Critical/High-risk term-roots (‘santo,’ ‘giustizia’) as a formal Messianic title; must not be flattened into generic moral praise.
Restoration Of All Things
Approved rendering: restaurazione/ripristino di tutte le cose
Transliteration: apokatastasis pantōn
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: apocatastasi (bare transliterated loanword REJECTED — already lexically associated in Italian theological usage with Origen’s heterodox universal-salvation doctrine)
Original: ἀποκατάστασις πάντων
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Acts 3:21. Must not be conflated with the heterodox universalist ‘apocatastasis’ doctrine; the Acts 3 sense is covenant-promise restoration in Christ’s return.
No Other Name
Approved rendering: nessun altro nome
Transliteration: oude allo onoma
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: οὐδὲ ἄλλο ὄνομα
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 4:12. Preserve unqualified exclusivity; do not soften to ‘un nome importante’ or similar qualified language.
Lie To Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: mentire allo Spirito Santo/metterlo alla prova
Transliteration: pseusasthai / peirasai to pneuma
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: ψεύσασθαι / πειράσαι τὸ πνεῦμα
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Acts 5:3-4, 9. Direct affirmation of the Spirit’s full personhood and deity; reinforces ‘Spirito Santo’ as a personal being, never an impersonal force.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: il Figlio dell’uomo
Transliteration: ho Huios tou anthrōpou
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Acts 7:56, Stephen’s dying vision — the only NT occurrence of this title spoken by someone other than Jesus. A distinct Daniel-7-rooted title from ‘Figlio di Dio’; must not be collapsed into it or treated as a synonym.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: imposizione delle mani
Transliteration: epithesis tōn cheirōn
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
NEW TERM. Direct terminological overlap with the Catholic sacramental rites of Confirmation and Holy Orders. Must clarify the specific functional sense in each Acts context without importing developed sacramental theology absent from the text: 8:17-18 (Spirit-reception); 9:17 (healing/commissioning); 13:3 (sending); 19:6 (Spirit-reception); 28:8 (healing).
Chosen Instrument
Approved rendering: strumento scelto
Transliteration: skeuos eklogēs
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: σκεῦος ἐκλογῆς
Category: Conversion of Paul
NEW TERM. Acts 9:15. Reuses baseline ‘elezione’ (High) conceptual root; must not be read as democratic ‘selection’ but sovereign divine choice.
Common Unclean
Approved rendering: impuro/comune
Transliteration: koinos / akathartos
Doctrine: Ceremonial Law and Gentile Inclusion
Rejected alternatives: impuro unglossed (REJECTED — defaults to contemporary colloquial sexual-moral impurity)
Original: κοινός / ἀκάθαρτος
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 10:14-15,28. Must clarify the referent is ritual/dietary food law, and the theological point is Gentile inclusion, not moral relativism.
God Shows No Partiality
Approved rendering: Dio non fa preferenze di persone
Transliteration: ouk…prosōpolēmptēs
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: Dio non usa parzialità (acceptable secondary phrasing)
Original: οὐκ…προσωπολήμπτης
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 10:34-35 (echoed 15:9). Thesis-statement phrase; render identically at every echo.
Appointed To Eternal Life
Approved rendering: destinati alla vita eterna
Transliteration: tetagmenoi eis zōēn aiōnion
Doctrine: Effectual Calling and Election
Original: τεταγμένοι εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον
Category: Effectual Calling
NEW TERM. Acts 13:48. Reuses conceptual ground of baseline ‘elezione’ (High); requires the same theologian-review routing as baseline election passages.
Turn To Gentiles
Approved rendering: ci volgiamo ai pagani
Transliteration: epistrephomen eis ta ethnē
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying wholesale, permanent rejection of the Jewish mission (REJECTED as a supersessionist misreading not supported by the text)
Original: ἐπιστρέφομεν εἰς τὰ ἔθνη
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 13:46 (repeated 18:6; 28:28). Must not be read as Paul rejecting the Jewish people as a whole; Paul continues Jewish-synagogue preaching elsewhere in Acts.
Lord Opened Her Heart
Approved rendering: il Signore le aprì il cuore
Transliteration: ho kyrios diēnoixen tēn kardian
Doctrine: Effectual Calling and Election
Original: ὁ κύριος διήνοιξεν τὴν καρδίαν
Category: Effectual Calling
NEW TERM. Acts 16:14, Lydia’s conversion. Reuses baseline ‘Signore’ (High); reinforces the Effectual Calling/Election theological pattern.
Believe And Household
Approved rendering: credi…e sarai salvato, tu e la tua famiglia/casa
Transliteration: pisteuson…sōthēsē sy kai ho oikos sou
Doctrine: Household Salvation and Baptism
Original: πίστευσον…σωθήσῃ σὺ καὶ ὁ οἶκός σου
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. Acts 16:31 (cf. 16:33; 18:8; 10:44-48). Live intra-Italian-Christian paedobaptist-vs-credobaptist flashpoint (Waldensian/Reformed vs. Pentecostal/Baptist-evangelical); flag without dogmatic resolution.
Johns Baptism
Approved rendering: il battesimo di Giovanni
Transliteration: to baptisma Iōannou
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Original: τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. Acts 18:25; 19:3-4. Requires careful handling to avoid implying two entirely separate, ongoing parallel ‘types’ of baptism are normally expected today — John’s baptism was a unique, time-bound preparatory rite superseded by Christian baptism.
The Righteous One
Approved rendering: il Giusto
Transliteration: ton dikaion
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: τὸν δίκαιον
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Acts 22:14. Reuses baseline ‘giustizia’ (Critical) as a Christological title parallel to ‘il Santo e il Giusto’ (3:14); must not be flattened into generic moral praise.
Barbarians
Approved rendering: barbari (glossed)
Transliteration: barbaroi
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: βάρβαροι
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 28:2, 4. Modern Italian ‘barbari’ carries a strong pejorative, uncivilized/savage connotation (reinforced by ‘invasioni barbariche’ historical framing in Italian education), absent from the Koine ethnographic sense; without a clarifying gloss, readers risk missing Luke’s ironic, positive point about the Maltese islanders’ kindness.
Medium Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: fede
Transliteration: fede
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith (Christ specifically) must remain recoverable from context; 3:16; 6:5,7; 11:24; 13:8; 14:9,27; 16:5; 20:21; 24:24; 26:18.
Apostle
Approved rendering: apostolo
Transliteration: apostolo
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 1:21-26 establishes eyewitness-to-the-resurrection as the qualifying criterion, elevating attentiveness slightly above baseline’s Low tier for this curriculum’s Apostolic Authority doctrine.
Holy
Approved rendering: santo
Transliteration: santo
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 1:8 (Holy Spirit); 3:14. Distinct Greek root ὅσιος (hosios, 2:27) flattens to the same Italian ‘santo’ — see holy_one_hosios entry below.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: santificazione
Transliteration: santificazione
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 26:18, ‘sanctified by faith in me,’ tightly binds sanctification to faith in Christ specifically.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: incarnazione
Transliteration: incarnazione
Doctrine: Incarnation
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. No bare occurrence in Acts; underlies the ‘Jesus of Nazareth’ genuine-humanity emphasis at 2:22-24.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: carismi
Transliteration: carismi
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: doni naturali
Original: χαρίσματα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Acts narrates gift-manifestation (tongues, prophecy) more than it names ‘carismi’ abstractly; all three Italian Catholic Charismatic, Pentecostal, and evangelical streams engage this vocabulary differently.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Regno di Dio
Transliteration: Regno di Dio
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Bookends the entire narrative (1:3,6; 8:12; 14:22; 19:8; 20:25; 28:23,31); 1:6 explicitly stages the disciples’ nationalistic misreading the whole book corrects.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: pagani
Transliteration: pagani
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: genti
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (risk functionally elevated to High for this curriculum given namesake-doctrine frequency — dozens of occurrences). Consider periodic use of ‘genti’ at especially sensitive thesis passages (10:34-35; 15:7-19) to relieve cumulative pejorative buildup.
Glory
Approved rendering: gloria
Transliteration: gloria
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 7:55 (Stephen seeing the glory of God); 12:23 (Herod judged for taking glory due to God alone).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: potenza di Dio
Transliteration: potenza di Dio
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 1:8’s programmatic empowerment statement (‘you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you’); also 4:33; 10:38.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Messia
Transliteration: Messia
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός / מָשִׁיחַ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Rendered ‘Cristo’ when transliterating Χριστός as title (2:36; 9:22; 17:3; 18:5,28), consistent with the baseline’s Christ/Messiah equivalence.
Covenant
Approved rendering: alleanza
Transliteration: alleanza
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: patto (more contract-like)
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 3:25; 7:8.
Providence
Approved rendering: provvidenza
Transliteration: provvidenza
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόνοια
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Extensively tested in the Acts 27 shipwreck narrative (27:22-24, 34) and grounded in the ‘foreknowledge’ (πρόγνωσις) of Acts 2:23.
Mission
Approved rendering: missione
Transliteration: missione
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Acts is the primary NT narrative of ‘missione’ in action (13:2-4; 22:21).
Israel
Approved rendering: Israele
Transliteration: Israele
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 1:6; 2:36; 4:10,27; 5:21,31; 9:15; 10:36; 13:16-24; 21:28; 28:20. Same contemporary political-conflation caution as baseline.
God
Approved rendering: Dio
Transliteration: Dio
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός / אֱלֹהִים / יהוה
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 14:15’s ‘the living God’ explicitly contrasts with lifeless pagan idols (Zeus/Hermes).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Spirito Santo
Transliteration: Spirito Santo
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Risk is functionally elevated for this curriculum given the Spirit’s centrality throughout Acts (2:4,33,38; 5:3,9,32; 8:17-18; 10:44-47; 15:8,28; 19:2,6; 20:28); flag every occurrence for consistent, personal (never impersonal-force) rendering. Retain both baseline entries unchanged.
Father
Approved rendering: Padre
Transliteration: Padre
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 1:4,7; 2:33.
Abba
Approved rendering: Abba
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. No Acts occurrence; convention confirmed unchanged for this curriculum should the term be referenced comparatively.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: discendente di Davide
Transliteration: discendente di Davide
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: stirpe di Davide (literary but acceptable)
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 13:23 restates this in Paul’s synagogue sermon.
Devout
Approved rendering: devoto/pio
Transliteration: eulabēs
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: εὐλαβής
Category: Faith
NEW TERM. Distinguish from ‘temente Dio’ (God-fearer, of Gentiles, see god_fearer entry); εὐλαβής (Acts 2:5) describes devout diaspora Jews, not Gentile sympathizers.
God Fearer
Approved rendering: temente Dio
Transliteration: phoboumenos ton theon
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: φοβούμενος τὸν θεόν
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Technical designation for Gentile sympathizers with Jewish monotheism/ethics prior to full covenant inclusion (Cornelius, 10:2,22; also 13:16,26). Distinct category from ‘devoto/pio’; do not conflate.
Own Language
Approved rendering: lingua propria/dialetto
Transliteration: idia dialektō
Doctrine: Tongues as Known, Intelligible Languages
Original: ἰδία διάλεκτος
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Textual proof (2:6,8) that Acts 2’s ‘tongues’ are real, known human languages, not unintelligible ecstatic speech; reinforces the Critical flag on ‘lingue’.
Last Days
Approved rendering: ultimi giorni
Transliteration: eschatai hēmerai
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: ἔσχαται ἡμέραι
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Popular Italian usage risks an imminent-apocalyptic-sensationalist misreading; the sense is an inaugurated era beginning at Pentecost and continuing through the church age.
Pour Out Spirit
Approved rendering: effondere
Transliteration: ekcheō
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: ἐκχεῶ
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. ‘Effusione dello Spirito’ is established Catholic Charismatic Renewal technical vocabulary for a distinct, later experience; anchor Acts 2:17-18’s citation in the founding historical event itself.
Foreknowledge
Approved rendering: prescienza (di Dio)
Transliteration: prognōsis
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόγνωσις
Category: God
NEW TERM. Connects to baseline ‘provvidenza’; must convey purposive sovereign plan (Acts 2:23), not bare prediction.
Holy One Hosios
Approved rendering: santo/il tuo Santo
Transliteration: hosios
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: ὅσιος
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Distinct Greek root from ἅγιος (hagios) applied Messianically at Acts 2:27; no distinct Italian lexical equivalent exists — flag for footnote-level explanation only, not a different rendering.
Patriarch
Approved rendering: patriarca
Transliteration: patriarchēs
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: πατριάρχης
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Acts 2:29, of David. Minor secondary association with the Eastern-rite ecclesiastical title ‘Patriarca’; context (David) fully disambiguates.
Witness
Approved rendering: testimone
Transliteration: martys
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Rejected alternatives: martire (REJECTED as primary rendering — reserve strictly for explicit death-for-testimony contexts, e.g. Stephen)
Original: μάρτυς
Category: Persecution and Bold Witness
NEW TERM. Foundational to Apostolic Authority (eyewitness testimony to the resurrection) and the book’s structure (Acts 1:8). Keep ‘testimone’ as default throughout, including the legal-defense chapters (22-26).
Exalted
Approved rendering: innalzato/esaltato
Transliteration: hypsōtheis
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: ὑψωθείς
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Acts 2:33. Christ’s enthronement to supreme heavenly honor and authority following the resurrection.
Promise Of Spirit
Approved rendering: promessa (dello Spirito)
Transliteration: epangelia tou pneumatos
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: ἐπαγγελία τοῦ πνεύματος
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Acts 2:33, 39. A binding divine pledge, not a mere possibility; ties Holy Spirit and Pentecost doctrine to baseline Covenant doctrine.
Souls Converts
Approved rendering: persone (anime, literary alternative)
Transliteration: psychai
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Original: ψυχαί
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 2:41. ‘Anime’ alone risks a disembodied-soul misreading foreign to the Hebraic whole-person sense; ‘persone’ is clearer for general audiences.
Everything In Common
Approved rendering: tutto in comune
Transliteration: hapanta koina
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Original: ἅπαντα κοινά
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 2:44-45; 4:32-35. Distinguish from the unrelated sense of κοινός at Acts 10:14 (‘common/unclean’ food) — same Greek root, different meaning; avoid Italian semantic bleed between ‘comune’ senses.
Author Of Life
Approved rendering: autore/principe della vita
Transliteration: archēgos tēs zōēs
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: principe alone (flagged — risks a merely honorary/royal reading rather than the ‘source/originator’ sense)
Original: ἀρχηγὸς τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. Acts 3:15. Prefer ‘autore’ (originator) as primary rendering.
Times Of Refreshing
Approved rendering: tempi di ristoro/sollievo
Transliteration: kairoi anapsyxeōs
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Original: καιροὶ ἀναψύξεως
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM. Acts 3:19-20. Connects Repentance and Baptism doctrine forward to the book’s broader eschatological hope.
Boldness
Approved rendering: franchezza
Transliteration: parrēsia
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Rejected alternatives: audacia/coraggio (acceptable alternatives only where ‘franchezza’ reads too narrowly as ‘frankness/directness’ rather than ‘boldness under threat’)
Original: παρρησία
Category: Persecution and Bold Witness
NEW TERM. Recurring standing term (4:13,29,31; 9:27-28; 13:46; 14:3; 18:26; 19:8; 26:26; 28:31); apply consistently at every occurrence.
Ministry Of Word And Tables
Approved rendering: servizio della Parola/servizio delle mense
Transliteration: diakonia tou logou / tōn trapezōn
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Rejected alternatives: diaconato/servizio diaconale (avoid — over-reads the later, fully developed ecclesiastical office of ‘diacono’ back into this text)
Original: διακονία τοῦ λόγου / τῶν τραπεζῶν
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 6:1-4. Historical root of, but not identical to, later diaconal office theology.
Hellenists Hebrews
Approved rendering: ellenisti/ebrei
Transliteration: Hellēnistai / Hebraioi
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Original: Ἑλληνισταί / Ἑβραῖοι
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 6:1. Intra-Jewish linguistic-cultural subgroups (not a Jew-Gentile distinction); requires explanatory gloss (‘giudei di lingua greca’) for readers with low second-temple-Judaism literacy.
Uncircumcised In Heart
Approved rendering: duri di cuore/incirconcisi di cuore
Transliteration: aperitmētoi kardiais
Doctrine: Justification apart from the Law
Original: ἀπερίτμητοι καρδίαις
Category: Justification apart from the Law
NEW TERM. Acts 7:51. Anticipates the Jerusalem Council’s separation of circumcision from true covenant membership (Acts 15).
Resisting Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: resistere allo Spirito Santo
Transliteration: antipiptete tō pneumati
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: ἀντιπίπτετε τῷ πνεύματι
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Acts 7:51. Frames the pattern of prophetic rejection culminating in Christ’s crucifixion and Stephen’s persecution as resistance to the same Holy Spirit active throughout redemptive history.
Sorcery
Approved rendering: stregoneria/arte magica
Transliteration: mageia
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: μαγεία
Category: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
NEW TERM. Acts 8:9-24, Simon Magus. A warning against commodifying spiritual power, built into the Apostolic Authority and Miracles doctrine.
The Way
Approved rendering: la Via
Transliteration: hē hodos
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: ἡ ὁδός
Category: Conversion of Paul
NEW TERM. Earliest Christian self-designation (9:2; 19:9,23; 22:4; 24:14,22). Capitalize consistently once introduced, with a first-occurrence gloss, since bare ‘la via’ reads as generic ‘the road/way’ in ordinary Italian.
Christians Name
Approved rendering: cristiani
Transliteration: Christianoi
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: Χριστιανοί
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 11:26. In Italy, ‘cristiano’ today functions as a broad, often nominal, cultural/national identity marker rather than the decisive, minority, costly identity marker it was at Antioch; flag the flattening risk in teaching contexts emphasizing personal conversion.
Light For Gentiles
Approved rendering: luce delle nazioni/dei pagani
Transliteration: phōs ethnōn
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: φῶς ἐθνῶν
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM. Acts 13:47, citing Isaiah 49:6. Grounds the Gentile mission in OT prophecy rather than presenting it as a later improvisation.
Appointing Elders
Approved rendering: avendo designato degli anziani
Transliteration: cheirotonēsantes presbyterous
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Original: χειροτονήσαντες πρεσβυτέρους
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 14:23. Connects forward to Acts 20’s fuller elders/overseers discussion.
Yoke Of Law
Approved rendering: giogo
Transliteration: zygos
Doctrine: Justification apart from the Law
Original: ζυγός
Category: Justification apart from the Law
NEW TERM. Acts 15:10. Reuses baseline ‘legge’ (High) conceptual background; vivid image reinforcing Justification apart from the Law.
Seemed Good To Spirit
Approved rendering: parve bene allo Spirito Santo e a noi
Transliteration: edoxen tō pneumati tō hagiō kai hēmin
Doctrine: The Holy Spirit and Pentecost
Original: ἔδοξεν τῷ πνεύματι τῷ ἁγίῳ καὶ ἡμῖν
Category: Holy Spirit and Pentecost
NEW TERM. Acts 15:28. A precedent cited across both Catholic conciliar and Protestant congregational church-governance traditions.
Abstain From List
Approved rendering: astenersi dagli idoli, dal sangue, dalla fornicazione, dagli animali soffocati
Transliteration: apechesthai eidōlothytōn…haimatos…porneias…pniktou
Doctrine: Justification apart from the Law
Original: ἀπέχεσθαι εἰδωλοθύτων…αἵματος…πορνείας…πνικτοῦ
Category: Justification apart from the Law
NEW TERM. Acts 15:29. Clarifies that freedom from the ceremonial Law does not mean freedom from all basic moral/table-fellowship boundaries.
Unknown God
Approved rendering: dio ignoto
Transliteration: agnōstō theō
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἀγνώστῳ θεῷ
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Acts 17:23. Models contextualized apologetic method, not an endorsement of religious pluralism, relevant to a religiously plural, increasingly secular Italian context.
Shepherd The Flock
Approved rendering: pascere il gregge
Transliteration: poimainein to poimnion
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: ποιμαίνειν τὸ ποίμνιον
Category: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
NEW TERM. Acts 20:28. Positive resonance with the Waldensian/evangelical Italian usage of ‘pastore’ as the standard title for a Protestant minister — a useful teaching point.
Nazirite Vow
Approved rendering: voto (nazireo)/purificazione
Transliteration: euchē…hagnisthēnai
Doctrine: Ceremonial Law and Gentile Inclusion
Original: εὐχή…ἁγνισθῆναι
Category: Justification apart from the Law
NEW TERM. Acts 21:23-26. Nuances Justification apart from the Law: freedom from the Law’s necessity for salvation does not require hostility toward one’s own cultural-religious practice where charity requires it.
Self Control
Approved rendering: autocontrollo/temperanza
Transliteration: enkrateia
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Persecution and Bold Witness
NEW TERM. Acts 24:25. Paired with ‘giustizia’ and ‘the coming judgment’ in Paul’s direct confrontation of the Roman governor Felix.
Power Of Satan To God
Approved rendering: dal potere di Satana a Dio
Transliteration: apo tēs exousias tou Satana epi ton theon
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: ἀπὸ τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ Σατανᾶ ἐπὶ τὸν θεόν
Category: Conversion of Paul
NEW TERM. Acts 26:18. Cosmic-conflict framing of conversion as a transfer of allegiance/dominion, not merely intellectual enlightenment; should not be trivialized as folk-superstition.
Unhindered
Approved rendering: senza impedimento/liberamente
Transliteration: akōlytōs
Doctrine: The Great Commission Fulfilled
Original: ἀκωλύτως
Category: Great Commission Fulfilled
NEW TERM. Acts 28:31. The book’s deliberately open-ended, climactic final word; ensure it is rendered with due rhetorical weight, paired consistently with ‘franchezza’ (‘con piena franchezza e senza impedimento’).
Low Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: vangelo
Transliteration: vangelo
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Stable across Acts (1:8; 8:25,35,40; 10:36; 11:20; 13:32; 14:7,15,21; 15:7; 16:10; 20:24). Shared, stable term across Catholic CEI and Protestant Diodati/Riveduta tradition.
Peace
Approved rendering: pace
Transliteration: pace
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 10:36, ‘preaching peace through Jesus Christ.‘
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ringraziamento
Transliteration: ringraziamento
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 27:35, Paul giving thanks before breaking bread on the storm-battered ship.
Prophet
Approved rendering: profeta
Transliteration: profeta
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Note Acts also has an ongoing NT prophetic gift (e.g. Agabus, 11:28; 21:10), not only OT prophets (3:18-25; 7:37,52).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: profezia
Transliteration: profezia
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Grounds the Joel (2:16-21), Isaiah 49:6 (13:47), and Amos (15:15-18) citations.
David
Approved rendering: Davide
Transliteration: Davide
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: דָּוִד
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Frequent in Peter’s Pentecost sermon (2:25,29,34) and Paul’s synagogue preaching (13:22,34,36).
Jesus
Approved rendering: Gesù
Transliteration: Gesù
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς / יֵשׁוּעַ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Stable throughout Acts.
Exhort
Approved rendering: esortare
Transliteration: esortare
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Acts 2:40; 11:23; 14:22; 20:1-2.
Crooked Generation
Approved rendering: generazione perversa/malvagia
Transliteration: genea skolia
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Original: γενεά σκολιά
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. Acts 2:40; echoes Deuteronomy 32:5, framing Peter’s appeal within OT prophetic tradition.
One Heart And Soul
Approved rendering: un cuore e un’anima sola
Transliteration: kardia mia kai psychē mia
Doctrine: The Church as Community
Original: καρδία μία καὶ ψυχὴ μία
Category: Church as Community
NEW TERM. Acts 4:32. Correlates with the shared-possessions practice (4:32-35, paralleling 2:44-45).
Scales Fell From Eyes
Approved rendering: le squame gli cadano dagli occhi
Transliteration: hōs lepides apepesan
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: ὡς λεπίδες ἀπέπεσαν
Category: Conversion of Paul
NEW TERM. Acts 9:18. Idiom requiring natural, not literal-only, phrasing.
Through Many Tribulations
Approved rendering: attraverso molte tribolazioni
Transliteration: dia pollōn thlipseōn
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: διὰ πολλῶν θλίψεων
Category: Persecution and Bold Witness
NEW TERM. Acts 14:22. Suffering as the normal, expected path into the kingdom, not a sign of divine disfavor.
Areopagus
Approved rendering: Areopago
Transliteration: Areios Pagos
Doctrine: The Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἄρειος Πάγος
Category: Gospel to Jews and Gentiles
NEW TERM. Proper noun/place name; historical-cultural gloss recommended for the setting of Paul’s philosophical apologetic address.
Artemis Diana
Approved rendering: Artemide (degli Efesini)
Transliteration: Artemis
Doctrine: Persecution and Bold Witness
Original: Ἄρτεμις
Category: Persecution and Bold Witness
NEW TERM. Acts 19:23-41. Proper noun; historical-cultural gloss recommended for readers unfamiliar with the Ephesian cult.
Burning Magic Books
Approved rendering: bruciarono i libri (di magia)
Transliteration: tas biblous katekaion
Doctrine: Repentance and Baptism
Original: τὰς βίβλους κατέκαιον
Category: Repentance and Baptism
NEW TERM. Acts 19:19. Models the seriousness and cost of genuine repentance/conversion, not merely intellectual assent.
Whole Counsel Of God
Approved rendering: tutto il consiglio/la volontà di Dio
Transliteration: pasan tēn boulēn tou theou
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
Original: πᾶσαν τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Apostolic Authority and Miracles
NEW TERM. Acts 20:27. A model of faithful, comprehensive proclamation without selective omission.
Heavenly Vision
Approved rendering: la visione celeste
Transliteration: tē ouraniō optasia
Doctrine: Conversion of Paul
Original: τῇ οὐρανίῳ ὀπτασίᾳ
Category: Conversion of Paul
NEW TERM. Acts 26:19. Reinforces the historical, not merely psychological, character of Paul’s conversion.
Not A Hair Will Perish
Approved rendering: non perirà un solo capello dal capo di nessuno di voi
Transliteration: oudemia psychē apoleitai…thrix ou apoleitai
Doctrine: Providence
Original: οὐδεμία ψυχὴ ἀπολεῖται…θρὶξ οὐ ἀπολεῖται
Category: God
NEW TERM. Acts 27:22, 34. Reinforces baseline ‘provvidenza’ in a dramatic, sustained narrative test-case.
Referenced passages