Passage

Romans 2

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  Japan's culture is frequently described (following Ruth Benedict's shame/guilt framework) as shame-oriented (恥, haji, public loss of face) rather than guilt-oriented; there is a real risk that 罪 gets processed primarily as causing 迷惑 (meiwaku, trouble/inconvenience to others) or public shame rather than moral guilt before a holy God regardless of social consequence.

  ROM.2.6-11

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  All humanity equally guilty before God regardless of social standing; must be taught as guilt before a personal God, not merely social shame (恥) or causing 迷惑 to others.

  ROM.2.6-11