Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 Peter (English → Romanian)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning 2 Peter chapters 1–3. Terms marked [BASELINE REUSE] carry the Romanian rendering fixed in the Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json and MUST NOT be altered. New terms proposed here should be added to translation_memory.json under Phase 2 Step per the Language Package’s term-registration workflow, with risk levels carried forward unchanged.
1. Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk (baseline) | 2 Peter occurrences | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | χάρις (charis) | har | Critical | 1:2, 3:18 | Closing exhortation “grow in grace” (3:18) reuses this exactly. |
| faith | πίστις (pistis) | credință | High | 1:1, 1:5 | Also head of the virtue chain, 1:5. |
| righteousness | δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) | dreptate | Critical | 1:1, 2:5, 2:21, 3:13 | Includes “way of righteousness” (2:21) and “new earth…in which righteousness dwells” (3:13). |
| salvation | σωτηρία (sōtēria) | mântuire | Critical | 3:15 | ”Regard the patience of our Lord as salvation.” |
| apostle | ἀπόστολος (apostolos) | apostol | Low | 1:1, 3:2 | |
| calling / election | κλῆσις / ἐκλογή (klēsis / eklogē) | chemare / alegere | High | 1:10 | ”Make your calling and election sure” — bridges divine initiative and human diligence. |
| holy | ἅγιος (hagios) | sfânt | High | 1:18 (holy mountain), 1:21 (holy men), 2:21 (holy commandment), 3:2 (holy prophets), 3:11 (holy conduct) | |
| glory | δόξα (doxa) | slavă | High | 1:3, 1:17, 2:10, 3:18 | Note distinct plural sense “δόξαι” (2:10, “glorious ones”) requires a translator note (see chapter 2 table). |
| lord | κύριος (kyrios) | Domnul | Critical | throughout | Consistently distinguished from δεσπότης (“Stăpân”) and κυριότης (“stăpânire”). |
| son_of_god / sonship | υἱός (huios) | Fiul (lui Dumnezeu) | Critical | 1:17 | Transfiguration voice: “This is My beloved Son.” |
| power_of_god | δύναμις θεοῦ (dynamis theou) | puterea lui Dumnezeu | High | 1:3, 1:16 | Adapted here to Christ’s power (1:16) and God’s divine power (1:3). |
| prophet | προφήτης (prophētēs) | proroc | Low | 3:2 (“holy prophets”) | |
| prophecy | προφητεία (prophēteia) | prorocie | Low (term) / High (doctrine in 2 Peter) | 1:20, 1:21 | Doctrine-level risk elevated in 2 Peter; see doctrine registry. |
| sin | ἁμαρτία (hamartia) | păcat | Medium | 1:9, 2:14 | |
| peace | εἰρήνη (eirēnē) | pace | Medium | 1:2, 3:14 | |
| fellowship (root) | κοινων- (koinōn-) | părtaș / părtășie | Low | 1:4 (κοινωνός) | See new entry “partaker” below; related but distinct word from κοινωνία. |
| jesus | Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) | Iisus | Critical | throughout | |
| god | θεός (theos) | Dumnezeu | Critical | throughout | |
| holy_spirit | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον (Pneuma Hagion) | Duhul Sfânt | Critical | 1:21 | |
| father | Πατήρ (Patēr) | Tată | Critical | 1:17 | |
| christ (proper name) | Χριστός (Christos) | Hristos | Critical | throughout (as part of “Ἰησοῦς Χριστός”) | Per baseline naming convention (12_ai_translation_requirements.md). |
| paul (proper name) | Παῦλος (Paulos) | Pavel | Low | 3:15 |
2. New Terms — The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scripture | γραφή (graphē) | Scriptură | High | 1:20, 3:16 | 3:16 extends the term to Paul’s letters (“τὰς λοιπὰς γραφάς”) — early canon-consciousness; ties to baseline doctrine inspiration_of_scripture. |
| more sure / fully confirmed word | βεβαιότερον (bebaioteron) | mai încredințat / întărit | Critical | 1:19 | Must not imply Scripture is less reliable than eyewitness experience. |
| carried along / borne along | φέρω (pherō): ἠνέχθη, φερόμενοι | purtați | Critical | 1:21 | The central inspiration verb; holds divine initiative and human agency together. |
| one’s own / private | ἴδιος (idios) | propriu(-a) | Critical | 1:20 | Paired with “interpretation” below in a genuine live interpretive crux for the Orthodox-majority audience. |
| interpretation | ἐπίλυσις (epilysis) | tâlcuire / dezlegare | Critical | 1:20 | Hapax legomenon; requires a translator note presenting both the “origin” and “interpretation” readings without resolving the debate unilaterally. |
| hard to understand | δυσνόητος (dysnoētos) | greu de înțeles | High | 3:16 | Applied to portions of Paul’s letters. |
| to twist / distort | στρεβλόω (strebloō) | a răstălmăci | High | 3:16 | Describes the misuse of Scripture by “the untaught and unstable.” |
| untaught | ἀμαθής (amathēs) | neînvățat / nepriceput | Medium | 3:16 | |
| unstable | ἀστήρικτος (astēriktos) | nestatornic | Medium | 3:16 | |
| steadfastness | στηριγμός (stērigmos) | statornicie | Medium | 3:17 | Hapax legomenon. |
3. New Terms — Growing in Christian Virtue
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| virtue / excellence | ἀρετή (aretē) | virtute | High | 1:3, 1:5 | Second rung of the virtue chain; also of God’s own excellence. |
| knowledge | γνῶσις (gnōsis) | cunoaștere | Medium | 1:5-6 | Distinguish from ἐπίγνωσις. |
| full/mature knowledge | ἐπίγνωσις (epignōsis) | cunoaștere deplină | High | 1:2, 1:3, 1:8, 2:20 | Recurring marker of mature saving knowledge; its loss (2:20) marks apostasy. |
| self-control | ἐγκράτεια (enkrateia) | înfrânare | Medium | 1:6 | |
| steadfast endurance | ὑπομονή (hypomonē) | răbdare | Medium | 1:6 | |
| godliness | εὐσέβεια (eusebeia) | evlavie / cucernicie | High | 1:3, 1:6, 1:7, 3:11 | Risk of narrowing to ritual/liturgical piety alone. |
| brotherly affection | φιλαδελφία (philadelphia) | dragoste frățească | Low | 1:7 | |
| love | ἀγάπη (agapē) | dragoste | Medium | 1:7 | Capstone of the virtue chain. |
| to richly supply | ἐπιχορηγέω (epichorēgeō) | a adăuga cu prisosință | Medium | 1:5, 1:11 | Vivid “lavish provision” image. |
| diligence | σπουδή / σπουδάζω (spoudē / spoudazō) | sârguință / a se sili | Medium | 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 3:14 | Human effort within a synergistic frame alongside divine calling. |
| grow | αὐξάνω (auxanō) | a crește | Medium | 3:18 | Closing exhortation; pairs with “har” and “cunoaștere.” |
4. New Terms — False Teachers and Their Judgment
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| false prophets | ψευδοπροφῆται (pseudoprophētai) | proroci mincinoși | High | 2:1 | |
| false teachers | ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι (pseudodidaskaloi) | învățători mincinoși | High | 2:1 | |
| destructive heresies/sects | αἵρεσις (hairesis) | erezie | Critical | 2:1 | Must convey personal spiritual danger, not merely a settled canonical-juridical category. |
| destruction / perdition | ἀπώλεια (apōleia) | pieire / pierzare | High | 2:1, 2:3, 3:7, 3:16 | |
| Master / Sovereign | δεσπότης (despotēs) | Stăpân | High | 2:1 | Distinct from κύριος (“Domnul”) and κυριότης (“stăpânire”); flag the three-term authority cluster together. |
| to buy / redeem | ἀγοράζω (agorazō) | a răscumpăra | High | 2:1 | |
| sensuality | ἀσέλγεια (aselgeia) | desfrânare | High | 2:2, 2:7, 2:18 | |
| to exploit / make merchandise of | ἐμπορεύομαι (emporeuomai) | a exploata | Medium | 2:3 | |
| Tartarus (to cast into) | ταρταρόω (tartaroō) | a arunca în Tartar | Medium-High | 2:4 | Greek mythological loanword; needs a brief gloss. |
| flood | κατακλυσμός (kataklysmos) | potop | Low | 2:5 | Established biblical term. |
| dominion / authority | κυριότης (kyriotēs) | stăpânire | Medium | 2:10 | |
| glorious ones (angelic beings) | δόξαι (doxai) | măriri / căpetenii slăvite | Medium | 2:10 | Distinct plural/concrete sense from abstract “slavă.” |
| irrational animals | ἄλογα ζῷα (aloga zōa) | dobitoace fără judecată | Low-Medium | 2:12 | |
| to entice | δελεάζω (deleazō) | a ademeni | Medium | 2:14, 2:18 | |
| error / deception | πλάνη (planē) | rătăcire | Medium | 2:18 | |
| freedom | ἐλευθερία (eleutheria) | libertate | Low | 2:19 | |
| slaves of corruption | δοῦλοι τῆς φθορᾶς (douloi tēs phthoras) | robi ai stricăciunii | High | 2:19 | Ironic contrast with promised “freedom.” |
5. New Terms — The Certainty of Christ’s Return
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| coming / Parousia | παρουσία (parousia) | venire | Critical | 1:16, 3:4, 3:12 | Must render identically at every occurrence for doctrinal consistency; directly targeted by the scoffers’ mockery in ch. 3. |
| promise | ἐπάγγελμα / ἐπαγγελία (epangelma / epangelia) | făgăduință | Medium-High | 1:4, 3:4, 3:9, 3:13 | |
| Savior | σωτήρ (sōtēr) | Mântuitor | Critical | 1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18 | Applied to both God and Christ; reinforces Christ’s deity. |
| morning star | φωσφόρος (phōsphoros) | luceafărul de dimineață | High | 1:19 | Distinguish from Eminescu’s “Luceafărul” and from “Lucifer” as a name for Satan; positive christological image. |
| to hasten | σπεύδω (speudō) | a grăbi | Medium | 3:12 | ”Hastening the coming of the day of God.” |
6. New Terms — The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα Κυρίου (hēmera Kyriou) | ziua Domnului | Critical | 3:10 | |
| judgment | κρίσις / κρίμα (krisis / krima) | judecată | Medium | 2:3, 2:4, 2:9, 3:7 | |
| elements | στοιχεῖα (stoicheia) | stihii | High | 3:10, 3:12 | Folk-animistic connotation risk in Romanian; gloss as physical/cosmic components. |
| new heavens and new earth | καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν | ceruri noi și pământ nou | Critical | 3:13 | Align with the standard Romanian rendering of Revelation 21:1. |
| thief | κλέπτης (kleptēs) | fur / hoț | Low | 3:10 | Standard image of sudden, unexpected arrival. |
| to store up (for judgment) | θησαυρίζω (thēsaurizō) | a păstra / a pune deoparte | High | 3:7 | |
| ungodly | ἀσεβής (asebēs) | necredincios / nelegiuit | Medium | 2:5, 2:6, 3:7 | |
| conduct / way of life | ἀναστροφή (anastrophē) | purtare | High | 3:11 | Avoid archaic “petrecere” (misread today as “party/celebration”). |
| spotless / blameless | ἄσπιλος / ἀμώμητος (aspilos / amōmētos) | fără pată / fără prihană | Medium | 3:14 |
7. New Terms — Patience of God’s Timing
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| patience / longsuffering | μακροθυμία (makrothymia) | îndelungă-răbdare | Critical | 3:9, 3:15 | Must convey purposeful forbearance, not passivity or delay. |
| to delay / be slow | βραδύνω (bradynō) | a întârzia | Medium | 3:9 | Explicitly denied of the Lord. |
| repentance | μετάνοια (metanoia) | pocăință | High | 3:9 | The purpose of divine patience. |
| a thousand years as a day | χίλια ἔτη ὡς ἡμέρα μία | o mie de ani ca o singură zi | High | 3:8 | Grounds the doctrine of God’s patience in his transcendence over human time; must not be flattened into a mathematical formula for calculating dates. |
| to escape notice / forget willfully | λανθάνω (lanthanō) | a scăpa din vedere / a uita cu voia | Medium | 3:5, 3:8 |
8. New Terms — Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
| English term | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Occurrences | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| divine nature | θεία φύσις (theia physis) | fire dumnezeiască | Critical | 1:4 | Central NT prooftext for Orthodox theosis; established Synodal phrase “părtași dumnezeieștii firi.” Must preserve Peter’s ethical/transformational emphasis (escaping corruption, pursuing virtue) alongside the participatory ontological reading Orthodox readers will supply. |
| partaker / sharer | κοινωνός (koinōnos) | părtaș | High | 1:4 | Related to but distinct from κοινωνία (“părtășie,” baseline fellowship). |
| corruption | φθορά (phthora) | stricăciune | High | 1:4, 2:12, 2:19 | |
| desire / lust | ἐπιθυμία (epithymia) | poftă | Medium | 1:4, 2:10, 2:18, 3:3 | |
| divine power | θεία δύναμις (theia dynamis) | puterea dumnezeiască | Medium | 1:3 |
9. Proper Names (Established / Low Risk)
| English | Greek (translit.) | Romanian rendering | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peter | Πέτρος (Petros) | Petru | Low | Author self-designation, “Simon Peter” (Συμεὼν Πέτρος) 1:1. |
| Noah | Νῶε (Nōe) | Noe | Low | |
| Sodom | Σόδομα (Sodoma) | Sodoma | Low | |
| Gomorrah | Γόμορρα (Gomorra) | Gomora | Low | |
| Lot | Λώτ (Lōt) | Lot | Low | |
| Balaam | Βαλαάμ (Balaam) | Balaam | Low | |
| Paul | Παῦλος (Paulos) | Pavel | Low | Per baseline naming convention. |
10. Cross-Reference Consistency Requirements
- παρουσία (1:16, 3:4, 3:12) must be rendered identically (“venire”) at every occurrence; the scoffers’ mockery in 3:4 directly quotes the term used positively in 1:16.
- ἐπίγνωσις must be consistently distinguished from γνῶσις throughout (1:2-8, 2:20) — do not collapse the two into a single Romanian word.
- κύριος / δεσπότης / κυριότης (Domnul / Stăpân / stăpânire) must remain three distinguishable terms across chapters 1–3.
- φθορά (“stricăciune”) must be rendered identically at 1:4, 2:12, and 2:19 so that readers can trace the “corruption” theme across the epistle.
- The rendering of θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως (1:4) must match, where the curriculum’s teaching notes reference it, the established Romanian Orthodox Synodal phrase “părtași dumnezeieștii firi,” per this Language Package’s register standard (Orthodox Synodal Bible for proper names and core theological vocabulary).
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: har
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: favoare doar în sens legal, fără nicio participare reală a credinciosului
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Petru 1:2 (greeting) and 3:18 (‘creșteți în har’), the epistle’s closing charge. Retain the baseline caution: not a purely legal favor without real participation, nor a created substance dispensed through merit.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: dreptate
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: dreptate câștigată exclusiv prin efort moral propriu
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:1 (‘dreptatea Dumnezeului și Mântuitorului nostru’), 2:5 (Noe, ‘propovăduitor al dreptății’), 2:21 (‘calea dreptății’), 3:13 (pământul nou ‘în care locuiește dreptatea’).
Salvation
Approved rendering: mântuire
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 3:15, where the Lord’s patience is itself to be regarded as oriented toward mântuire. Preserve baseline caution against collapsing into theosis-as-process alone at the expense of decisive reception by faith.
Lord
Approved rendering: Domnul
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout (e.g. 1:2, 1:8, 1:11, 3:8, 3:15, 3:18). Must remain clearly distinguishable from δεσπότης (‘Stăpân’) and κυριότης (‘stăpânire’) within 2 Peter — enforce the three-term authority cluster rigidly.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Fiul lui Dumnezeu
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: fiu al lui Dumnezeu în sensul generic aplicat oricărui credincios
Original: ὁ Υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:17, the Transfiguration voice quoted by Peter as eyewitness testimony: ‘Acesta este Fiul Meu cel iubit.’ Must carry the same eternal, unique Sonship register as the baseline entry, not adoptive or honorary sonship.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Iisus
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Isus (Protestant/Cornilescu spelling)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout, typically as ‘Iisus Hristos.’ Standardize on ‘Iisus’ per Orthodox Synodal convention; note ‘Isus’ as the expected Evangelical/Cornilescu-tradition variant in translator notes only, never mixed within one document.
God
Approved rendering: Dumnezeu
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout, including the deity-of-Christ construction at 1:1 (‘Dumnezeul și Mântuitorul nostru’).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Duhul Sfânt
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:21, the divine agent who ‘a purtat’ the prophets (‘purtați de Duhul Sfânt’).
Father
Approved rendering: Tată
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: Πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:17, in the phrase ‘cinste și slavă de la Dumnezeu Tatăl.‘
Christ
Approved rendering: Hristos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New entry, not separately listed in the Romans baseline TM (which addressed only ‘jesus’ and ‘messiah’). Per the naming convention already fixed in the baseline’s 12_ai_translation_requirements.md, render consistently as ‘Hristos,’ never mixed with an alternate transliteration, throughout ‘Iisus Hristos.‘
More Sure Word
Approved rendering: mai încredințat / întărit
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: mai sigur (too weak; could imply Scripture was previously less reliable than eyewitness experience)
Original: βεβαιότερον
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 1:19. βεβαιότερον is a commercial/legal term for a guaranteed transaction; no single Romanian adjective carries both the legal-surety sense and prophetic-reliability sense. A weak rendering could imply Scripture is less reliable than the apostles’ own eyewitness experience — the opposite of Peter’s actual point.
Carried Along
Approved rendering: purtați
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: inspirați (loses the vivid ‘carried along by wind’ imagery), dictați mecanic de Duhul (overstates into mechanical dictation, erasing ‘oameni au vorbit’)
Original: φέρω (ἠνέχθη / φερόμενοι)
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 1:21, the central verb for the doctrine of biblical inspiration (φέρω: ἠνέχθη / φερόμενοι). Must hold divine initiative and genuine human agency together — the prophets are actively carried/propelled by the Spirit while remaining personally engaged speakers.
Ones Own Private
Approved rendering: propriu(-a)
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ἴδιος
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 1:20, paired with ‘interpretation’ in a genuine interpretive crux. Render precisely and let the accompanying mandatory translator note carry the interpretive weight rather than resolving it through word choice alone.
Interpretation
Approved rendering: tâlcuire / dezlegare
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: explicare (too flat; loses the ‘loosening/releasing’ etymological nuance of ἐπίλυσις)
Original: ἐπίλυσις
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 1:20. NT hapax legomenon. A live, culturally grounded fault line: Orthodox and Catholic tradition has historically favored reading this verse as excluding private interpretation apart from the Church’s authoritative reading, while much Protestant/Evangelical tradition reads it as excluding merely human origin of prophecy (paired with v.21’s parallel point about the Spirit’s initiative). Render the Greek precisely and supply a mandatory translator note presenting both readings without silently resolving the debate.
Heresy
Approved rendering: erezie
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: αἵρεσις
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:1 (‘erezii pierzătoare, introduse pe furiș’). Given the destination culture’s deep historical association of ‘erezie’ with condemnations at the Ecumenical Councils, the rendering must communicate immediate personal and communal spiritual danger, not merely a settled canonical-juridical category from the past. Requires a translator note reorienting readers toward present danger.
Coming Parousia
Approved rendering: venire
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: parusie (an available academic Romanian theological loanword, but above the curriculum’s newspaper-editorial reading-level target and unfamiliar to lay readers), prezență (dilutes the technical sense of a dignitary’s visible, ceremonial arrival into mere presence)
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 1:16, 3:4, 3:12. Must be rendered identically at every occurrence, since the scoffers of chapter 3 directly mock the very term Peter uses positively of the Transfiguration preview in chapter 1.
Savior
Approved rendering: Mântuitor
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
Occurs at 1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18, applied repeatedly and interchangeably to both Dumnezeu and Hristos, reinforcing Christ’s full deity.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: ziua Domnului
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἡμέρα Κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 3:10, arriving suddenly and unexpectedly, ‘ca un fur/hoţ.‘
New Heavens New Earth
Approved rendering: ceruri noi și un pământ nou
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and New Creation
Original: καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 3:13, ‘în care locuiește dreptatea.’ Must align with the standard Romanian rendering of the parallel promise in Apocalipsa 21:1 for cross-reference consistency.
Patience
Approved rendering: îndelungă-răbdare
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Rejected alternatives: răbdare (already reserved for ὑπομονή/steadfast_endurance at 1:6; using it here would collapse two distinct Greek virtue/patience concepts into one Romanian word)
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: God
Occurs at 3:9, 3:15. Must convey purposeful, gracious forbearance oriented toward giving space for repentance, not divine passivity, indecision, or unfaithfulness — explicitly contrasted with ‘a întârzia’ (v.9).
Divine Nature
Approved rendering: fire dumnezeiască
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: θεία φύσις
Category: Divine Nature
Occurs at 1:4 (‘părtași dumnezeieștii firi’). The single most theologically loaded phrase in 2 Peter for the Romanian destination culture — the central New Testament prooftext historically cited for the Orthodox doctrine of theosis (îndumnezeire); established Synodal phrase retained exactly. Must preserve both the participatory dimension Orthodox readers will supply AND Peter’s own immediate ethical argument (escaping corruption caused by lust, pursuing the virtue chain) — mandatory translator note required at every occurrence.
Holy Men Of God
Approved rendering: oameni sfinți (ai lui Dumnezeu)
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: sfinți (bare, without qualification, invites the baseline Critical-risk canonized-saint default reading carried over from Romans 1:7)
Occurs at 1:21 (ἅγιοι ἄνθρωποι). Reactivates the Romans-baseline Critical risk on ‘sfinți’ (canonized-saint default reading), here applied to the Old Testament prophets rather than to believers generally. Keep the emphasis on ‘purtați de Duhul Sfânt’ as the operative clause; a brief note should clarify that ‘sfinți’ here designates the prophets’ God-consecrated office, distinguishable from later canonized-saint veneration.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: credință
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: evlavie religioasă generală
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:1 (‘credință de aceeași prețuire’) and as the head of the virtue chain, 1:5. The object of faith (Hristos) must remain recoverable from context.
Calling
Approved rendering: chemare
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: chemare monahală (specifically a call to monastic life)
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:10 (‘faceți-vă temeinică chemarea și alegerea voastră’), paired with human diligence (sârguință); must convey sovereign summons, not human-initiated seeking, and must not default to the monastic-vocation sense.
Election
Approved rendering: alegere
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Rejected alternatives: predestinare dublă în sens calvinist strict
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:10. As in Romans 9-11, must be translated without imposing strict Calvinist monergism or dissolving divine initiative into pure human free will; 1:10 itself models the Orthodox-comfortable synergistic balance.
Holy
Approved rendering: sfânt
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:18 (‘muntele cel sfânt’), 1:21 (‘oameni sfinți ai lui Dumnezeu’), 2:21 (‘porunca sfântă’), 3:2 (‘sfinții proroci’), 3:11 (‘purtare sfântă’). See the new entry ‘holy_men_of_god’ for the reactivated Critical-risk collision with the baseline ‘saints’ entry at 1:21.
Glory
Approved rendering: slavă
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:3, 1:17 (Transfiguration voice), 2:10 (distinct plural ‘glorious ones,’ see new entry ‘glorious_ones’), 3:18 (closing doxology). Cultural asset, resonating with constant Orthodox doxological usage.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: puterea lui Dumnezeu
Doctrine: Power of God
Original: δύναμις (θεοῦ / τοῦ Κυρίου)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, adapted. Occurs at 1:3 (‘puterea Lui dumnezeiască ne-a dăruit…’) and 1:16 (Christ’s ‘putere și venire’), extending the baseline rendering from God’s power generally to Christ’s own power specifically.
Sin
Approved rendering: păcat
Doctrine: Sin
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:9 (forgetting cleansing from past sins) and 2:14 (hearts trained in greed).
Scripture
Approved rendering: Scriptură
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: scriere (too generic; loses the canonical, technical sense)
Original: γραφή
Category: Scripture
New entry. Occurs at 1:20 (prophecy of Scripture) and 3:16, where the term is extended to Pavel’s letters (‘celelalte Scripturi’) — an early canon-consciousness marker. Ties to the baseline Romans doctrine ‘inspiration_of_scripture,’ elevated here to Critical at the doctrine level given 2 Peter’s direct claims about Scripture’s origin. Must carry equal canonical weight at both occurrences.
Hard To Understand
Approved rendering: greu de înțeles
Doctrine: Canon Consciousness: Paul’s Letters as Scripture
Original: δυσνόητος
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 3:16, applied to portions of Pavel’s letters.
To Twist Distort
Approved rendering: a răstălmăci
Doctrine: Canon Consciousness: Paul’s Letters as Scripture
Rejected alternatives: a interpreta greșit (too mild; loses the violent ‘wrenching’ image of στρεβλόω)
Original: στρεβλόω
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 3:16, describing the untaught and unstable twisting Pavel’s letters ‘ca și pe celelalte Scripturi.‘
Virtue
Approved rendering: virtute
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀρετή
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:3 (God’s own excellence/glory) and 1:5 (second rung of the virtue chain).
Full Knowledge
Approved rendering: cunoaștere deplină
Doctrine: Full Knowledge of Christ (Epignosis)
Rejected alternatives: cunoaștere (collapses the intensified ἐπίγνωσις into plain γνῶσις, erasing a recurring structural marker)
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:2, 1:3, 1:8, and 2:20, where its abandonment marks apostasy. Reserve exclusively for ἐπίγνωσις; never use for plain γνῶσις.
Godliness
Approved rendering: evlavie / cucernicie
Doctrine: Godliness and Christian Conduct
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:3, 1:6, 1:7, 3:11. Risk of narrowing to ritual/liturgical piety alone rather than the epistle’s holistic sense of godly character and everyday conduct; gloss on first occurrence.
False Prophets
Approved rendering: proroci mincinoși
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοπροφῆται
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:1, introducing the chapter’s warning; false prophets/teachers arise from within the community, not only from outside.
False Teachers
Approved rendering: învățători mincinoși
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:1.
Destruction
Approved rendering: pieire / pierzare
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀπώλεια
Category: Judgment
Occurs at 2:1, 2:3, 3:7, 3:16. Central to the certain, self-incurred fate of false teachers.
Master Sovereign
Approved rendering: Stăpân
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: Despot (imports strongly negative modern-political tyranny connotations foreign to the term’s sense of rightful, absolute ownership)
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
Occurs at 2:1: false teachers deny ‘Stăpânul care i-a răscumpărat.’ Distinct from κύριος (‘Domnul’) and κυριότης (‘stăpânire’); the three-term authority cluster must remain distinguishable throughout 2 Peter.
To Buy Redeem
Approved rendering: a răscumpăra
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀγοράζω
Category: Salvation
Occurs at 2:1, a redemption/ownership claim over Hristos that the false teachers deny.
Sensuality
Approved rendering: desfrânare
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Sin
Occurs at 2:2, 2:7, 2:18.
Slaves Of Corruption
Approved rendering: robi ai stricăciunii
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: δοῦλοι τῆς φθορᾶς
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:19, a sharp irony: false teachers promise liberty while enslaved to the very corruption believers are called to escape (cf. 1:4).
Morning Star
Approved rendering: luceafărul de dimineață
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: Luceafăr (bare, without the qualifying ‘de dimineață,’ invites even stronger conflation with Eminescu’s poem ‘Luceafărul’)
Original: φωσφόρος
Category: Christology
Occurs at 1:19. Two distinct cultural collisions must be flagged: Mihai Eminescu’s poem ‘Luceafărul’ (a melancholic, theologically unrelated figure) and ‘Lucifer,’ the standard Romanian name for Satan via the same light-bearer image (Isaiah 14:12 tradition). A mandatory translator note must clarify the positive christological use here.
Elements
Approved rendering: stihii
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: elementele lumii (offered as a plainer parallel gloss for lower-literacy audiences, retained as secondary, not primary, rendering to preserve continuity with established Romanian biblical literature)
Original: στοιχεῖα
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 3:10, 3:12. In Romanian folk tradition, ‘stihii’ can carry a folkloric/animistic connotation of personified nature-spirits; a mandatory translator note must clarify these are the physical/cosmic components of creation under God’s sovereign command, not spiritual beings.
To Store Up
Approved rendering: a păstra / a pune deoparte
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: θησαυρίζω
Category: Judgment
Occurs at 3:7, ‘cerurile și pământul de acum sunt păzite pentru foc,’ paralleling the Flood’s judgment by water.
Conduct
Approved rendering: purtare
Doctrine: Godliness and Christian Conduct
Rejected alternatives: petrecere (archaic Synodal-tradition word for ‘conduct/way of life’; in contemporary Romanian means ‘party/celebration’ and would badly mislead modern readers)
Original: ἀναστροφή
Category: Sanctification
Occurs at 3:11, ‘ce fel de oameni ar trebui să fiți, printr-o purtare sfântă și evlavioasă.’ Reject ‘petrecere’ outright.
Repentance
Approved rendering: pocăință
Doctrine: Repentance
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Salvation
Occurs at 3:9, the purpose of God’s patience. ‘Pocăință’ is bound in Orthodox usage to Taina Spovedaniei (sacramental confession); the curriculum must not contradict sacramental practice but must keep 2 Peter’s direct, unmediated appeal to repentance clear.
Thousand Years As A Day
Approved rendering: o mie de ani ca o singură zi
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: χίλια ἔτη ὡς ἡμέρα μία
Category: God
Occurs at 3:8, grounding the doctrine of God’s patience in his transcendence over human time. Must not be flattened into a mathematical formula for calculating dates; attach a translator note forbidding any date-calculation reading.
Partaker
Approved rendering: părtaș
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: κοινωνός
Category: Divine Nature
Occurs at 1:4 (κοινωνός). Related to but distinct from κοινωνία (‘părtășie,’ baseline ‘fellowship’); must not be conflated with that broader term in any occurrence.
Corruption
Approved rendering: stricăciune
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: φθορά
Category: Divine Nature
Occurs at 1:4, 2:12, 2:19. Must be rendered identically at all three occurrences so readers can trace the corruption theme across the epistle.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: pace
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:2 (greeting) and 3:14 (goal of holy conduct: ‘găsiți de El în pace’).
Untaught
Approved rendering: neînvățat
Doctrine: Canon Consciousness: Paul’s Letters as Scripture
Original: ἀμαθής
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 3:16.
Unstable
Approved rendering: nestatornic
Doctrine: Canon Consciousness: Paul’s Letters as Scripture
Original: ἀστήρικτος
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 3:16-17.
Steadfastness
Approved rendering: statornicie
Doctrine: Canon Consciousness: Paul’s Letters as Scripture
Original: στηριγμός
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 3:17 (NT hapax legomenon). Nearest available abstract noun; flagged as an approximation rather than an exact equivalent.
Knowledge
Approved rendering: cunoaștere
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:5-6, within the virtue chain. Must be kept lexically distinct from ἐπίγνωσις (see ‘full_knowledge’).
Self Control
Approved rendering: înfrânare
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:6, within the virtue chain.
Steadfast Endurance
Approved rendering: răbdare
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:6, within the virtue chain (ὑπομονή). Must remain distinct from μακροθυμία (‘îndelungă-răbdare,’ see ‘patience’) — two separate Greek concepts occurring in the same short letter.
Love
Approved rendering: dragoste
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:7, capstone of the virtue chain.
Richly Supply
Approved rendering: a adăuga cu prisosință
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἐπιχορηγέω
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:5 (believers supply virtue) and 1:11 (God richly supplies entrance into the eternal kingdom). Vivid ‘lavish provision’ image (originally: funding a dramatic chorus).
Diligence
Approved rendering: sârguință
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election
Original: σπουδή / σπουδάζω
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 3:14. Human effort exercised within a synergistic frame alongside divine calling; do not present as either merit-earning works or as optional.
Grow
Approved rendering: a crește
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: αὐξάνω
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 3:18, the epistle’s closing exhortation (‘creșteți în har și în cunoașterea Domnului nostru’), paired with ‘har’ and ‘cunoaștere.‘
To Exploit
Approved rendering: a exploata
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἐμπορεύομαι
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:3, false teachers monetizing followers through fabricated words.
Dominion Authority
Approved rendering: stăpânire
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: κυριότης
Category: Christology
Occurs at 2:10, false teachers ‘dispreţuiesc stăpânirea.’ Part of the κύριος/δεσπότης/κυριότης authority cluster requiring distinguishable rendering.
Glorious Ones
Approved rendering: măriri / căpetenii slăvite
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: slăvi (abstract singular ‘slavă’ sense, would collide with the standard ‘glory’ rendering used elsewhere)
Original: δόξαι
Category: God
Occurs at 2:10. Distinct plural/concrete sense (δόξαι, likely angelic dignities) from the abstract ‘slavă’ used elsewhere; requires a translator note to prevent confusion.
To Entice
Approved rendering: a ademeni
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: δελεάζω
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:14, 2:18.
Error Deception
Approved rendering: rătăcire
Doctrine: Apostasy and Relapse
Original: πλάνη
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:18, describing the ongoing danger of relapse into the false teachers’ orbit.
To Hasten
Approved rendering: a grăbi
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: σπεύδω
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 3:12, ‘grăbind venirea zilei lui Dumnezeu.‘
Judgment
Approved rendering: judecată
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: κρίσις / κρίμα
Category: Judgment
Occurs at 2:3, 2:4, 2:9, 3:7.
Ungodly
Approved rendering: necredincios / nelegiuit
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἀσεβής
Category: Sin
Occurs at 2:5, 2:6, 3:7.
Spotless Blameless
Approved rendering: fără pată / fără prihană
Doctrine: Godliness and Christian Conduct
Original: ἄσπιλος / ἀμώμητος
Category: Sanctification
Occurs at 3:14, the ethical goal in light of the coming Day.
To Delay
Approved rendering: a întârzia
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: βραδύνω
Category: God
Occurs at 3:9, explicitly denied of the Lord regarding his promise; distinguishes patience from unfaithfulness.
To Escape Notice
Approved rendering: a scăpa din vedere / a uita cu voia
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: λανθάνω
Category: Judgment
Occurs at 3:5, 3:8, describing the scoffers’ willful ignorance of Creation and the Flood.
Desire Lust
Approved rendering: poftă
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
Occurs at 1:4, 2:10, 2:18, 3:3, the corrupting force from which believers escape and which drives both the false teachers’ conduct and the scoffers’ mockery.
Divine Power
Approved rendering: puterea dumnezeiască
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: θεία δύναμις
Category: God
Occurs at 1:3, the source of ‘toate cele ce sunt de trebuință pentru viață și evlavie.‘
Myth
Approved rendering: basm / poveste născocită
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Original: μῦθος (σεσοφισμένοις μύθοις)
Category: Testimony
Occurs at 1:16, contrasting fabricated religious storytelling with eyewitness testimony. Must retain the nuance of deliberately, skillfully concocted (σεσοφισμένοις), not innocent legend.
Eyewitness
Approved rendering: martori oculari
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Rejected alternatives: contemplatori/inițiați (would suggest the Hellenistic mystery-religion sense of ἐπόπτης as a private mystical-initiate experience, undermining Peter’s historical-testimony argument)
Original: ἐπόπτης
Category: Testimony
Occurs at 1:16 (ἐπόπτης), also a technical term for a Hellenistic mystery-religion initiate admitted to the highest grade of vision. Anchor firmly in ordinary legal/historical eyewitness testimony, not private mystical vision.
Majestic Glory
Approved rendering: Slava cea măreață
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Original: μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα
Category: God
Occurs at 1:17 (μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα), a reverential periphrasis (divine title) for God the Father avoiding direct use of the divine Name. Must be clearly marked as a title, not a mere descriptive phrase.
Lamp
Approved rendering: candelă / făclie
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: λύχνος
Category: Scripture
Occurs at 1:19, Scripture as a guiding light in a dark world. ‘Candelă’ carries rich Orthodox liturgical resonance (the vigil lamp before icons) — a possible cultural asset, but risks over-liturgizing a general image; prefer neutral ‘făclie’ as primary rendering with ‘candelă’ noted as an evocative alternative.
Equal Standing
Approved rendering: de aceeași prețuire
Doctrine: Equal Standing of Saving Faith
Rejected alternatives: asemănătoare (weaker ‘similar’ faith, loses ἰσότιμος’s flattening force against informal piety hierarchies)
Original: ἰσότιμος
Category: Faith
Occurs at 1:1: Gentile believers’ faith affirmed as fully equal in worth to the apostles’ own — a strong statement against any two-tier hierarchy of faith, including informal Romanian hierarchies between monastics/clergy/laity or long-observant/new believers.
Eternal Kingdom
Approved rendering: împărăția veșnică
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: αἰώνιος βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Occurs at 1:11, the believer’s assured future inheritance, adapting the baseline Romans ‘kingdom_of_god’ concept to Christ’s eternal reign.
Tent Departure
Approved rendering: cort / plecare (exod)
Doctrine: Godliness and Christian Conduct
Original: σκήνωμα / ἔξοδος
Category: Sanctification
Occurs at 1:13-15, Peter’s foretold death described with the same ‘exodus’ language used of Christ’s own departure at the Transfiguration (Luke 9:31).
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apostol
Doctrine: Apostolic Identity and Authority
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:1 (self-designation, ‘rob și apostol’) and 3:2 (‘apostolii voștri’).
Prophet
Approved rendering: proroc
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 3:2 (‘cuvintele spuse mai înainte de sfinții proroci’).
Fellowship
Approved rendering: părtășie
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: comuniune (carries stronger Orthodox Eucharistic/liturgical association)
Original: κοινων-
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (related root κοινων-). The κοινωνός form at 1:4 (‘părtași dumnezeieștii firi’) is a distinct term rendered ‘părtaș’ (see new entry ‘partaker’); the abstract κοινωνία noun itself does not occur in 2 Peter, but ‘părtășie’ is retained here for cross-package consistency. Never conflate ‘părtaș’ and ‘părtășie.‘
Paul
Approved rendering: Pavel
Doctrine: Canon Consciousness: Paul’s Letters as Scripture
Original: Παῦλος
Category: Church
New entry. Occurs at 3:15, referenced as author of letters received alongside ‘celelalte Scripturi.’ Per baseline naming convention.
Peter
Approved rendering: Petru
Doctrine: Apostolic Identity and Authority
Original: Συμεὼν Πέτρος
Category: Church
New entry. Occurs at 1:1, self-designation in the full form ‘Simon Petru’ (Συμεὼν Πέτρος).
Brotherly Affection
Approved rendering: dragoste frățească
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Virtue
Occurs at 1:7, within the virtue chain.
Flood
Approved rendering: potop
Doctrine: Historical Precedents of Divine Judgment
Original: κατακλυσμός
Category: Judgment
Occurs at 2:5. Established biblical term.
Irrational Animals
Approved rendering: dobitoace fără judecată
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἄλογα ζῷα
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:12, describing false teachers as brute beasts destined for capture and destruction.
Freedom
Approved rendering: libertate
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἐλευθερία
Category: False Teaching
Occurs at 2:19, promised falsely by the false teachers.
Thief
Approved rendering: hoț / fur
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: κλέπτης
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 3:10, the image of sudden, unexpected arrival.
Servant
Approved rendering: rob
Doctrine: Apostolic Identity and Authority
Rejected alternatives: sclav (harsher, less established in the devotional register)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
Occurs at 1:1, Peter’s self-identification alongside ‘apostol.’ ‘Rob’ preferred over ‘sclav’ for the established dignified literary register.
Low (term) / High (doctrine) Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: prorocie
Doctrine: The Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package; term-level risk Low, but doctrine-level risk is elevated to Critical in 2 Peter given 1:20-21’s direct claims about Scripture’s divine origin. Occurs at 1:20, 1:21.
Medium-High Risk Terms
Tartarus
Approved rendering: a arunca în Tartar
Doctrine: Historical Precedents of Divine Judgment
Rejected alternatives: locul chinului (fully paraphrastic; erases the specific mythological-vocabulary choice Peter himself makes)
Original: ταρταρόω
Category: Judgment
Occurs at 2:4. Greek mythological loanword (NT hapax) with no biblical-Hebrew or Romanian folk analogue; hybrid transliteration (‘Tartar’) plus paraphrastic verb, with a mandatory gloss identifying this as a real scriptural statement of divine judgment on the sinning angels, not an endorsement of Greco-Roman mythology.
Promise
Approved rendering: făgăduință
Doctrine: The Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: ἐπάγγελμα / ἐπαγγελία
Category: Eschatology
Occurs at 1:4 (‘făgăduințe scumpe și foarte mari’), 3:4 (mocked by scoffers), 3:9, 3:13.
Low-Medium Risk Terms
Majesty
Approved rendering: măreție
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Original: μεγαλειότης
Category: Testimony
Occurs at 1:16, Christ’s divine majesty displayed at the Transfiguration.
Holy Mountain
Approved rendering: muntele cel sfânt
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Rejected alternatives: Sfântul Munte (the standard Romanian designation for Mount Athos, an entirely different referent with major Orthodox devotional weight)
Original: ἅγιον ὄρος
Category: Testimony
Occurs at 1:18, the traditional site of the Transfiguration (Tabor or Hermon). A translator note must prevent readers from conflating this with Muntele Athos.