Galatians — Cross-Reference and Theme Analysis for Romanian Translation
Method
This document catalogs every Old Testament quotation and allusion, every messianic reference, every typological structure, and every direct parallel to the baseline Romans Language Package found across the full text of Galatians (chapters 1–6). For each entry: Passage (Galatians), Theme, Related Character(s), OT/NT Connection, and Romanian Translation Sensitivity. Where a quotation or allusion is shared verbatim with a passage already rendered in the baseline Romans curriculum, a rendering-consistency rule is specified so that a Romanian learner moving between the two curricula recognizes the identical underlying text.
PART A — Chapter-by-Chapter Cross-Reference Matrix
Chapter 1
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 1:4 | The True Gospel versus False Gospels; the two-age apocalyptic framework | Christ | Allusion to Jewish apocalyptic “this age / the age to come” framework (cf. Daniel 2:44-45; 1 Enoch tradition background); parallel NT usage in Ephesians 1:21 | Render “acest veac rău de acum” [NEW, glossary]; teach as a theological-temporal category, not a generic moral judgment on “the world.” |
| Galatians 1:6-7 | The True Gospel versus False Gospels | Paul, the Galatian churches | No direct OT quotation; the ἕτερος/ἄλλος distinction is Paul’s own rhetorical construction | See glossary entry “a different/false gospel” [Critical]; must not be softened to “a variant of the gospel.” |
| Galatians 1:8-9 | The True Gospel versus False Gospels; apostolic authority | Paul, “an angel from heaven” | Echoes covenant-curse formulas structurally similar to Deuteronomy 27:15-26 (a series of pronounced curses), though not a direct quotation | ”anatema” [Critical] — Orthodox Sunday-of-Orthodoxy conciliar association; teaching note required distinguishing Paul’s immediate apostolic pronouncement from later formal conciliar anathema procedure. |
| Galatians 1:10 | Paul’s Apostleship | Paul | No direct OT quotation | Low sensitivity. |
| Galatians 1:13-14 | Paul’s Apostleship | Paul | Autobiographical; echoes the “zealous for the law” self-descriptions found in 2 Maccabees and Philippians 3:5-6 (parallel curriculum note, not OT canonical) | “iudaism,” “râvnitor” [NEW]; teach as the religious system, not a slur on Jewish ethnic identity. |
| Galatians 1:15 | Divine Calling; Paul’s Apostleship | Paul | Direct structural allusion to the prophetic call-pattern of Jeremiah 1:5 (“Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, and before you were born I consecrated you”) and Isaiah 49:1,5 (“The LORD called me from the womb… to bring Jacob back to him”) | High. Paul deliberately casts his apostolic call in the pattern of an OT prophet’s pre-natal appointment. Render “chemat” [TM] consistently with the baseline’s “chemat/chemare” entries; a translator’s note should make the Jeremiah/Isaiah allusion explicit so Romanian learners recognize Paul is claiming prophetic-level divine commissioning, not merely a personal religious experience. |
| Galatians 1:16 | Paul’s Apostleship; Sonship of Christ | Paul, Christ | ”to reveal his Son in me” — echoes the Son-revelation language of the Damascus road tradition (cf. Acts 9:3-6, 22:6-10, 26:12-18) | Reuse “Fiul lui Dumnezeu” [TM, Critical] framework, though here the shorter “Fiul” (his Son) is used without the full title; teach as referring to the same unique divine Sonship. |
| Galatians 1:18-24 | Paul’s Apostleship | Paul, Cephas/Peter, James | No direct OT citation; historical narrative | Low sensitivity; proper names only. |
Chapter 2 (narrative section, vv.1-14; core passage vv.15-21 covered separately below)
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 2:6 | Universal Human Accountability; impartiality of God | James, Cephas, John, Paul | Allusion to Deuteronomy 10:17 (“God shows no partiality”) and 2 Chronicles 19:7; the identical principle is directly quoted in Romans 2:11 (“For God shows no partiality”) | Rendering-consistency rule: render “Dumnezeu nu se uită la fața omului” (or the established Cornilescu/Synodal equivalent) identically to whatever phrase is used at Romans 2:11 in this language pair’s Romans materials, so the principle is visibly the same teaching in both letters. |
| Galatians 2:9 | Paul’s Apostleship; Church unity | James, Cephas, John, Paul, Barnabas | No direct OT citation | ”stâlpi” [NEW]; “părtășie” [TM] for “the right hand of fellowship” — general partnership sense, not Eucharistic. |
| Galatians 2:11-14 | Law and Grace; The True Gospel versus False Gospels | Peter/Cephas, Paul, Barnabas | No direct OT citation; historical confrontation narrative | ”fățărnicie,” “a umbla drept” [NEW]. |
Galatians 2:15-21 (Core Passage — OT/typological content)
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 2:16 | Justification by Faith; Universal Human Accountability | Paul, Peter | Direct allusion to Psalm 143:2 (LXX): “for no one living is righteous before you” — the same LXX text underlying Romans 3:20’s “by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight” | Critical rendering-consistency rule. The phrase “ἐξ ἔργων νόμου οὐ δικαιωθήσεται πᾶσα σάρξ” here must be rendered with the identical construction used for the parallel clause in Romans 3:20 in this language pair’s Romans materials (verb root “a (se) îndreptăți” [TM], object “faptele legii” [NEW]). A Romanian learner who has studied Romans should recognize this as the very same scriptural argument restated. |
| Galatians 2:20 | Crucified with Christ; Atonement | Christ, Paul | Conceptual echo of the Suffering-Servant self-giving of Isaiah 53:5-6,12 (“he was pierced for our transgressions… the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of us all… poured out his soul to death”), though not a direct quotation | High. “s-a dat pe Sine pentru mine” [glossary]; teach the substitutionary, self-giving background without overstating a formal citation (this is thematic resonance, not a marked OT quotation). |
Chapter 3
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 3:6 | Justification by Faith; The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise | Abraham | Direct quotation of Genesis 15:6: “Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness.” Identical citation used in Romans 4:3, 4:9, 4:22, and James 2:23 | Critical rendering-consistency rule. Must use the identical Romanian rendering already fixed for Romans 4:3 in this language pair (“i-a fost socotită ca dreptate,” verb root “a socoti,” reusing the baseline’s “dreptate imputată” [TM] concept). This is the single most cross-referenced OT citation shared between Galatians and Romans; any variation between the two curricula would visibly fracture the shared doctrinal argument for a Romanian learner. |
| Galatians 3:8 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise; Mission to the Nations | Abraham, “all the nations” | Composite quotation/allusion combining Genesis 12:3, 18:18, and 22:18: “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” Paul calls this the gospel “preached beforehand” to Abraham | High. Render “În tine vor fi binecuvântate toate neamurile,” reusing “neamuri” [TM]. Teaching note: Paul’s striking claim that Genesis itself contains proto-gospel content (“the Scripture… preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham”) should be preserved, not flattened into a generic promise. |
| Galatians 3:10 | The Law’s Purpose | — | Direct quotation of Deuteronomy 27:26: “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.” | High. “blestemat” [NEW]; preserve the totalizing force (“all things… and do them”) — this is the verse establishing the law’s demand for perfect performance, a load-bearing premise of the letter’s argument. |
| Galatians 3:11 | Justification by Faith | — | Direct quotation of Habakkuk 2:4: “The righteous shall live by faith.” Identical citation is the thesis-verse of Romans 1:17 | Critical rendering-consistency rule. This is the same OT citation as Romans 1:17, which the baseline instructions document explicitly designates a “must be identical across all documents” verse (see 12_ai_translation_requirements.md, Theological Consistency Rules). Galatians 3:11 must therefore use the exact same Romanian wording as whatever rendering is fixed for Romans 1:17 (“Cel drept va trăi prin credință” or the established equivalent) — no stylistic variation permitted. |
| Galatians 3:12 | Law and Grace; The Law’s Purpose | — | Direct quotation of Leviticus 18:5: “The one who does them shall live by them.” Same citation used in Romans 10:5 | High rendering-consistency rule. Render identically to the Romans 10:5 equivalent in this language pair’s Romans materials, since Paul uses this text in both letters to characterize the law’s own (works-based) logic, deliberately contrasted with the faith-based logic of Habakkuk 2:4 in the very next/previous verse. |
| Galatians 3:13 | The Law’s Purpose; Crucified with Christ (atonement) | Christ | Direct quotation of Deuteronomy 21:23: “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree.” | Critical. “blestemat,” “lemn”/“cruce” — preserve the substitutionary logic: Christ becomes the curse-bearer specifically by fulfilling this OT category, not merely suffering generically. Teaching note should connect to Christ’s crucifixion (răstignire) as the “tree” in view, resonant with the culturally central Holy Friday imagery. |
| Galatians 3:16 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise | Abraham, Christ | Direct exegetical argument built on the wording of Genesis 12:7, 13:15, 17:7-8, 24:7 (“to your offspring I will give this land,” etc.) — Paul argues the grammatically singular “seed” points typologically to Christ | Critical. Reuse “sămânță” [glossary, Critical] consistently, never pluralizing. This is a load-bearing typological argument (see Part C below) that depends entirely on preserving the Romanian noun’s own singular-collective grammatical quality, which Romanian happily shares with Hebrew/Greek. |
| Galatians 3:17 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise; The Law’s Purpose | Abraham, Moses (implied) | Chronological reference presupposing Exodus 12:40’s “430 years” | Medium. Standard numeral; low ambiguity. |
| Galatians 3:19 | The Law’s Purpose | Moses (implied), angels | Reflects a Jewish interpretive tradition (also found in Acts 7:53, Hebrews 2:2, and Deuteronomy 33:2 LXX) that the law was mediated “through angels” and “by an intermediary” (Moses) | Medium-High. Teaching note: this is not a diminishment of the law’s divine origin but underscores its temporary, mediated, subordinate character relative to the direct, unmediated promise given to Abraham. |
| Galatians 3:27-28 | Circumcision and the New Creation; The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise | — | The “neither male nor female” clause echoes (in reversed/transcended form) Genesis 1:27’s creation formula, “male and female he created them” | High. See glossary “unity formula” [NEW]. Teaching note: this affirms equal standing and inheritance in Christ; it does not erase the creational distinction itself, which Genesis 1:27 affirms as good. |
Chapter 4
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 4:4 | Adoption and Sonship; Incarnation | Christ, Mary (implied, “a woman”) | Conceptual echo of Genesis 3:15 (“offspring of the woman,” protoevangelium) and the “fullness of time” providential-fulfillment pattern seen throughout Isaiah’s messianic oracles (e.g., Isaiah 7:14, 9:6-7) | Critical, per glossary “born of a woman, born under the law.” No direct verbal quotation, but the theological weight of genuine incarnation and genuine law-subjection must be preserved; this is Galatians’ functional counterpart to Romans 1:3’s Davidic-descent incarnation text. |
| Galatians 4:21-31 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise; Law and Grace | Abraham, Hagar, Sarah, Isaac, Ishmael | Direct narrative typology drawn from Genesis 16:1-16, 17:15-21, 21:1-21 | Critical. This entire section is Paul’s own explicit “ἀλληγορούμενα” (allegorically-interpreted) reading of Genesis narrative; see Part C (Typology) below for full structural mapping. Proper names “Agar” / “Sara” [glossary] per established Romanian Bible forms. |
| Galatians 4:27 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise | Sarah (typologically) | Direct quotation of Isaiah 54:1: “Rejoice, O barren one who does not bear… for the children of the desolate one will be more than those of the one who has a husband.” | High. Preserve the barrenness-to-abundance reversal motif; teach as Isaiah’s own eschatological promise of Zion’s future children, applied by Paul to the “Jerusalem above” and her spiritual offspring (believers). |
| Galatians 4:29 | Law and Grace; Flesh versus Spirit | Ishmael, Isaac (typologically) | Allusion to Genesis 21:9 (Ishmael “laughing at”/mocking Isaac) | Medium. Establishes the pattern-of-persecution typology (flesh-born persecutes Spirit-born) applied to the Judaizer controversy. |
| Galatians 4:30 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise | Hagar, Ishmael, Sarah, Isaac | Direct quotation of Genesis 21:10: “Cast out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with the son of the free woman.” | High. “rob”/“roabă” [reuse glossary “slave”], “moștenitor” [glossary]. Teaching note: applied typologically to those relying on law-works versus those who are heirs by promise; must not be read as a statement about ethnic Ishmaelite/Arab peoples in a way that could be misapplied culturally. |
Chapter 5
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 5:14 | Faith Working through Love | — | Direct quotation of Leviticus 19:18: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” Identical citation used in Romans 13:9, and by Christ himself in Matthew 22:39, Mark 12:31, Luke 10:27 | Critical rendering-consistency rule. Must be rendered identically to the fixed Romans 13:9 wording (“Să iubești pe aproapele tău ca pe tine însuți” or the established equivalent), and ideally consistent also with the Gospel citations if this language pair’s broader Bible-study library treats them. This is one of the most frequently cross-referenced OT commands across the whole NT canon. |
| Galatians 5:19-21 | Flesh versus Spirit | — | No direct OT quotation; the vice-list genre echoes wisdom-tradition catalogs (cf. Proverbs 6:16-19) though not a citation | Medium. “faptele firii pământești” [glossary]. |
| Galatians 5:22-23 | Fruit of the Spirit | — | No direct OT quotation; conceptually resonant with the Spirit-endowment language of Isaiah 11:2 (“the Spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him… wisdom and understanding…”) though not a citation, and with wisdom literature’s virtue lists | High. “rodul Duhului” [glossary, singular]. |
Chapter 6
| Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Romanian Translation Sensitivity |
|---|
| Galatians 6:2 | Bearing One Another’s Burdens | Christ (implied, “law of Christ”) | No direct OT quotation; conceptually related to Leviticus 19:18’s love-command already cited in 5:14 | Medium-High. “legea lui Hristos” [glossary]; must not be confused with reinstated Mosaic law. |
| Galatians 6:7 | Bearing One Another’s Burdens; general moral accountability | — | Proverbial allusion, closely paralleling Job 4:8, Proverbs 22:8, Hosea 8:7, and Hosea 10:12-13 (“sow… reap”) — a recurring wisdom-tradition motif rather than a single fixed citation | Low-Medium. “a semăna” / “a secera” [glossary]; natural fit with Romanian agrarian idiom. |
| Galatians 6:15 | Circumcision and the New Creation | — | Allusion to Isaiah 43:18-19 (“Behold, I am doing a new thing”) and Isaiah 65:17, 66:22 (“new heavens and a new earth”) — the prophetic new-creation/new-exodus motif | High. “făptură nouă” [glossary]. Teaching note: genuinely new eschatological reality inaugurated by God, echoing Isaiah’s and Genesis’s own creation language, not mere self-improvement. |
| Galatians 6:16 | The Abrahamic Covenant and Promise; Unity of Jews and Gentiles | — | Allusion to the “peace be upon Israel” formula of Psalm 125:5 and 128:6 | High. “Israelul lui Dumnezeu” [glossary]; referent (Church / believing Jews / ethnic Israel) deliberately left open in translation per glossary Part C, flagged for theologian review. |
PART B — Messianic References Summary
| Passage | Messianic Content | Romanian Rendering Note |
|---|
| Galatians 1:1 | Christ’s resurrection as the ground of Paul’s apostolic commission | [TM] “(Dumnezeu Tatăl,) Care L-a înviat din morți.” |
| Galatians 3:13 | Christ as curse-bearer, fulfilling and absorbing Deuteronomy 21:23’s covenant curse | Critical; substitutionary atonement, resonant with Holy Friday liturgical imagery. |
| Galatians 3:16 | Christ as the singular “seed” of Abraham, the typological fulfillment of the Abrahamic promise | Critical; grammatical-number argument, see Part C. |
| Galatians 4:4-5 | Christ’s incarnation (“born of a woman, born under the law”) and redemptive work as the qualification for adoption | Critical; Galatians’ own incarnation text, parallel to Romans 1:3. |
| Galatians 2:16, 20; 3:22 | Christ as the object (or, on the minority reading, the source) of the faith by which believers are justified | Critical; the πίστις Χριστοῦ genitive ambiguity, see 08_core_glossary.md Part C. |
PART C — Typological Structures
Typology 1: Abraham as Father of Faith (Galatians 3, cf. Romans 4)
Abraham’s justification by faith apart from works (Genesis 15:6) is the letter’s controlling type: all who share Abraham’s faith, not his ethnicity or law-observance, are his true “sons” (Galatians 3:7,29) and heirs of the promise. This typology is structurally identical to Romans 4’s use of the same Genesis text and must be taught as the same argument in both curricula.
Typology 2: Isaac and Ishmael / Sarah and Hagar — Two Covenants (Galatians 4:21-31)
| Type Element | Represents | Related OT Text |
|---|
| Hagar (the slave woman) | The Sinai covenant, the “present Jerusalem,” slavery under law | Genesis 16, 21:9-10 |
| Sarah (the free woman) | The covenant of promise, the “Jerusalem above,” freedom | Genesis 17:15-21, 18:10-14 |
| Ishmael (born “according to the flesh”) | Those relying on law-works / natural descent for standing before God | Genesis 16:15 |
| Isaac (born “according to promise”) | Believers, children of the promise, born by the Spirit’s power | Genesis 21:1-3 |
Rendering note: This is Paul’s own explicitly marked allegorical reading (Galatians 4:24, “ἀλληγορούμενα”); the Romanian text must clearly flag this as an interpretive move Paul himself signals, not extend the same allegorical method to the rest of the letter’s otherwise direct legal argument. This typology closely parallels — and should be taught alongside — Romans 9:6-9’s use of the same Isaac/Ishmael narrative (“through Isaac shall your offspring be named,” quoting Genesis 21:12) to argue that not all physical descendants of Abraham are children of the promise.
Typology 3: The Law as Paidagōgos (Custodian), Pointing Forward to Christ (Galatians 3:23-25)
The law’s temporary, custodial, boundary-holding role (Galatians 3:23, “we were held captive under the law, imprisoned until the coming faith would be revealed”) typologically anticipates its own obsolescence once the promised “seed” (Christ) arrives. This is a structural, not textual, typology — it does not depend on a single quoted OT verse but on the whole redemptive-historical shape of the Abraham-to-Moses-to-Christ narrative Paul traces across Galatians 3.
Typology 4: Crucifixion With Christ as the Believer’s Own Exodus/Passover Pattern (Galatians 2:20; 5:24; 6:14)
While not built on a single OT citation, Paul’s “crucified with Christ” language draws on the same substitutionary-death logic underlying the Passover lamb (Exodus 12) and the Isaiah 53 Servant, applied personally: the believer’s old identity under the law’s condemnation dies with Christ, just as Israel’s old identity under Egyptian bondage ended at the Passover/Exodus. This connection should be taught as thematic resonance available for illustration, not asserted as a marked textual quotation.
PART D — Parallels to Other Curricula in This Language (Especially Romans): Rendering-Consistency Rules
The following table lists every point where Galatians and the baseline Romans curriculum share an identical OT citation, an identical doctrinal argument, or an identical fixed phrase. These renderings must be verbatim-identical across both curricula in Romanian. This is not a stylistic preference; it is required by the baseline’s own Theological Consistency Rules (12_ai_translation_requirements.md), extended here to the Galatians curriculum.
| Shared Element | Galatians Location | Romans Location | Rendering-Consistency Rule |
|---|
| Genesis 15:6 (“Abraham believed God…counted to him as righteousness”) | Galatians 3:6 | Romans 4:3, 4:9, 4:22 | Identical Romanian wording required; verb root “a socoti,” object “dreptate” [TM]. |
| Habakkuk 2:4 (“The righteous shall live by faith”) | Galatians 3:11 | Romans 1:17 (curriculum thesis verse) | Identical Romanian wording required per baseline’s own “must be identical across all documents” rule for Romans 1:16-17. |
| Leviticus 18:5 (“The one who does them shall live by them”) | Galatians 3:12 | Romans 10:5 | Identical Romanian wording required. |
| Psalm 143:2 allusion (“no flesh justified by works of the law”) | Galatians 2:16 | Romans 3:20 | Identical Romanian construction using “faptele legii” [NEW] and “a (se) îndreptăți” [TM] required. |
| Deuteronomy 10:17 / impartiality of God | Galatians 2:6 | Romans 2:11 | Identical Romanian wording required. |
| Leviticus 19:18 (“Love your neighbor as yourself”) | Galatians 5:14 | Romans 13:9 | Identical Romanian wording required. |
| Genesis 21:10,12 / Isaac-Ishmael typology | Galatians 4:21-31 | Romans 9:6-9 | Same typological framework and proper names (Agar, Sara, Isaac corresponds to established Romanian forms); teach as parallel, not contradictory, uses of the same narrative for two related but distinct arguments (Galatians: law vs. promise; Romans: election within Israel). |
| “faith” (πίστις) as personal trust in Christ, not generic devotion | Throughout Galatians | Romans (baseline Faith doctrine) | Reuse “credință” [TM] exactly; same doctrine risk profile (High) applies. |
| ”justification” (δικαιόω/δικαίωσις) verb-noun family | Galatians 2:16-21; 3:8,11,24; 5:4 | Romans 3-5 | Same root “(în)dreptăți-” required throughout both curricula, per the baseline’s Critical-tier enforcement. |
| ”grace” vs. “works” contrast | Galatians 2:21; 3:18; 5:4 | Romans 4:4-5; 11:5-6 | Reuse “har” [TM, Critical] exactly; same forbidden-substitution rules apply (no purely legal-favor-only or merit-infused-substance-only reading). |
| Election/calling of a remnant/promise-children versus flesh-children | Galatians 3-4 | Romans 9-11 | Teach as the same underlying theological category (God’s sovereign, promise-based election) explored from two angles — corporate/national (Romans 9-11) and individual/legal-status (Galatians 3-4); do not present as unrelated doctrines. |
| ”Son of God” full title for Christ, distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship | Galatians 2:20; 4:4 | Romans 1:4; 8:3,29 | Reuse “Fiul lui Dumnezeu” [TM, Critical] exactly; distinguish from “înfiere” [TM] applied to believers. |
| ”Abba, Father” | Galatians 4:6 | Romans 8:15 | Reuse “Avva, Tată” [TM] exactly; identical formula in both letters. |
| Incarnation text qualifying Christ as redeemer | Galatians 4:4 (“born of a woman, born under the law”) | Romans 1:3 (“descended from David according to the flesh”) | Teach as two complementary incarnation texts serving parallel arguments (legal qualification to redeem those under the law / Davidic-messianic qualification); both must resist being absorbed solely into an Orthodox theosis framing per the baseline’s existing “incarnation” doctrine note. |
PART E — Book-Name Concordance for Citation Normalization
Per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md’s Cross-Reference Preservation Rules, all citations in Phase 2 output must use Romanian Orthodox Synodal Bible book-name conventions. This document’s citations use standard English short-form (e.g., “Genesis 15:6”) for cross-referencing purposes; the following concordance maps every OT/NT book cited above to its Romanian form for Phase 2 use:
| English | Romanian (Synodal) |
|---|
| Galatians | Galateni |
| Romans | Romani |
| Genesis | Facerea |
| Exodus | Ieșirea |
| Leviticus | Leviticul |
| Deuteronomy | Deuteronomul |
| Psalms | Psalmii |
| Isaiah | Isaia |
| Habakkuk | Avacum |
| Hosea | Osea |
| Job | Iov |
| Proverbs | Pildele lui Solomon |
| 2 Chronicles | 2 Paralipomena |
| Matthew | Matei |
| Mark | Marcu |
| Luke | Luca |
| Acts | Faptele Apostolilor |
| Hebrews | Evrei |
| James | Iacov |
| Ephesians | Efeseni |
Example normalized citation formats for Phase 2 output: “Galateni 2:16”, “Facerea 15:6”, “Avacum 2:4”, “Romani 3:20”. Verse numbers remain Arabic numerals throughout, per baseline convention.
Summary of Coverage
Every chapter of Galatians (1–6) has been reviewed for OT quotations and allusions. Chapters 1 and 2 (vv.1-14) contain structural/typological allusions (prophetic call pattern, impartiality formula) rather than direct quotations; Chapters 3 and 4 carry the letter’s heaviest concentration of direct OT citations and its central typological argument (Abraham, the seed, Hagar/Sarah); Chapters 5 and 6 return to a lower density of direct citation (one major citation each: Leviticus 19:18 in ch.5, prophetic new-creation allusion in ch.6) as the letter shifts from doctrinal argument to ethical application. No chapter is without cross-reference content requiring translation attention; this has been documented explicitly above rather than assumed.